Molecular prevalence and factors associated with <i>Babesia vogeli</i> infection in dogs in the Cerrado Mato-Grossense region of Brazil

Castro, Vanessa Vieira; Ayres, Eveline da Cruz Boa Sorte; Canei, Darlan Henrique; Pereira, Mariana Elisa; Sousa, Valéria Régia Franco; Chitarra, Cristiane Silva; Dutra, Valéria; Nakazato, Luciano; Almeida, Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190389

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PARASITOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 50 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190389 linkcopy

Molecular prevalence and factors associated with Babesia vogeli infection in dogs in the Cerrado Mato-Grossense region of Brazil

Prevalência molecular e fatores associados à infecção por Babesia vogeli em cães do cerrado Mato-Grossense

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Canine babesiosis is a common haemoparasitosis in Brazil. Caused by parasites of the genus Babesia, it is transmitted by ixodid ticks and affects domestic and wild canids. The objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of Babesia species (spp.) using molecular methods in dogs living in urban and rural areas of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and to identify the main factors associated with infection. A total of 407 samples from 407 dogs were evaluated using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, among which Babesia species (spp.) was amplified in 10 (2.5%). Although, no statistical association was found among the variables studied (p>0.05), greater positivity was observed in dogs<1 year of age, male sex, those with free access to the street, and the presence of ticks. PCR samples positive for Babesia spp. were submitted to sequencing and compared in GenBank and exhibited a high degree of similarity with Babesia vogeli sequences.

Key words:
babesiosis; molecular identification; Cuiaba

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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[TFN2] N, number of animals; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CRD - With defined Breed; SRD - Without defined Breed;

Variables	N	Positive (%)	Univariate Analysis	Multivariate Analysis
			p / OR (CI)	p
Sex
Male	221	7 (3.2)	0.249	0.31
Female	186	3 (1.6)	0.50 (0.11-1.7)
Breed
CRD	77	2 (2.6)	0.59	0.93
SRD	330	8 (2.4)	1.07 (0.33-4.74)
Age
Indefinite age	23	0 (0.0)	0.56	0.58
<1 year	57	3 (5.3)
1-3years	152	3 (2.0)
3-6years	112	3 (2.7)
>6 years	63	1 (1.6)
Access to the street
No	131	2 (1.5)	0.32	0.40
Yes	276	8 (2.9)	1.92 (0.49-5.59)
Tick
No	74	2 (2.7)	0.56	0.88
Yes	333	8 (2.4)	0.88 (0.22-2.66)
City Origin
Cuiabá	378	10 (2.6)	0.47	0.37
Others	29	0 (0.0)	0.92 (0.90-0.95)
Dog habitat
Indoor	6	0 (0.0)	0.86	0.69
Outdoor	401	10 (2.5)	0.98 (0.97-0.99)
Vegetation at home
No	70	1 (1.4)	0.46	0.54
Yes	337	9 (2.7)	1.89 (0.31-3.10)
Residence Area
Rural Area	112	2 (1.8)	0.45	0.59
Urban Area	295	8 (2.7)	0.65 (0.21-2.61)
Inseticide use
No	342	9 (2.6)	0.50	0.60
Yes	65	1 (1.5)	0.57 (0.34-3.19)