Estimate of the facades degradation with ceramic cladding: study of Brasilia buildings

In the context of the theme of the performance assessment, service life, degradation and diagnosis of pathologies has been observed that buildings constructed in Brasília have high cases of pathological manifestations in the facades. These phenomena have been observed in buildings in many different ages, inducing relevant questions in the technical part, related to the compatibility of the materials and components, construction techniques, materials degradation and design. In this sense, the objective of this study is to present a methodology for inspection, identification and quantification of pathological events that occur most frequently on the facades of buildings. The proposed methodology consists of a systematization of the inspection process, identifying, mapping and quantification of pathologies in a sample of 90 facades. This methodology allows us to establish indices of intensity of damage in terms of solar orientation and age, as well as to determine the intensity of pathologies in different regions of the facades (continuous walls, windows, balconies, corners and edges, joints, transition between floors and top). The sample is taken in the context of buildings of Brasilia, Brazil, which ages range from 5 to 48 years. The results show the highest values of damage factors refer to ceramic detachment. It were observed, too, that the highest values of damage factors occur in the North and West facades in buildings with age over of 10 years. The results also show that damage occurs most frequently in the region of the continuous walls. This study aims to contribute to the need for systematic identification, classification and quantification of damage in ceramic facades.

ceramic facades; pathological manifestations; damage factors; service life