Vocal handicap index in popular and erudite professional singers

Loiola-Barreiro, Camila Miranda; Silva, Marta Assumpção de Andrada e

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20162015226

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Original Articles • CoDAS 28 (05) • Oct 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015226 copy

Vocal handicap index in popular and erudite professional singers

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Purpose

To compare the voice handicap index of popular and erudite professional singers according to gender, age, professional experience time, and presence or absence of self-reported vocal complaints.

Methods

One hundred thirty-two professional singers, 74 popular and 58 erudite, who responded to a questionnaire with regards to identification, age, gender, professional experience time in singing, musical genres (for popular singers), vocal classification (for erudite singers), presence of self-reported vocal complaints, and the specific protocols for popular (Modern Singing Handicap Index - MSHI) and erudite (Classical Singing Handicap Index - CSHI) singing.

Results

Higher proportion of women and higher incidence of vocal complaints were observed in the popular singers compared with the erudite singers. Most of the popular singers belonged to the genre of Brazilian Popular Music. Regarding the classification of erudite singers, there was greater participation of sopranos and tenors. No statistical differences were observed with respect to age and professional experience time between the groups. Comparison of the MSHI and CSHI scores showed no statistically significant difference between these scores and genre or age in both groups of singers. Professional experience time was related to the total score and the subscales disability and impairment in the MSHI, only for popular singers with vocal complaints. There was no correlation between these variables and the CSHI for erudite singers.

Conclusion

The impact of vocal difficulty/problem interferes differently in these two musical genres when related to vocal complaint and professional experience time. The MSHI and CSHI protocols proved to be important tools not only for the identification of problems, but also for the understanding of how these individuals relate their voices with this occupational activity.

Keywords:
Voice; Singing; Professional Competence; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences

	MSHI								p ^* * Mann-Whitney test	CSHI								p ^* * Mann-Whitney test
	Male				Female					Male				Female
	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max		N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max
Total score (%)	24	28.1 (26.0)	20.4	0.8-79.2	50	17.7 (14.5)	13.3	0.0-50.8	0.260	30	20.3 (21.7)	15	0.0-80.0		19.9 (22.5)	17.7	0.0-80.0	0.988
Subclass Disability (%)	24	9.0 (8.6)	5.8	0.0-26.7	50	5.4 (4.9)	4.2	0.0-20.0	0.148	30	7.1 (7.8)	3.3	0.0-29.2	28	7.0 (7.2)	3.3	0.0-25.8	0.876
Subclass Handicap (%)	24	7.8 (8.3)	4.6	0.0-25.8	50	4.2 (4.3)	2.9	0.0-16.7	0.350	30	5.2 (6.0)	2.9	0.0-20.8	28	5.7 (7.1)	2.9	0.0-26.7	0.838
Subclass	24	11.4 (10.0)	9.2	0.0-29.2	50	8.1 (6.6)	7.5	0.0-23.3	0.282	30	7.9 (8.5)	6.3	0.0-31.7	28	7.3 (8.6)	3.8	0.0-27.5	0.656
Impairment (%)	24	11.4 (10.0)	9.2	0.0-29.2	50	8.1 (6.6)	7.5	0.0-23.3	0.282	30	7.9 (8.5)	6.3	0.0-31.7	28	7.3 (8.6)	3.8	0.0-27.5	0.656

	Age					p ^* * Spearman test	Professional experience time in singing
	MSHI		p ^* * Spearman test	CSHI			MSHI		p ^* * Spearman test	CSHI		p ^* * Spearman test
	n	r	p ^* * Spearman test	n	r		n	r	p ^* * Spearman test	n	r	p ^* * Spearman test
Total score (%)	74	-0.24	0.037	58	-0.07	0.594	74	-0.40	<0.001	58	-0.17	0.197
Subclass Disability (%)	74	-0.22	0.055	58	-0.17	0.216	74	-0.37	0.001	58	-0.24	0.075
Subclass Handicap (%)	74	-0.21	0.077	58	-0.04	0.767	74	-0.40	<0.001	58	-0.13	0.346
Subclass Impairment (%)	74	-0.26	0.028	58	-0.03	0.820	74	-0.36	0.002	58	-0.13	0.348

	MSHI								p ^* * Mann-Whitney test	CSHI								p ^* * Mann-Whitney test
	Without complaint				With complaint					Without complaint				With complaint
	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max		N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max	N	$\bar{X}$ (sd)	median	Min-Max
Total score (%)	40	10.6 (13.0)	5.8	0.0-60.8	34	33.4 (18.8)	33.3	7.5-79.2	<0.001	44	12.7 (14.5)	7.5	0.0-78.3	14	43.5 (25.0)	42.1	12.5-80.8	< 0.001
Subclass Disability (%)	40	3.2 (3.7)	2.5	0.0- 18.3	34	10.5 (6.9)	8.8	1.7-26.7	<0.001	44	4.5 (5.2)	3.3	0.0-25.8	14	14.9 (8.1)	12.5	5.0-29.2	< 0.001
Subclass Handicap (%)	40	2.5 (4.2)	0.8	0.0-18.3	34	8.8 (6.3)	7.5	0.0-25.8	<0.001	44	3.3 (4.1)	2.1	0.0-20.8	14	12.2 (8.1)	12.1	2.5-26.7	< 0.001
Subclass Impairment (%)	40	5.0 (6.1)	2.1	0.0-24.2	34	14.1 (7.0)	13.8	3.3-29.2	<0.001	44	4.9 (6.0)	2.9	0.0-31.7	14	16.4 (9.3)	17.1	2.5-30.8	< 0.001

	Variable	MSHI
		Without complaint			p ^* * Linear regression analysis	With complaint			p ^* * Linear regression analysis
		N	β	CI₉₅%	p ^* * Linear regression analysis	N	β	CI₉₅%	p ^* * Linear regression analysis
Total score (%)	Age	40	-0.1	-0.58 ; 0.38	0.671	34	0.42	-0.13 ; 1.83	0.087
	Time in singing	40	-0.01	-0.55 ; 0.54	0.979	34	-0.53	-2.28 ; -0.10	0.033
Subclass	Age	40	-0.09	-0.16 ; 0.11	0.695	34	0.40	-0.06 ; 0.67	0.101
Disability (%)	Time in singing	40	0.01	-0.16 ; 0.16	0.991	34	-0.5	-0.82 ; -0.01	0.043
Subclass	Age	40	-0.13	-0.20 ; 0.11	0.556	34	0.40	-0.06 ; 0.60	0.110
Handicap (%)	Time in singing	40	0.05	-0.16 ; 0.19	0.831	34	-0.45	-0.71 ; 0.03	0.068
Subclass	Age	40	-0.06	-0.25 ; 0.19	0.791	34	0.37	-0.09 ; 0.65	0.131
Impairment (%)	Time in singing	40	-0.05	-0.28 ; 0.23	0.834	34	-0.51	-0.84 ; -0.02	0.040

	Variable	CSHI
		Without complaint			p	With complaint			p
		N	β	CI₉₅%	p	N	β	CI₉₅%	p
Score	Professional experience time in singing	44	-0.21	-0.67 ; 0.25	0.357	14	0.09	-1.36 ; 1.53	0.989
Total (%)	Professional experience time in singing	44	-0.21	-0.67 ; 0.25	0.357	14	0.09	-1.36 ; 1.53	0.989
Subclass	Professional experience time in singing	44	-0.11	-0.28 ; 0.05	0.182	14	-0.02	-0.49 ; 0.45	0.932
Disability (%)	Professional experience time in singing	44	-0.11	-0.28 ; 0.05	0.182	14	-0.02	-0.49 ; 0.45	0.932

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[1] Conflict of interests: nothing to declare.