Application of univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes in clonal selection of <i>Eucalyptus</i> spp. for charcoal production

Fialho, Lucas de Freitas; Carneiro, Angélica de Cássia Oliveira; Figueiró, Clarissa Gusmão; Peres, Letícia Costa; Carneiro, Antônio Policarpo Souza; Surdi, Paula Gabriella

doi:10.5902/1980509840443

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Nota Técnica • Ciênc. Florest. 32 (3) • Jul-Sep 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509840443 copy

Application of univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes in clonal selection of Eucalyptus spp. for charcoal production

Aplicação de análises estatísticas univariada e multivariada na seleção clonal de Eucalyptus spp. para a produção de carvão vegetal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to select superior materials of Eucalyptus spp. using univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes. Twenty-five genetic materials from Eucalyptus spp. collected in Itamarandiba, Minas Gerais were used. The properties of wood and charcoal were determined for all genetic materials, in addition to the gravimetric yield. Data were submitted to Scott-Knott hierarchical clustering algorithm as univariate analysis. For the multivariate approach, a combination between principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis was used. Both analyzes were efficient in the selection of genetic materials for charcoal production. According to the Scott-Knott test, genetic materials 9 and 21 were the most suitable to produce charcoal. By means of the multivariate analyzes the most indicated were 9, 10 and 21. The Scott-Knott test allowed the visualization of the results of each quality parameter independently. On the other hand, the multivariate tools enabled the observation of the relation between the properties of wood and charcoal.

Keywords:
Statistical tools; Scott-Knott; Principal components; Hierarchical cluster; Charcoal quality improvement

Identification	Genetic Materials
1	Eucalyptus cloeziana
2 and 3	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus sp.
4, 5, 6, 7 and 10	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus sp.
8	Hybrid of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla
9	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus maidenii
11	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus sp. and E. globulus
12	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus maidenii
13	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus globulus
14	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus sp.
15	Hybrid of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla and Eucalyptus sp.
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus sp.
24 and 25	Hybrid of Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus sp.

	Parameters	Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV	Group V	Group VI
Wood	Mean Annual Increment (m³.ha^-1.year^-1)	7; 9; 18; 23; 21; 6; 19	3; 20; 11; 22; 10; 12	2; 17; 8; 13; 15	24; 14; 15; 4; 25; 1; 5	-	-
	Heartwood/sapwood ratio (%)	6	13; 7; 11; 9; 3; 16	12; 19	21; 4; 24; 25; 03; 5; 17; 23	1; 8; 18	10; 15; 14; 22
	Basic density (g.cm^-3)	13; 5; 2	1; 11; 9; 21; 24; 19; 15; 25	22; 4; 14; 10; 7; 20; 23; 18; 16; 17; 12	8; 3; 6	-	-
	Wall fraction (%)	2; 21; 16; 14; 5; 23; 20; 15; 22; 18; 24; 19; 4; 9	17; 13; 12; 8; 6; 3; 10; 11; 7; 1; 25	-	-	-	-
	Pore diameter (µm)	25; 14; 8; 6; 12; 5; 18; 4; 3; 19; 16; 22; 23; 11; 7; 15; 2; 13	17; 24; 9; 20; 21; 10	1	-	-	-
	Pore frequency (pores.mm^-2)	24	1; 4; 16; 21; 20	10; 5; 18; 15; 9; 25; 14; 22; 17; 12	3; 2; 23; 11; 19; 13; 7; 6; 8	-	-
	Carbon content (%)	13; 10; 12; 9; 25; 5; 19; 22; 24; 6; 21; 11; 20 2; 16; 23; 15	17; 14; 18; 7; 8; 4; 1; 3	-	-	-	-
	Hydrogen content (%)	14; 2; 8; 7; 4; 15; 5; 6; 11; 16; 18; 13; 1; 17; 9	19; 23; 12; 22; 24; 20; 10; 21; 25; 3	-	-	-	-
	Nitrogen content (%)	10; 21; 25; 11; 20; 9; 12; 22; 23; 6; 3	3; 1; 17; 19; 15; 5;2; 14; 16; 24; 13; 8; 18; 4; 7	-	-	-	-
	Sulphur content (%)	1; 18; 8; 14; 4; 2; 7; 6; 5; 17; 16; 19; 9	11; 25; 23; 12; 13; 3; 21; 10; 20; 15; 22; 24	-	-	-	-
	Oxygen content (%)	3; 1; 4 8; 7	18; 17; 23; 21; 14; 20; 15; 24; 16; 22; 1; 11; 19; 2; 25; 6; 5; 10; 9; 12; 13	-	-	-	-
	Total extractives content (%)	21	10; 19; 24; 20; 25; 9; 22; 16; 1	8; 7; 23; 18; 6; 13; 12; 5	2; 15; 4; 3; 11; 17; 14	-	-
	Total lignin content (%)	8; 6; 12; 5; 20; 17; 4; 14; 1; 18; 3; 13; 7; 25; 16; 1; 22; 2; 21; 15; 10; 23; 11; 9; 24	-	-	-	-	-
	Holocellulosis content (%)	12; 6; 8; 14; 17; 5; 4; 3; 2; 13; 18	7; 1; 20; 15; 11; 16; 22; 25; 19; 23; 9; 10; 21; 24	-	-	-	-
	Ash content (%)	12; 3; 19; 8; 2; 4; 13; 24; 1; 25; 21; 20; 14; 11; 7; 6; 23; 17; 16; 15; 5; 22; 9; 18; 10	-	-	-	-	-
	Higher heating value (MJ.kg^-1)	10; 25; 24; 22; 20; 17; 14; 19	21; 9; 12; 18; 16; 23; 2; 6; 13; 3; 8; 5; 7; 15; 1; 11; 4	-	-	-	-

	Parameters	Group I	Group II	Group III	Group IV	Group V	Group VI
Charcoal	Gravimetric yield (%)	9; 20; 10; 21; 25; 22; 13	3; 1; 10; 12; 5; 4; 24; 16; 8; 23; 7	6; 2; 17; 18; 11; 14; 15	-	-	-
	Apparent density (g.cm^-3)	21; 9; 11; 1; 10; 13; 4; 15; 25	23; 2; 6; 12; 8; 18; 7; 24; 17; 16; 19; 22; 14; 3; 20; 5	-	-	-	-
	Friability (%)	6; 7; 23; 9; 24; 13; 16; 25; 3; 11; 19; 12; 2; 17; 4	4; 21; 20; 10; 5; 18; 1; 15; 8; 14; 22	-	-	-	-
	Ash content (%)	15; 1; 22; 23; 13; 14	8; 17; 7; 25; 2; 18; 4; 5; 10; 11; 24; 9; 16; 6; 20; 19; 21; 3; 12	-	-	-	-
	Volatile matter content (%)	1; 10; 21; 24; 13; 8; 6; 22; 7; 12; 19; 5; 9; 23; 3; 20; 16; 15; 4; 25; 14; 2; 18; 11; 17	-	-	-	-	-
	Fixed carbon content (%)	17; 11; 18; 2; 14; 25; 15; 4; 23; 16; 20; 9; 3; 5; 19; 7; 12; 22; 8; 6; 13; 24; 21; 10; 1	-	-	-	-	-
	Higher heating value (MJ.kg^-1)	18; 23; 2; 9; 22; 17; 24; 14; 16; 13; 19; 8; 15; 6; 11; 3; 25; 5; 21; 4; 10; 20; 7; 12; 1	-	-	-	-	-

Parameters	Main Components
Parameters	PC 1	PC 2	PC 3	PC 4	PC 5	PC 6	PC 7	PC 8
Eigenvalues	2,38	2,12	1,23	0,91	0,57	0,43	0,22	0,14
Variance (%)	29,8	26,45	15,42	11,42	7,10	5,38	2,71	1,72
Cumulative variance (%)	29,8	56,25	71,67	83,09	90,19	95,57	98,28	100

Proprieties	Eigenvectors
Proprieties	PC 1	PC 2	PC 3
Mean annual increment (MAI)	-0,7	-0,09	0,4
Heartwood/sapwood ratio (HS)	-0,86	-0,14	-0,29
Basic density (BD)	0,16	0,5	-0,67
Frequency of pores (FREP)	0,51	0,57	-0,03
Extrative content (EXT)	-0,21	0,8	0,43
Yield in charcoal (YC)	-0,26	0,77	0,32
Apparently density of charcoal (AD)	-0,29	0,53	-0,45
Friability (FRIA)	-0,82	0,03	-0,24

Group	Genetic material	MAI	HS	BD	FREP	EXT	YC	AD	FRIA
I	22; 8	46,37	0,45	0,55	9,17	5,41	34,91	0,30	5,10
II	18; 17; 15; 14	46,50	0,48	0,55	11,18	3,50	33,03	0,31	5,94
III	5	29,98	0,58	0,60	11,94	4,28	34,75	0,26	6,11
IV	6	55,77	1,37	0,52	7,78	4,62	33,88	0,32	8,84
V	23; 12; 7; 3	54,46	0,82	0,54	9,41	4,41	34,58	0,30	7,81
VI	13; 11; 2	46,01	0,92	0,60	9,07	3,85	34,02	0,34	7,52
VII	21; 10	53,06	0,57	0,57	12,50	7,56	35,93	0,37	6,46
VIII	9	59,96	0,96	0,58	11,25	6,10	37,29	0,37	8,12
IX	20; 25; 19; 16	43,73	0,71	0,56	11,60	6,17	35,35	0,30	7,34
X	24; 4; 1	35,03	0,61	0,57	16,11	5,10	34,74	0,33	6,94

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Av. Roraima, 1.000, 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brasil, Tel. : (55 55)3220-8444 r.37, Fax: (55 55)3220-8444 r.22 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciaflorestal@ufsm.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] 1 - Lucas de Freitas Fialho

Forestry Engineer, Dr., Specialist in Forests. • l.freitasfialho@gmail.com