Embryo transfer (ET) has been used in horses for at least twenty years, always from a single ovulation. In order to increase reproductive efficiency this study evaluated embryo splitting as an alternative, to improve pregnancy rates in horse embryo transfer. Twenty-one mares of different genetic groups, aged between 4 and 15 yrs, and weighing 270 to 480kg were used. Estrus was identified using a teaser and the animals were monitored with transrectal ultrasonography exams until ovulation (donors were examined three times a day and recipients once a day). The recipients ovulated one day prior, or up to 3 days after, the donors. Donors were collected between 144 and 155 hours after ovulation. A total of 20 embryos (morulas) in 29 collections (68.96%) were recovered, 10 embryos were transferred intact (T1) and 10 split in two (T2), giving rise to 20 half-embryos, which were then transferred to 20 recipients. No differences in pregnancy rates were found between groups (T1: 70% (7/10) and T2: 50% (10/20) P>0.05). Looking at the original number of embryos, there was a significant difference in pregnancy rate (70% vs 100% for T1 and T2 respectively P<0.05). These results show the possibility of increasing the number of gestations using embryo splitting and transfer in horses per embryo collected. This technique may improve pregnancy indices for ET in horses.
gestation; half-embryos; pregnancy; production index