Narrative evaluation strategies as metacognitive task in subjects with schizophrenia

Barra, Alicia Figueroa; Mac-Kay, Ana Paula Machado Goyano; Lara, Eduardo Durán

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Original Article • CoDAS 30 (3) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182017084 copy

Narrative evaluation strategies as metacognitive task in subjects with schizophrenia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

This study aims to explore the differences in the evaluative component of the narrative structure in subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to subjects diagnosed with affective psychosis.

Methods

The present investigation was descriptive, not experimental and it included the analysis of the narration evaluative components of interviews of 25 individuals with psychiatric diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia and 25 of chronic affective psychosis, matched by age, gender and sociodemographic characteristics.

Results

The relationship between diagnosis and type of evaluation showed statistically significant results with a chi square value of 39.880a (p <0.00). It was possible to observe that in the schizophrenia there is a greater inhibition in the elaboration of expressions that imply opinions and that narratives tended to identify facts regardless of how they affected subjects, suggesting a limitation of intersubjective function.

Conclusion

The diagnostic variable confirms that in schizophrenia there is a functional deterioration in the process of elaborating narrative structures especially in the articulation of the evaluative component. In the case of the affective psychosis group, superficial dysfunctions were manifested, without compromising their performance in the evaluation of narratives.

Keywords
Evaluation; Schizophrenia; Affective Psychotic Disorders; Narration; Metacognition

	CHAINED (3 points)	EXTERNAL (2 points)	SUSPENTION OF THE ACTION (1 point)	NARRATION BY THE FACT (0 point)
DISCURSIVE CHARACTERISTICS	The evaluations intermingle and express feelings and emotions that occur when narrating. They often take the form of a monologue.	It consists in the interruption of the story in order to explain to the interlocutor where the purpose of the story is. It is often done at the beginning and takes the form of a revision.	The emphasis is on a particular point in the story. It often takes the form of a brief comment.	It corresponds to the description of the actions that take place between the interlocutors (about what they say).
	Evaluation with explicit emotional self-regulation.	Evaluation with restricted emotional self-regulation	Evaluation with implicit emotional self-regulation	Absence of evaluation.
MARKERS	Explicit relationship between lived experience and morbid process.	Explicit, but discordant relationship between lived experience and morbid process.	Implicit relationship between some aspects of lived experience and morbid process (secondary level).	Distant relationship between lived experience and morbid process.
	The explanatory, comparative or intensifying elements are presented in the first person and include the expression of feelings	Identification of the causes and consequences of the morbid process and life experience are restricted to some aspects and are limited to the expression of feelings.	A specific aspect of the narrative is prioritized and the evaluation occurs indirectly.	The narrator, as a witness who reports the actions of others, is not involved from a personal perspective.

GROUP	n	Gender		Years/ Schooling		Occupation
		H	M	8	12	With remunerated activity	Without remunerated activity ^* * (1) Unemployed- (2) Home Owner- (3) Student
		H	M	8	12	With remunerated activity	1	2	3
G1-EC	25	13	12	40%	60%	12%	48%	40%	0%
G2-PA	25	14	11	52%	48%	8%	64%	12%	16%
TOTALES	50	25	25

	Types of Evaluation
Diagnose	CHAINED	EXTERNAL	SUSPENTION OF THE ACTION	NARRATION BY THE FACT
G1-EC	(5) 10%	(18) 36%	(10) 20%	(17) 34%
G2-PA	(20) 80%	(1) 5%	(4) 15%	(0) 0.0%

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[1] Conflict of interests: nothing to declare.