Maniçoba for sheep and goats - forage yield, conservation strategies, animal performance and quality of products

Gomes, Maria Letícia Rodrigues; Alves, Fabiana Castro; Silva Filho, José Renaldo Vilar da; Souza, Clesio Morgado de; Silva, Maria Naiara Pereira da; Santana Junior, Roberto Araújo; Souza, Luara Coelho de; Voltolini, Tadeu Vinhas

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20201096

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

animal production • Cienc. Rural 52 (3) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20201096 copy

Maniçoba for sheep and goats - forage yield, conservation strategies, animal performance and quality of products

Maniçoba para ovinos e caprinos: produção de forragem, estratégias de conservação, desempenho do animal e qualidade dos produtos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

In dry regions worldwide, providing feed for ruminants has been a great challenge, with a need to use plants which contribute to the resilience of production systems. Maniçoba is seen as a potential forage resource in the Brazilian semiarid, being used as hay or silage to feed ruminants. This review summarized results regarding forage production of maniçoba, in addition to dry matter (DM) intake, productive performance, and quality of animal products obtained providing maniçoba based diets, when compared to diets composed by other roughages for goats and sheep. Considering the evaluated studies, the average yield of maniçoba varied from 367 to 1,592 kg DM ha^-1, enhancing the forage yield by increasing plant fertilization and planting density. Diets based on maniçoba promoted similar or higher intake of DM and productive performance for goats and sheep, when compared to diets comprising other forage resources. The quality of animal products was also similar to the ones obtained with diets based on traditional roughages, such as Tifton 85 hay or spineless cactus. Therefore, maniçoba allows a forage production that may contribute to ruminant production systems in semiarid environment and promote productive performance and animal product quality compatible to the ones provided by traditional forage plants.

Key words:
forage alternative; forage resource; wild cassava; Manihot; cyanogenic plant.

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Editors:

Rudi Weiblen

Henrique Mendonça Nunes Ribeiro Fiho

Mean productivity	---Maximum productivity---	----Cutting interval----	---------Municipality--------	--------Rainfall--------
456¹	626	240	Areia-PB	893.5^*
471²	1,800	1,095	Cubatí-PB	321
367³	462	152	Campina Grande-PB	765
1,178⁴	1,746	120-240	Areia-PB	893.5-1,163
1,592⁵	3,733	365-456	Petrolina-PE	937^**

---------------------------------------------------------------------Contents (g kg of DM)----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fractions	---------------in natura-------------	---------------Hay----------------	-------------Silage-------------	----Overall average----
Fractions	Mean Min. - Max.	Mean Min. - Max.	Mean Min. - Max.	----Overall average----
CP	173.8	141.1	154.7	156.5
CP	110.9 - 227.5^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}	90.8 - 196.0^{2,12,13,14,15,16,17}	125.0 - 188.0^{5,6,18,19,20,21}	156.5
Ash	76.4	76.9	85.0	79.4
Ash	61.0 - 142.8^{,2,3,4,5,6,8,10,11}	61.7 - 99.5^{2,12,13,15,16,17}	71.5 - 97.8^{5,6,18,19,20,21}	79.4
EE	42.1	50.3	39.3	43.9
EE	20.6 - 102.0^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11}	22.0 - 99.6^{2,12,13,14,15,17}	29.8 - 62.0^{5,6,18,19,20,21}	43.9
NDF	449.8	475.5	494.8	473.4
NDF	359.0 - 557.1^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11}	355.0 - 586.0^{2,12,13,14,17}	400.2 - 584.5^,6,20,21	473.4
ADF	337.3	351.8	375.7	354.9
ADF	264.5 - 466.5^{1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}	279.0 - 462.7^{2,12,13,14,15,16,17}	264.6 - 473.0^5,6,20,21	354.9
HEM	129.0	113.0	133.9	125.3
HEM	95.0 - 189.8^1,4,8,10	113.0 - 113.0¹²	57.0 - 210.8^6,19	125.3
CELL	197.1	258.7	238.6	231.5
CELL	116.2 - 242.0^1,4,10	230.3 - 287.0^12,14	191.2 - 286.0^6,19	231.5
LIG	106.6	113.1	108.0	109.2
LIG	65.1 - 141.4^,2,3,4,6,7	93.0 - 171.0^{2,12,14,15,16,17}	78.5 - 182.0^6,19,20,21

Mineral	------------------------------------------------Contents (g kg^-1 DM)----------------------------------------------------
	----------------Mean---------------	--------------Minimum------------	--------------Maximum---------------
Nitrogen^1,2	30.74	17.26	40.30
Phosphorus⁴	2.54	1.46	4.28
Potassium ⁴	13.75	4.10	20.48
Calcium³	4.65	3.54	13.50
Magnesium³	4.45	3.60	5.45
Sulfur²	1.85	1.80	1.90

Micromineral	-----------------------------------------------Contents (mg kg^-1 DM)----------------------------------------------
	----------------Mean---------------	--------------Minimum-------------	---------------Maximum--------------
Boron	14.40	9.46	18.6
Copper	20.40	17.72	22.04
Iron	239.13	125.19	644.10
Manganese	111.00	91.48	146.97
Zinc	129.61	106.15	228.75
Sodium	2,548.33	1,970.00	3,280.00

DMI (g animal^-1 day^-1)		--------Animal specie-------	-------------------------Reference-------------------------
Maniçoba	----Others roughages----
----------------------------------------------------------------------------Hay--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
839.8	799.04¹	Sheep	LIMA JÚNIOR et al. (2014LIMA JÚNIOR, D. M. et al. Effect of the replacement of Tifton 85 with maniçoba hay on the performance of Morada Nova hair sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production, v. 46, p. 995-1000, 2014. Available from: <Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0600-y >. Accessed: Dec. 16, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0600-... )
544.2	415.9¹	Goat	LIMA JÚNIOR et al. (2015aLIMA JÚNIOR, D. M. et al. Maniçoba hay feeding Moxotó goats. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias, v. 36, n. 3, p. 2211-2222, 2015a. Available from: <Available from: http://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n3Supl1p2211 >. Accessed: Jan. 12, 2020. http://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36... )
545	579³	Goat	MOREIRA et al. (2008MOREIRA, J. N. et al. Roughages alternatives for growing goats. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, v. 9, n. 3, p. 1398-1398, 2008. Available from: <Available from: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20093272543 >. Accessed: Nov. 14, 2020. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abst... )
545	178^4*	Goat	MOREIRA et al. (2008MOREIRA, J. N. et al. Roughages alternatives for growing goats. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, v. 9, n. 3, p. 1398-1398, 2008. Available from: <Available from: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20093272543 >. Accessed: Nov. 14, 2020. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abst... )
1,168.5	1,060.1^1**	Sheep	MACIEL et al. (2019MACIEL, M. DO V. et al. Maniçoba hay or silage replaces Tifton 85 hay in spineless cactus diets for sheep. Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences, v. 41, n. 1, p. 1-6, 2019. Available from: <Available from: http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.4255 3>. Accessed: Mar. 27, 2020. http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v4... )
1,066.9²	1,060.1¹	Sheep	MACIEL et al. (2019MACIEL, M. DO V. et al. Maniçoba hay or silage replaces Tifton 85 hay in spineless cactus diets for sheep. Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences, v. 41, n. 1, p. 1-6, 2019. Available from: <Available from: http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.4255 3>. Accessed: Mar. 27, 2020. http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v4... )

Levels (% DM)	-----Dry Matter Intake (g day^-1)----	-------Animal specie-------	------------------Reference------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------Maniçoba hay------------------------------------------------------------------
30	591.0	Sheep	ARAÚJO et al. (2004ARAÚJO, G. G. L. et al. Voluntary intake and performance of lambs fed with different maniçoba hay dietary levels. Revista Ciência Agronômica, v. 35, n. 1, p. 123-130, 2004. Available from: <Available from: http://www.cpatsa.embrapa.br/public_eletronica/downloads/OPB1177.pdf >. Accessed: Nov. 12, 2020. http://www.cpatsa.embrapa.br/public_elet... )^1*
40	604.0
50	633.0
60	683.0
70	710.0
20	1240.0	Sheep	SILVA et al. (2007SILVA, D. S. et al. Maniçoba hay in diets for sheep: Intake, apparent digestibility and nitrogen balance. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 36, n. 5 SUPPL., p. 1685-1690, 2007. Available from: <Available from: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007000700029 >. Accessed: May. 8, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-3598200700... )¹
40	1240.0
60	1200.0
80	1300.0
20	1160.0	Sheep	CASTRO et al. (2007CASTRO, J. M. C. et al. Performance of Santa Inês lambs fed total mixed rations containing different ratios of concentrate to ceara rubbertree hay. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 36, n. 3, p. 674-680, 2007. Available from: <Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007000300022 >. Accessed: Nov. 12, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007... )¹
40	1280.0
60	1220.0
80	1190.0
30	1940.0	Goat	ARAÚJO et al. (2009aARAÚJO, M. J. et al. Intake and digestibility of nutrients in Moxotó dairy goats fed diets with different Maniçoba hay levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 38, n. 6, p. 1088-1095, 2009a. Available from: <Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982009000600017 >. Accessed: Oct. 20, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982009... )¹
40	2060.0
50	1910.0
60	1910.0
0	845.8	Sheep	MENDONÇA JÚNIOR et al. (2008MENDONÇA JÚNIOR, A. F. et al. Evaluation of the chemical composition, Intake and in vivo digestibilidade of the diets with different levels of maniçoba hay (Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg.), fed to sheep. Revista de Biologia e Ciências da Terra, v. 8, n. 1, p. 32-41, 2008. Available from: <Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=50080103 >. Accessed: May. 29, 2020. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=5... )²
50	912.8
100	960.6
0	1290.0	Sheep	SANTOS et al. (2021)¹
10	1270.0
20	1240.0
30	1430.0
0	1022.8	Sheep	MOURA et al. (2020MOURA, M. DE S. C. et al. The inclusion of spineless cactus in the diet of lambs increases fattening of the carcass. Meat Science, v. 160, p. 107975, 2020. Available from: <Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107975 >. Acessed: Jul. 8, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.107975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.1... )¹
20	1146.0
40	1183.4
60	1134.8
--------------------------------------------------------------------Maniçoba silage---------------------------------------------------------------
60	470.0	Goats	LOIOLA FILHO et al. (2012)¹
70	500.0
80	470.0
90	430.0
25	957.0	Goats	MATIAS et al. (2020)^2*
50	1113.0
75	1127.0
100	1220.0

------------------------------------------------------------------Average weight gain (g day^-1)----------------------------------------------------------------
Animal specie	-----Maniçoba-----	-------Others roughages------	-Inclusion level (% DM)-	--------------Reference---------------
Sheep	122.0⁵	139.0^1,5	40	LIMA JÚNIOR et al. (2015bLIMA JÚNIOR, D. M. et al. Body weight components of Morada Nova haier sheep fed Maniçoba or Tifton hay. Revista Caatinga, v. 28, n. 1, p. 239-246, 2015b. Available from: <Available from: https://periodicos.ufersa.edu.br/index.php/caatinga/article/view/3657 >. Accessed: Jan. 12, 2020. https://periodicos.ufersa.edu.br/index.p... )
Sheep	146.1⁸	153.3¹	30
Sheep	135.3	153.3¹	30	MACIEL et al. (2019MACIEL, M. DO V. et al. Maniçoba hay or silage replaces Tifton 85 hay in spineless cactus diets for sheep. Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences, v. 41, n. 1, p. 1-6, 2019. Available from: <Available from: http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v41i1.4255 3>. Accessed: Mar. 27, 2020. http://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v4... )
Goat	181a	187a²	30	MOREIRA et al. (2008MOREIRA, J. N. et al. Roughages alternatives for growing goats. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, v. 9, n. 3, p. 1398-1398, 2008. Available from: <Available from: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20093272543 >. Accessed: Nov. 14, 2020. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abst... )
	181a	60b³	30
	181a	50b⁴	30
Goat	-9.0⁷	10.0¹	40	LIMA JÚNIOR et al. (2015aLIMA JÚNIOR, D. M. et al. Maniçoba hay feeding Moxotó goats. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias, v. 36, n. 3, p. 2211-2222, 2015a. Available from: <Available from: http://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n3Supl1p2211 >. Accessed: Jan. 12, 2020. http://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36... )
Sheep	290.84	-	20	CASTRO et al. (2007CASTRO, J. M. C. et al. Performance of Santa Inês lambs fed total mixed rations containing different ratios of concentrate to ceara rubbertree hay. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 36, n. 3, p. 674-680, 2007. Available from: <Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007000300022 >. Accessed: Nov. 12, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982007... )^*
	293.62	-	40
	253.35	-	60
	208.48	-	80
--------------------------------------------------------------------Milk yield, kg day^-1--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Goat	1.40	-	30	ARAÚJO et al. (2009bARAÚJO, M. J. et al. Milk yield and composition of Moxoto goats diets containing maniçoba hay (“ Manihot glaziovii ” Muel Arg .). Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, v. 10, n. 4, p. 860-873, 2009b. Available from: <Available from: https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/rbspaindex.php/rbspa/article/view/1258/914 >. Accessed: Oct. 20, 2020. https://periodicos.ufba.br/index.php/rbs... )
	1.45	-	40
	1.33	-	50
	1.36	-	60