Processing of materials based on heating by microwave energy has gained increasing importance in many industrial applications due to its potential advantages over conventional heating methods. In the sintering of ceramic materials, the use of microwave energy decreases the processing time, saves energy and improves the microstructural homogeneity of ceramic bodies. These advantages have motivated various research groups around the world to study microwave sintering. However, the benefits deriving from the use of microwaves depend on the control and scientific understanding of the parameters and aspects of the process. This paper offers a review of the fundamental scientific aspects of microwave sintering of ceramics, focusing on the interaction between materials and microwaves and highlighting particular points of the hybrid sintering process and methodology.
microwaves; sintering; ceramics
