The goal of this research was the preparation and use of organophilic clay capable of promoting the separation of phenol, found in large scale in the aqueous effluent of petrochemical industries. The studies consisted of preparing adsorbent material, based on five different types of clay taken from ponds located in the Northeast of Brazil, which are: Verde Lodo, Bofe and Chocolate, from Campina Grande, Boa Vista, PB, Brazil, and Lagoa de Dentro and S. Jorge, from Araripe's pole of plaster in PE, Brazil. In experimental scale the clays in natura were treated with a solution of sodium carbonate, to the exchange of poly-cations exist in their interlayer regions by the sodium cation, used different concentrations, temperature and time of contact, according to a experimental design 2³. In response to treatment with sodium carbonate, was reading the plastic viscosity (cP or mPa.s) of aqueous suspensions of this material with 4.86% by weight. The result showed that the Chocolate clay, in the best condition of the experimental design, has a plastic viscosity equal to 4 mPa.s and therefore was chosen as adsorbent material to continue the study. The Chocolate clay was subjected to a treatment with quaternary aµmonium salt, in two different concentrations, to cation exchange of sodium by quaternary aµmonium cations. After preparing the adsorbent material, were tested adsorptive equilibrium was verified the effect of the concentration of the quaternary aµmonium salt in the adsorptive process to removal of phenol. The adsorptive efficiency for a ratio (wt/vv) of 1 g of organophilic clay in 100 mL of phenolic solution, with initial concentrations between 20 and 110 mg.L-1, was approximately 70%.
organophilic clays; adsorption; phenol
