Control of <i>Conyza</i> spp. with sequential application of glufosinate in soybean pre-sowing

Albrecht, Alfredo Junior Paiola; Albrecht, Leandro Paiola; Silva, André Felipe Moreira; Ramos, Romulo Augusto; Corrêa, Natália Buttini; Carvalho, Matheus Greguer de; Lorenzetti, Juliano Bortoluzzi; Danilussi, Maikon Tiago Yamada

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20190868

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CROP PROTECTION • Cienc. Rural 50 (9) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190868 copy

Control of Conyza spp. with sequential application of glufosinate in soybean pre-sowing

Controle de Conyza spp. com aplicação sequencial de glufosinate em pré-semeadura da soja

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

Conyza spp. is among the main weeds reported worldwide. Due to its aggressiveness, such as high seed production and dispersion, and the growing reports of biotypes resistant to glyphosate, paraquat, and other herbicides, different control practices are required. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides with sequential application of glufosinate in soybean pre-sowing for control of Conyza spp. with indicative of resistant to paraquat. The study was carried out in the field, at Assis Chateaubriand and Palotina, state of Paraná, Brazil, in the 2018/19 season. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments consisted in application of glyphosate, 2,4-D, saflufenacil, glufosinate, saflufenacil/imazethapyr, diclosulam, paraquat/diuron, paraquat and imazethapyr/flumioxazin, at different combinations, in soybean pre-sowing. Control of Conyza spp., crop injury to soybean plants and variables related to agronomic performance (plant height and yield) were evaluated. All treatments were selective for soybean, which showed stronger crop injury in the presence of diclosulam herbicide, but this did not compromise soybean agronomic performance. In general, control levels were high for the treatments used. Except for paraquat treatments, in the area with the highest frequency of Conyza spp. with indicative of resistant to paraquat, and imazethapyr/flumioxazin treatment in both areas. These control results emphasized the importance of glufosinate in this management system and showed promising results for saflufenacil/imazethapyr.

Key words:
glyphosate resistance; paraquat resistance; glutamine synthetase inhibitors; Glycine max L. Merr.

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

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[1] E-mail: afmoreirasilva@hotmail.com. ^*Corresponding author.

Treatmentsª	Rates^b
weedy control (without application)	-
glyphosate + 2,4-D seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 670 seq. 400
glyphosate + 2,4-D + saflufenacil¹ seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 670 + 35 seq. 400
glyphosate + saflufenacil¹ seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 35 seq. 400
glufosinate + saflufenacil/imazethapyr¹ seq. glufosinate¹	600 + 35.6/100.4 seq. 400
glufosinate + 2,4-D¹ seq. glufosinate¹	600 + 670 seq. 400
paraquat/diuron² seq. glufosinate¹	400/200 seq. 400
glufosinate + saflufenacil/imazethapyr¹ seq. glufosinate¹	400 + 35.6/100.4 seq. 400
glyphosate + glufosinate¹ seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 400 seq. 400
glyphosate + diclosulam seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 25.2 gseq. 400
glyphosate + diclosulam + saflufenacil¹ seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 25.2 g seq. 400
glufosinate + saflufenacil/imazethapyr + 2,4-D¹ seq. glufosinate¹	600 + 35.6/100.4 + 670 seq. 400
paraquat² seq. glufosinate¹	400 seq. 400
2,4-D + saflufenacil/imazethapyr¹ seq. glufosinate¹	670 + 35.6/100.4 seq. 400
glyphosate + imazethapyr/flumioxazin¹ seq. glufosinate¹	1500 + 100/50 seq. 400
weed-free control (without application)	-

	Date	Wind (km h^-1)	T. (ºC)	Relative humidity (%)
Exp. 1 (1st application)	Sep 13, 2018	4.1	29.1	56.1
Exp. 1 (sequential application)ª	Sep 23, 2018	6.5	29.6	62.7
Exp. 2 (1st aplicação)	Sep 30, 2018	4.5	23.1	62.5
Exp. 2 (sequential application)^b	Oct 14, 2018	2.8	29.2	66.3

	Sow	1WAA	3WAA	5WAA	2WAS	5WAS
Weedy control (without application)	0 e	0 g	0 e	0 e	0.0 a	0.0 a
gly + 2,4-D seq. glu	44 c	82 d	82 c	83 b	2.5 c	0.0 a
gly + 2,4-D + saflufenacil seq. glu	87 b	92 b	90 b	89 b	2.5 c	0.3 a
gly + saflufenacil seq. glu	91 a	93 b	91 b	89 b	0.8 a	0.0 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	93 a	91 b	89 b	88 b	1.8 b	0.0 a
glu + 2,4-D seq. glu	88 b	93 b	92 a	93 a	1.5 b	0.0 a
paraquat/diuron seq. glu	40 c	76 e	67 d	53 d	0.0 a	0.0 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	89 b	90 b	85 b	86 b	0.5 a	0.0 a
gly + glu seq. glu	84 b	87 c	80 c	80 b	0.0 a	0.0 a
gly + diclosulam seq. glu	28 d	87 c	88 b	85 b	3.3 d	3.5 b
gly + diclosulam + saflufenacil seq. glu	96 a	98 a	95 a	96 a	3.5 d	4.3 b
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr + 2,4-D seq. glu	89 b	95 a	94 a	93 a	1.0 a	0.0 a
paraquat seq. glu	23 d	69 f	68 d	57 c	0.0 a	0.0 a
2,4-D + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	83 b	94 b	90 b	85 b	1.5 b	0.0 a
gly + imazethapyr/flumioxazin seq. glu	39 c	80 d	78 c	70 c	1.5 b	0.0 a
weed-free control (without application)	100 a	100 a	100 a	100 a	0.0 a	0.0 a
Mean	67.1	82.8	89.7	77.8	1.3	0.5
CV (%)	8.2	4.4	2.6	7.8	13.1	11.7
F	^*	^*	^*	^*	^*	^*

Treatments	---------------------------------Control (%)----------------------------				---Crop injury (%)---
	Sow	1WAA	3WAA	5WAA	2WAS	5WAS
weedy control (without application)	0 i	0 f	0 d	0 d	0.0 a	0.0 a
gly + 2,4-D seq. glu	47 f	85 d	91 b	93 b	0.5 b	0.8 b
gly + 2,4-D + saflufenacil seq. glu	81 c	98 a	99 a	98 a	0.8 b	1.5 b
gly + saflufenacil seq. glu	84 b	97 a	99 a	99 a	0.0 a	0.0 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	83 b	94 a	98 a	99 a	0.5 b	1.0 b
glu + 2,4-D seq. glu	72 d	95 a	98 a	98 a	0.5 b	0.5 b
paraquat/diuron seq. glu	60 e	94 a	98 a	95 b	0.0 a	0.0 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	79 c	97 a	99 a	99 a	0.5 b	0.8 b
gly + glu seq. glu	80 c	96 a	99 a	99 a	0.0 a	0.0 a
gly + diclosulam seq. glu	18 h	84 d	83 c	80 c	2.3 c	6.3 d
gly + diclosulam + saflufenacil seq. glu	89 b	97 a	99 a	99 a	2.3 c	5.0 c
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr + 2,4-D seq. glu	84 b	95 b	99 a	99 a	0.8 b	1.3 b
paraquat seq. glu	51 f	89 c	97 a	93 b	0.0 a	0.0 a
2,4-D + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	79 c	95 b	97 a	98 a	0.8 b	1.5 b
gly + imazethapyr/flumioxazin seq. glu	34 g	80 e	82 c	78 c	0.5 b	1.0 b
Weed-free control (without application)	100 a	100 a	100 a	100 a	0.0 a	0.0 a
Mean	64,9	87.1	89.7	89.1	0.6	1.2
CV (%)	6,6	2.5	2.6	3.2	14.3	18.6
F	^*	^*	^*	^*	^*	^*

Treatments	Heigth (cm)	Yield (kg ha^-1)
Weedy control (without application)	55.2 b	433 b
gly + 2,4-D seq. glu	65.4 a	2,585 a
gly + 2,4-D + saflufenacil seq. glu	67.5 a	2,488 a
gly + saflufenacil seq. glu	68.6 a	2,560 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	67.2 a	2,646 a
glu + 2,4-D seq. glu	67.2 a	2,651 a
paraquat/diuron seq. glu	66.2 a	2,391 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	65.5 a	2,593 a
gly + glu seq. glu	68.6 a	2,643 a
gly + diclosulam seq. glu	67.0 a	2,487 a
gly + diclosulam + saflufenacil seq. glu	67.0 a	2,649 a
glu + saflufenacil/imazethapyr + 2,4-D seq. glu	67.9 a	2,614 a
paraquat seq. glu	68.9 a	2,399 a
2,4-D + saflufenacil/imazethapyr seq. glu	66.2 a	2,673 a
gly + imazethapyr/flumioxazin seq. glu	67.4 a	2,328 a
weed-free control (without application)	68.3 a	2,612 a
Mean	66.5	2,422
CV (%)	5.1	11.1
F	^*	^*