Callogenesis in <i>Myracrodruon urundeuva</i> Fr. All.

Silva, Tecla dos Santos; Carvalho Filho, Rosembrando Sosthenes Leite; Tanan, Tamara Torres; Rocha, Thaylane Carneiro; Santana, José Raniere Ferreira de

doi:10.5902/1980509831689

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Artigos • Ciênc. Florest. 30 (3) • Jul-Sep 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509831689 copy

Callogenesis in Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All.is a tree belonging to the family Anacardiaceae, popularly known as ‘aroeira-do-sertão’, which has potential for wood production and medicinal purposes but it is threatened with extinction. This work investigated the callogenesis of the species and biochemically analyzed the calli produced, aiming at further studies of somatic embryogenesis. Leaf explants were inoculated in MS culture medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.0, 2.5, 10.0 and 20.0 μM), kinetin (0.0, 2.5 and 5.0 μM) and glutamine (0.0, 0.34, 0.68 and 1.37 μM). For the growth curve, the fresh mass of explants with and without calli was determined until the 56^th day of culture, at intervals of 7 days. Reducing sugars (RS), sucrose and total soluble sugars (TSS) were measured at each growth curve period. The use of 2,4-D was efficient for callus induction in Myracrodruon urundeuva, and callogenesis was enhanced with the combination of 2,4-D, KIN and glutamine in the nutrient medium. The growth curve of the calli presented sigmoidal shape with five distinct phases: lag, exponential, linear, deceleration and stationary. The content of sucrose and TSS presented different behavior according to the different stages of callus growth, exhibiting accumulation of sugars in the period of preparation for growth, degradation in the exponential phase and once again accumulated these carbohydrates in the final stages (deceleration and stationary). The RS content, except day zero, remained stable during all evaluated periods. The calli of Myracrodruon urundeuva have embryogenic potential, but further studies are suggested to obtain somatic embryos, as well as to identify the period in which they are formed.

Keywords:
Aroeira-do-sertão; Carbohydrates; Medicinal plant; In vitro culture

Tabela 1 Porcentagem de explantes responsivos para formação de calos obtidos a partir de explantes foliares de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. aos 45 dias da inoculação submetidos a diferentes concentrações do ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D), cinetina (CIN) e glutamina

2,4-D (µM)	Glutamina (µM)
2,4-D (µM)	0,00	0,34	0,68	1,37
0,0 µM CIN
0,00	4,00aB	0,00aC	0,00aC	0,00aB
2,5	100,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA	96,00aA
5,0	100,00aA	72,00bB	56,00cB*	96,00aA
10,0	100,00aA	88,00aA	52,00bB*	100,00aA
20,0	100,00aA	100,00aA	96,00aA	100,00aA
2,5 µM CIN
0,00	0,00aB	0,00aC	0,00aB	0,00aB
2,5	100,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA
5,0	100,00aA	40,00bB*	100,00aA*	100,00aA
10,0	100,00aA	100,00aA	84,00bA*	100,00aA
20,0	100,00aA	100,00aA	96,00aA	100,00aA
5,0 µM CIN
0,00	4,00aB	0,00aC	0,00aC	0,00aB
2,5	92,00aA	80,00aB*	100,00aA	92,00aA
5,0	92,00aA	72,00bB	84,00bB*	100,00aA
10,0	100,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA*	100,00aA
20,0	92,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA	100,00aA

Tabela 2 Massa fresca dos explantes (mg) com e sem calos obtidos a partir de explantes foliares de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. aos 45 dias da inoculação com diferentes concentrações do ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D), cinetina (CIN) e glutamina

2,4-D (µM)	Glutamina (µM)
2,4-D (µM)	0,00	0,34	0,68	1,37
0,0 µM CIN
0,00	34,67aB	10,11aB	22,10aB	12,67aC
2,5	86,71aA	91,58aA	72,27aA*	74,10aA*
5,0	70,92aA	67,03aA	26,98bB*	71,02aA
10,0	65,60aA	73,67aA	36,39bB	67,52aA
20,0	37,92aB	37,78aB	52,71aA	44,65aB
2,5 µM CIN
0,00	30,08aB	10,05aB	23,44aC	25,52aB
2,5	66,68cA	97,10bA	166,73aA*	106,70bA*
5,0	73,93aA	32,66bB	79,93aB	47,63bB
10,0	61,28aA	72,31aA	62,59aB	75,77aA
20,0	44,08bB	28,56bB	40,90bC	98,19aA*
5,0 µM CIN
0,00	36,51aB	14,73aB	19,55aC	19,12aC
2,5	56,24bB	78,63bA	113,96aA*	41,21bC*
5,0	82,52bA	45,33cB	82,76bB	144,15aA*
10,0	50,87bB	79,30bA	112,41aA*	64,89bB
20,0	41,84aB	43,23aB	66,48aB	70,29aB

Tabela 3 Porcentagem de explantes que apresentaram em sua morfologia formações globulares obtidas a partir de explantes foliares de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. aos 45 dias da inoculação com diferentes concentrações do ácido 2,4-di

2,4-D (µM)	Glutamina (µM)
2,4-D (µM)	0,0	0,34	0,68	1,37
0,0 µM CIN
0,0	0,00aB	0,00aB	0,00aB	0,00aB
2,5	45,00aA	30,00aA	36,00aA	60,00aA
5,0	4,00aB	8,00aB	0,00aB	4,00aB
10,0	4,00aB	0,00aB	4,00aB	4,00aB*
20,0	12,00bB	35,00aA*	0,00bB	8,00bB
2,5 µM CIN
0,0	0,00aB	0,00aC	0,00aB	0,00aC
2,5	54,00bB	100,00aA*	48,00bA	80,00aA
5,0	28,00aA	15,00aC	8,00aB	8,00aC
10,0	4,00bB	15,00bC	20,00bB	48,00aB
20,0	32,00bA	60,00aB	68,00aA*	88,00aA*
5,0 µM CIN
0,0	0,00aB	0,00aC	0,00aB	0,00aC
2,5	52,00aA	36,00bB	56,00aA	24,00bB*
5,0	20,00bB	28,00bB	12,00Bb	52,00aA*
10,0	0,00cB	60,00aA*	28,00Bb	45,00aA
20,0	4,00bB	80,00aA	12,00Bb	28,00bB

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[TFN1] Fonte: Autores (2017).

[TFN2] Em que: Médias seguidas pela mesma letra minúscula na mesma linha e maiúscula na coluna em relação a cada concentração de CIN não diferem estatisticamente entre si ao nível de 5% de probabilidade pelo teste Scott-Knott. Médias seguidas por * diferem das demais entre as concentrações de CIN em relação às concentrações respectivas de 2,4-D e GLU ao nível de 5% de probabilidade pelo teste Scott-Knott.