Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues and bromatological characterization for animal feed

Teixeira, Amito José; Menegat, Felipe Dalponte; Weschenfelder, Leonardo Menoncin; Oro, Carolina Elisa Demaman; Astolfi, Viviane; Valduga, Eunice; Zeni, Jamile; Backes, Geciane Toniazzo; Cansian, Rogério Luis

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210720

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil
SciELO.org - Rede SciELO
Blog SciELO em Perspectiva

Abrir menu

Brasil

Español English

Ciência Rural

Submissão de manuscritos
Sobre o periódico
Corpo Editorial
Instruções aos autores
Contato

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Resumo (Inglês)
Resumo (Português)

Texto (Inglês)

Download PDF (Inglês)

Compartilhe

Compartilhe
E-mail
Facebook
Twitter
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley

Sumário

Compartilhe
E-mail
Facebook
Twitter
Google+
LinkedIn
Reddit
StambleUpon
CiteULike
Mendeley

Resumo (Inglês)
Resumo (Português)

Texto (Inglês)

Download PDF (Inglês)

FOOD TECHNOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 53 (7) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210720 copy

Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues and bromatological characterization for animal feed

Hidrólise enzimática de resíduos lignocelulósicos e caracterização bromatológica para ração animal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

This study evaluated the action of commercial and non-commercial cellulases and pectinases in the hydrolysis of soybean hulls (SH) and corn stover and cobs (CSC), the effect of temperature and agitation on the lignocellulosic substrate hydrolysis and the bromatological characteristics of hydrolyzed substrates. The effect of pretreatment on the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues and bromatological analysis were also evaluated. The highest hydrolytic activity occurred at 300 rpm for SH (47.95 and 51.43% for cellulase and pectinase, respectively) and at 350 rpm for CSC (26.05 and 9.23% for cellulase and pectinase, respectively). Non-commercial enzymes achieved 7.26-30% of the amount of hydrolysis obtained with commercial enzymes, on the same substrates. Pretreatment with 7.5% of NaOH and a particle size of the substrate of 0.5 mm significantly increased the hydrolysis of SH and CSC for both enzymes. The bromatological characteristics showed that soybean hulls hydrolyzed with both commercial cellulase and pectinase have potential for large-scale use in animal feed production.

Key words:
waste; corn stover and cobs; digestibility; enzyme; soybean hulls

Authorship

Amito José Teixeira

Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), 99709-910, Erechim, RS, Brasil. Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI)BrazilErechim, RS, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), 99709-910, Erechim, RS, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4180-3518

Felipe Dalponte Menegat

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0675-7330

Leonardo Menoncin Weschenfelder

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-6165

Carolina Elisa Demaman Oro

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-2078

Viviane Astolfi

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9912-9618

Eunice Valduga

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-0740

Jamile Zeni

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0529-2212

Geciane Toniazzo Backes

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8652-8399

Rogério Luis Cansian ^*E-mail: cansian@uricer.edu.br. *Corresponding author.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-9036

E-mail: cansian@uricer.edu.br. ^*Corresponding author.

Editors: Rudi Weiblen(0000-0002-1737-9817) Henrique Ribeiro Filho(0000-0002-4455-6866)

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (2)
Tables (6)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Estimated effect of agitation on the hydrolysis of soybean hulls (SH) with cellulase (a) and pectinase (b) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) with cellulase (c) and pectinase (d).

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Influence of agitation on hydrolysis of soybean hulls or corn stover and cobs with commercial cellulase or pectinase. [Different letters indicate significant differences according to a Tukey test (P < 0.05) for each treatment.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Influence of time (h) on the hydrolysis of soybean hull (SH) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) with commercial cellulase and pectinase.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Factorial design matrix 2² (real and coded values) for soybean hulls (SH) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) hydrolysis using commercial cellulase and pectinase, at different temperatures and agitations.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Effect of the interaction between commercial cellulase and pectinase on the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (soybean hull and corn stover and cobs).

Thumbnail

Table 4
Comparison of hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (SH and CSC) using commercial and non-commercial cellulase and pectinase.

Thumbnail

Table 5
Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (CS and SPM) without pretreatment and ground in 0.5 mm granulometry, treated with NaOH (3, 5, 7.5 and 10%) at a temperature of 100ºC for 90 min, applying the enzymes cellulase and pectinase commercial.

Thumbnail

Table 6
Bromatological analysis of lignocellulosic residues with commercial and non-commercial cellulase and pectinase.

Figure 1 Estimated effect of agitation on the hydrolysis of soybean hulls (SH) with cellulase (a) and pectinase (b) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) with cellulase (c) and pectinase (d).

Figure 2 Influence of agitation on hydrolysis of soybean hulls or corn stover and cobs with commercial cellulase or pectinase. [Different letters indicate significant differences according to a Tukey test (P < 0.05) for each treatment.

Table 1 Influence of time (h) on the hydrolysis of soybean hull (SH) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) with commercial cellulase and pectinase.

Time (h)	---------------------------------------------------------------Hydrolysis (%)-----------------------------------------------------------------
	----------------------Commercial Cellulase---------------------		-----------------------Commercial Pectinase---------------------
	SH	CSC	SH	CSC
0.1	7.67^k ± 0.01	2.06^f ± 0.22	1.10^f ± 0.01	0.88^g ± 0.02
2	8.38^jk ± 0.01	4.55^e ± 0.47	8.70^e ± 0.70	1.38^f ± 0.16
4	9.18^ij ± 0.05	5.08^e ± 0.01	12.70^d ± 0.10	1.42^f ± 0.02
6	10.94^fgh ± 0.26	6.93^d ± 0.02	16.20^c ± 1.27	1.98^e ± 0.12
8	11.57^ef ± 0.21	7.19^cd ± 0.40	18.97^b ± 0.40	3.28^d ± 0.18
10	12.12^de ± 0.09	7.43^cd ± 0.01	20.67^b ± 0.06	3.29^d ± 0.07
12	12.72^cd ± 0.01	7.76^c ± 0.01	20.70^b ± 0.81	3.05^d ± 0.06
14	12.77^cd ± 0.14	9.98^a ± 0.10	20.30^b ± 0.10	3.99^c ± 0.08
16	13.22^c ± 0.07	8.76^b ± 0.05	19.87^b ± 0.15	3.63^cd ± 0.10
18	15.04^b ± 0.75	9.03^b ± 0.12	19.67^b ± 0.61	3.91^c ± 0.19
20	15.48^b ± 0.97	9.15^b ± 0.25	20.00^b ± 0.60	4.72^b ± 0.18
22	17.10^a ± 0.57	8.75^b ± 0.05	26.17^a ± 0.96	5.20ª ± 0.08
24	15.41^b ± 0.09	8.39^b ± 0.35	25.27^a ± 0.15	5.21^a ± 0.37

Means ± standard deviation, followed by the same letter in the columns do not differ statistically from each other by the Tukey test at the 95% probability level.

Table 2 Factorial design matrix 2² (real and coded values) for soybean hulls (SH) and corn stover and cobs (CSC) hydrolysis using commercial cellulase and pectinase, at different temperatures and agitations.

Assays	----------Independent Variables^*--------			-----------SH Hydrolysis (%)---------		-----------CSC Hydrolysis (%)---------
	Temperature (ºC)	Agitation (rpm)	Cellulase	Pectinase	Cellulase	Pectinase
1	29 (-1)	100 (-1)	14.34	28.34	5.40	3.08
2	29 (-1)	200 (1)	31.83	29.60	8.01	6.04
3	45 (1)	100 (-1)	26.19	26.70	11.20	3.55
4	45 (1)	200 (1)	32.08	29.65	15.62	6.18
5	37 (0)	150 (0)	25.73	31.88	6.64	5.60
6	37 (0)	150 (0)	23.01	31.63	7.48	5.40
7	37 (0)	150 (0)	21.46	32.12	7.68	5.50

^*Fixed independent variables: cellulase 1:50 dilution (w:v) and pectinase without dilution; 22 hours of reaction for soybean hulls and 14 hours for corn stover and cobs.

Table 3 Effect of the interaction between commercial cellulase and pectinase on the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (soybean hull and corn stover and cobs).

Residue	------------------------------------------------Cellulase/Pectinase Mixture (%)---------------------------------------------------------
	100/0	75/25	50/50	25/75	0/100
SH	50.2^aA ± 4.8	44.3^bA ± 4.0	43.0^bA ± 3.9	43.7^bB ± 4.0	50.2^aA ± 4.6
CSC	26.2^aC ± 2.4	24.4^bC ± 2.2	17.7^cB ± 1.6	9.9^dC ± 8.12	2.5^eD ± 0.2

Means ± standard deviation followed by the same lowercase letters in the rows and capitals in the columns do not differ significantly by the Tukey test with 95% confidence. Hydrolysis determined with the standard glucose curve.

Table 4 Comparison of hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (SH and CSC) using commercial and non-commercial cellulase and pectinase.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cellulase---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residue	Commercial	Non-commercial	P^*	% Hydrolysis^**
SH	47.95 ± 0.15	9.93 ± 0.62	< 0.01	20.71
CSC	26.05 ± 0.14	4.47 ± 0.22	< 0.01	17.16
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Pectinase----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SH	51.4 ± 1.75	15.27 ± 0.96	< 0.01	29.7
CSC	9.23 ± 0.75	0.67 ± 0.05	< 0.01	7.26

^*Student t test. ^**Percentage of non-commercial/commercial hydrolysis.

Table 5 Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates (CS and SPM) without pretreatment and ground in 0.5 mm granulometry, treated with NaOH (3, 5, 7.5 and 10%) at a temperature of 100ºC for 90 min, applying the enzymes cellulase and pectinase commercial.

Pretreatment	---------------Soybean Hulls Hydrolysis (%)----------			------------Corn stover and cobs Hydrolysis (%)---------
	Cellulase	Pectinase	Cellulase	Pectinase
Without pretreatment	49.92^cA ± 3.87	51.40^bA ± 3.28	26.07^cB ± 2.16	9.2^dC ± 0.56
3% NaOH	50.06^cA ± 2.16	52.55^bA ± 2.85	30.20^bB ± 2.32	11.6^cC ± 0.95
5% NaOH	55.55^bA ± 2.56	52.2^bA ± 2.80	30.30^bB ± 2.52	15.0^bC ± 0.98
7.5% NaOH	73.08^aA ± 4.58	59.52^aB ± 3.02	34.40^aC ± 2.68	17.7^aD ± 1.10
10% NaOH	72.8^aA ± 4.52	58.71^aB ± 4.06	34.00^aC ± 2.49	17.9^aD ± 1.25

Means ± standard deviation followed by the same lowercase letters in the columns and capitals in the rows do not differ significantly by the Tukey test with 95% confidence.

Table 6 Bromatological analysis of lignocellulosic residues with commercial and non-commercial cellulase and pectinase.

Treatment	NDF (g/100 g)	%	ADF (g/100 g)	%	TDN (g/100 g)	%	NFE (g/100g)	%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------Soybean Hulls-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Without treatment	76.28	0	53.75	0	29.54	0	43.38	0
Commercial Celulase	60.36	-20.9	46.16	-14.1	35.67	20.8	46.61	7.4
Non-commercial Celulase	61.54	-19.3	48.43	-9.9	34.52	16.9	44.09	1.6
Commercial Pectinase	59.26	-22.3	41.47	-22.8	37.1	26.3	47.54	9.6
Non-commercial Pectinase	67.01	-12.2	43.35	-19.4	33.18	12.3	43.98	1.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Corn stover and cobs--------------------------------------------------------------------
Without treatment	81.36	0	49.60	0	53.12	0	46.93	0
Commercial Celulase	64.37	-20.9	41.18	-16.9	73.01	37.4	71.33	51.9
Non-commercial Celulase	67.87	-16.6	42.33	-14.7	61.01	14.8	53.28	13.5
Commercial Pectinase	64.55	-20.7	40.87	-17.6	63.58	19.7	68.93	46.9
Non-commercial Pectinase	69.52	-14.6	43.34	-12.6	61.00	14.8	52.98	12.9

How to cite

copy

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais , 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil , Tel.: +55 55 3220-8698 , Fax: +55 55 3220-8695 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: cienciarural@mail.ufsm.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic residues and bromatological characterization for animal feed

PlumX

Mensagem

[1] E-mail: cansian@uricer.edu.br. ^*Corresponding author.