Comparison of the occurrence of signs and symptoms of vocal and change discomfort in the vocal tract in teachers from different levels of education

Limoeiro, Fernanda Muniz Haddad; Ferreira, Ana Elisa Moreira; Zambon, Fabiana; Behlau, Mara

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Original Article • CoDAS 31 (2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018115 copy

Comparison of the occurrence of signs and symptoms of vocal and change discomfort in the vocal tract in teachers from different levels of education

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To analyze and compare the occurrence of signs and symptoms of voice and vocal tract discomfort in teachers from different educational levels.

Methods

There were 112 teachers, of both sexes, of different grade levels, as follows: 38 of kindergarten, 28 of elementary I, 18 elementary school II and 28 high school. Participants self-rated their voices and answered a questionnaire of personal characteristics and work, Signs and Symptoms Vocal Check list, the Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (frequency scale). The data were statistically analyzed according to the teaching levels using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson’s Chi-Square test (p < 0.05).

Results

In high school, the median age and the frequency of male teachers was significantly higher than in other levels of education. There was no difference in the vocal self-assessment, the occurrence of vocal signs and symptoms and frequency of vocal tract discomfort, depending on the level of education of teachers.

Conclusion

It is concluded that there was no difference in the occurrence of signs and symptoms of voice and vocal tract discomfort in teachers from different educational levels.

Keywords
Self-assessment; Voice Disorders; Faculty; Occupational Health; Voice

Educational Stage	N	Average	SD	Q1	Median	Q3	p-value
PS	38	39.05	12.61	28	39.5	49	0.047*
ES	28	39.32	10.78	30	40	49.5
MS	18	40.44	11.36	31	38.5	46
HS	28	47.25	12.85	34.5	50	58

Educational Stage	Gender				p-value
	Male		Female
	N	%	N	%
PS	0	0	38	100	<0.001*
ES	2	7.14	26	92.86
MS	6	33.33	12	66.67
HS	17	60.71	11	39.29

Educational Stages	Vocal Self-evaluation						p-value
Educational Stages	N	Average	SD	Q1	Median	Q3	p-value
PS	38	3.05	0.96	2	3	3	0.904
ES	28	2.86	0.65	3	3	3
MS	18	2.94	0.94	2	3	3
HS	28	3	0.94	2.5	3	4

Educational Stages	VTD						p-value
Educational Stages	N	Average	SD	Q1	Median	Q3	p-value
Burning
PS	38	1.05	1.16	0	2	2	0.888
ES	28	1.14	1.53	0	0	2
MS	18	1.22	1.26	0	0	2
HS	28	0.96	1.2	0	0	2
Tightness
PS	38	0.66	1.07	0	0	2	0.857
ES	28	0.79	1.4	0	0	1
MS	18	0.78	1.17	0	1	3
HS	28	0.61	1.13	0	0	1
Dryness
PS	38	2.89	1.56	1	2	4	0.297
ES	28	2.54	1.73	1	2	4
MS	18	2.17	1.34	1	2	3
HS	28	2.18	1.59	1	2	3
Aching
PS	38	1.71	1.47	0	2	3	0.827
ES	28	1.46	1.62	0	1	2
MS	18	1.56	1.54	0	1	2
HS	28	1.46	1.53	0	1	3
Tickling
PS	38	1.08	1.32	0	1	2	0.339
ES	28	1.36	1.47	0	1	2
MS	18	1.39	1.42	0	1	2
HS	28	0.89	1.34	0	0	2
Soreness
PS	38	1.55	1.67	0	0	3	0.922
ES	28	1.54	1.86	0	1	2
MS	18	1.56	1.79	0	1	2
HS	28	1.21	1.42	0	1	2
Irritable throat
PS	38	1.76	1.53	0	2	2	0.758
ES	28	2.04	2.05	0	2	3.5
MS	18	1.5	1.65	0	1	2
HS	28	1.68	1.74	0	1	3
Lump in the throat
PS	38	0.78	1.4	0	0	2	0.293
ES	28	1.29	1.78	0	0	2.5
MS	18	0.59	1	0	0	1
HS	28	0.41	0.84	0	0	1
Total							0.730
PS	38	10.72	7.98	5.00	8.50	15.00
ES	28	9.39	7.22	2.50	8.00	15.50
MS	18	12.14	10.96	2.50	10.50	18.00
HS	28	11.45	7.85	4.00	11.50	16.00

SSVC	No		Yes		Yes		p-value
	No		Ever experienced		Job related
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Hoarseness
PS	18	47.37	8	21.05	12	31.58	0.260
ES	14	50	4	14.29	10	35.71
MS	11	61.11	2	11.11	5	27,.8
HS	15	53.57	0	0	13	46.43
Voice tires or changes quality after short use
PS	19	50	5	13.16	14	36.84	0.535
ES	16	57.14	3	10.71	9	32.14
MS	12	66.67	0	0	6	33.3
HS	19	67.86	1	3.57	8	28.57
Trouble speaking or singing softly
PS	24	63.16	7	18,.2	7	18.42	0.378
ES	14	51.85	7	25.93	6	22.22
MS	12	66.67	1	5.56	5	27.78
HS	21	75	2	7.14	5	17.86
Difficulty projecting voice
PS	26	68.42	3	7.89	9	23.68	0.499
ES	22	78.57	4	14.29	2	7.14
MS	12	66.67	2	11.11	4	22.22
HS	16	57.14	5	17.86	7	25
Loss of singing range
PS	15	40.54	13	35.14	9	24.32	0.859
ES	12	44.44	12	44.44	3	11.11
MS	8	44.44	6	33.33	4	22.22
HS	12	42.86	12	42.86	4	14.29
Discomfort while using voice
PS	27	72.97	2	5.41	8	21.62	0.899
ES	20	71.43	2	7.14	6	21.43
MS	13	76.47	0	0	4	23.53
HS	23	82.14	1	3.57	4	14,29
A monotone voice
PS	34	91.89	0	0	3	8.11	0,.68
ES	24	85.71	3	10.71	1	3.57
MS	17	94.44	1	5.56	0	0
HS	25	89.29	0	0	3	10.71
Effort to talk
PS	28	73.68	2	5.26	8	21.05	0.180
ES	23	82.14	3	10.71	2	7.14
MS	11	61.11	1	5.56	6	33.33
HS	19	67.86	0	0	9	32.14
Chronic throat dryness
PS	10	26.32	12	31.58	16	42.11	0.255
ES	9	32.14	6	21.43	13	46.43
MS	8	44.44	2	11.11	8	44.44
HS	12	42.86	2	7.14	14	50
Chronic throat soreness
PS	25	65.79	6	15.79	7	18.42	0.674
ES	18	66.67	3	11.11	6	22.22
MS	13	72.22	0	0	5	27.78
HS	18	64.29	2	7.14	8	28.57
Frequent throat clearing
PS	23	60.53	9	23.68	6	15.79	0.347
ES	12	42.86	6	21.43	10	35.71
MS	10	55.56	3	16.67	5	27.78
HS	18	64.29	2	7.14	8	28.57
Bitter or acid taste
PS	33	86.84	5	13.16	0	0	0.151
ES	20	71.43	3	10.71	5	17.86
MS	16	88.89	1	5.56	1	5.56
HS	24	85.71	1	3.57	3	10.71
Swallowing difficulties
PS	34	89.47	3	7.89	1	2.63	0.830
ES	25	89.29	1	3.57	2	7.14
MS	17	94.44	1	5.56	0	0
HS	25	89.29	1	3.57	2	7.14
A wobbly or shaky voice
PS	30	78.95	4	10.53	4	10.53	0.556
ES	21	75	1	3.57	6	21.43
MS	15	83.33	2	11.11	1	5.56
HS	24	85.71	1	3.57	3	10.71

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[1] Conflict of interests: nothing to declare.