Variabilidade de indivíduos de uma população de Varonia curassavica Jacq. a partir de compostos voláteis

Fernandes, Thaíse Ohana Moura; Araújo, Emanuelle Oliveira; Santos, Adson Pereira dos; Silva, Júlio Cesar Rodrigues Lopes; Fonseca, Francine Souza Alves da; Azevedo, Alcinei Místico; Martins, Ernane Ronie

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BIOLOGY • Cienc. Rural 52 (8) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210040 copiar

Variabilidade de indivíduos de uma população de Varonia curassavica Jacq. a partir de compostos voláteis

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO:

Varronia curassavica é uma espécie medicinal nativa no Brasil e sua propriedade anti-inflamatória é atribuída aos compostos α-humuleno e β-cariofileno. O objetivo foi estudar a variabilidade de população de V. curassavica. Foram coletadas folhas de 40 indivíduos de população natural, sendo estas transferidas para frascos de vidro (2 mL). Os voláteis foram extraídos e analisados por headspace estático, associado à cromatografia gasosa, acoplada à espectrometria de massas (HS-CG-EM). Detectou-se 17 compostos: monoterpenos (1,6% - 68%) e sesquiterpenos (25,7% - 79,0%), incluindo o α-humuleno e o β-cariofileno. A análise multivariada foi realizada para estimar a dissimilaridade dos indivíduos, a qual separou quatro grupos. O grupo I foi caracterizado pela presença do α-pineno, os grupos II e IV do β-cariofileno e o grupo III do β-pineno. O teor do α-humuleno apresentou pequenas variações, enquanto o do β-cariofileno contribuiu mais para a variabilidade da população. É o primeiro relato de análise da composição química de compostos voláteis de V. curassavica utilizando a técnica HS-GC-MS.

Palavras-chave:
α-humuleno; β-cariofileno; Boraginaceae; Cordia verbenacea DC.; recursos genéticos.

Autoria

Thaíse Ohana Moura Fernandes ^*E-mail: thaiseohana@hotmail.com. *Corresponding author

Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 39404-547, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil..Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)BrazilMontes Claros, MG, BrazilInstituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 39404-547, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil..

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-8865

Emanuelle Oliveira Araújo

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-3885

Adson Pereira dos Santos

Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFVBrazilViçosa, MG, BrazilDepartamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-9575

Júlio Cesar Rodrigues Lopes Silva

Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brasil.Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP)BrazilBotucatu, SP, BrazilFaculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0120-2424

Francine Souza Alves da Fonseca

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-4550

Alcinei Místico Azevedo

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5196-0851

Ernane Ronie Martins

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-7206

E-mail: thaiseohana@hotmail.com. ^*Corresponding author

Editors:

Leandro Souza da Silva(0000-0002-1636-6643) Mauricio Hunsche(0000-0002-9694-0042)

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to publish the results.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

All authors contributed equally for the conception and writing of the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved of the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (2)
Tabelas (6)

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Figure 1
Distribution map of individuals of the Varronia curassavica population collected in the community of São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Figure 2
Geographic distribution of groups of individuals of the Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, formed by the similarity among the chemical composition of the volatile compounds in leaves. A: group II; B: group III; C: group IV; other plants: group I.

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Table 1
Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Table 2
Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Table 3
Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

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Table 4
Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 5
Groups formed by Tocher’s method in the study of the genetic dissimilarity of individuals from the population of Varronia curassavica Jacq. collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 6
Relative contribution (SJ%) of characteristics to the divergence of individuals from the population of Varronia curassavica Jacq. collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, estimated by the method proposed by SINGH (1981SINGH, D. The relative importance of characters affecting genetic divergence. The Indian Journal of Genetic and Plant Breeding, v.41, n.2, p.237-245, 1981. Available from:< Available from:https://www.isgpb.org/documents/archive/ijgpb-41-2-010.pdf >. Accessed: Jan. 20, 2020.
https://www.isgpb.org/documents/archive/... ).

Figure 1 Distribution map of individuals of the Varronia curassavica population collected in the community of São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Figure 2 Geographic distribution of groups of individuals of the Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, formed by the similarity among the chemical composition of the volatile compounds in leaves. A: group II; B: group III; C: group IV; other plants: group I.

Table 1 Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

			1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
RT	RI_tab	Compounds	------------------------------------Relative Abundance (%)----------------------------------
9.2	846	Hex-2-enal	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.2	-	-	-
14.1	932	α-Pinene	43.2	43.4	35.8	5.6	4.6	35.3	1.5	22.1	7.9	18.7
14.7	946	Camphene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.4	-
16.9	974	β-Pinene	19.5	15.1	24.3	22.7	15.3	11.9	2.8	13.1	26.5	19.6
17.7	988	β-Myrcene	2.4	2.0	3.1	1.8	-	-	3.1	-	16.7	2.6
20.2	1025	Sylvestrene	1.1	1.1	1.4	1.2	-	-	-	-	2.1	1.2
20.4	1026	Eucalyptol	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.0	-	1.8	-
21.5	1032	β-Cimene	-	-	-	-	1.3	-	-	-	-	-
38.0	1374	Copaene	2.6	2.8	2.1	4.8	-	-	4.3	2.8	2.2	3.0
38.3	1387	β-Bourbonene	-	-	-	1.9	5.3	3.2	2.8	-	-	-
38.5	1389	β-Elemene	1.1	-	-	1.8	1.4	1.1	2.2	-	-	1.8
39.3	1409	α-Gurjunene	-	1.0	1.0	-	-	-	2.0	-	-	-
39.6	1417	β-Caryophyllene	8.9	10.5	12.1	22.7	24.1	19.7	30.9	17.3	12.1	20.2
40.7	1452	α-Humulene	1.0	1.2	1.4	2.5	2.8	2.1	3.5	2.0	1.3	2.2
40.9	1458	Alloaromadendrene	2.6	3.3	2.3	-	-	3.5	5.6	-	2.0	2.9
41.7	1513	γ-Cadinene	9.4	8.6	7.2	17.5	23.9	12.9	15.0	11.9	9.6	11.7
42.1	1559	Germacrene B	2.3	3.6	3.2	2.9	5.7	-	-	5.7	2.0	3.5
Others^*			5.9	7.5	6.1	14.6	14.2	10.2	21.1	20.5	13.6	12.8
Monoterpenes			66.2	61.5	64.6	31.3	21.2	47.3	7.5	35.2	55.5	42.0
Sesquiterpernes			27.8	30.9	29.2	54.1	63.3	42.5	66.3	39.7	29.2	45.3
Total			94.0	92.5	93.9	85.4	84.5	89.8	78.9	74.9	86.4	87.2

^*Compounds below 1% of the chromatographic peak area. (-): Compounds not detected. RItab: tabulated retention index (ADAMS, 2012ADAMS, R. P. Identification of essential oils componets by gas chromatography/ mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream: USA, 2012.). RT: retention time (minutes). The numbers 1 to 10 correspond to the individuals selected for the study. HS-GC-MS: static headspace chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Table 2 Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

			11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
RT	RI_tab	Compounds	----------------------------------------Relative Abundance (%)----------------------------------
9.2	846	Hex-2-enal	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
14.1	932	α-Pinene	5.7	48.9	-	22.3	29.1	8.3	4.0	22.9	-	27.5
14.7	946	Camphene	-	-	-	-	-	1.0	-	-	-	-
16.9	974	β-Pinene	23.1	16.3	13.9	20.2	23.3	29.0	11.9	15.9	1.6	13.4
17.7	988	β-Myrcene	1.1	1.9	2.0	2.7	3.1	3.5	-	2.1	-	1.1
20.2	1025	Sylvestrene	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.4	1.4	-	-	-	-
20.4	1026	Eucalyptol	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
21.5	1032	β-Ocimene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
38.0	1374	Copaene	4.8	1.9	2.5	3.2	2.8	3.4	2.9	3.2	5.4	3.5
38.3	1387	β-Bourbonene	1.7	1.3	-	-	-	1.3	-	1.0	1.2	-
38.5	1389	β-Elemene	1.3	-	-	-	1.4	-	2.0	-	1.3	-
39.3	1409	α-Gurjunene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
39.6	1417	β-Caryophyllene	19.3	11.1	13.0	18.6	10.3	16.8	29.5	18.3	37.3	20.9
40.7	1452	α-Humulene	2.3	1.2	1.4	2.0	1.2	2.0	3.1	1.9	3.8	2.2
40.9	1458	Alloaromadendrene	3.4	2.0	-	-	-	-	2.3	-	-	-
41.7	1513	γ-Cadinene	19.9	6.1	10.0	12.2	11.0	15.8	12.2	11.8	24.2	11.2
42.1	1559	Germacrene B	2.5	2.1	4.5	2.8	4.3	4.9	6.3	3.7	5.8	2.9
Others^*			13.8	6.2	48.6	14.6	12.2	12.7	19.8	14.9	9.2	14.1
Monoterpenes			31.0	68.1	16.8	46.5	56.9	43.2	16.0	40.9	1.6	42.0
Sesquiterpernes			55.2	25.7	31.4	38.9	31.0	44.2	58.2	39.9	79.0	40.7
Total			86.2	93.8	48.2	85.4	87.8	87.3	74.1	80.8	80.5	82.7

^*Compounds below 1% of the chromatographic peak area. (-): Compounds not detected. RItab: tabulated retention index (ADAMS, 2012ADAMS, R. P. Identification of essential oils componets by gas chromatography/ mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream: USA, 2012.). RT: retention time (minutes). The numbers 11 to 20 correspond to the individuals selected for the study. HS-GC-MS: static headspace chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Table 3 Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

			21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
RT	RI_tab	Compounds	--------------------------------------Relative Abundance (%)-------------------------------------
9.2	846	Hex-2-enal	1.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
14.1	932	α-Pinene	4.5	-	30.8	5.6	31.8	22.3	5.8	9.0	10.9	43.3
14.7	946	Camphene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.0	-	-
16.9	974	β-Pinene	19.2	12.8	16.0	22.7	15.8	20.7	25.0	34.2	3.6	14.2
17.7	988	β-Myrcene	1.5	1.6	1.3	2.9	1.1	2.8	3.2	4.3	-	2.0
20.2	1025	Sylvestrene	-	-	-	1.1	-	1.2	1.4	1.9	-	1.0
20.4	1026	Eucalyptol	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
21.5	1032	β-Ocimene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
38.0	1374	Copaene	4.7	2.8	3.4	3.8	1.6	2.1	4.6	3.6	3.9	2.7
38.3	1387	β-Bourbonene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
38.5	1389	β-Elemene	2.2	1.0	-	1.2	2.3	1.1	1.2	-	1.0	-
39.3	1409	α-Gurjunene	-	-	-	1.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
39.6	1417	β-Caryophyllene	19.8	19.3	16.3	19.5	12.8	17.3	16.2	12.7	30.1	14.1
40.7	1452	α-Humulene	2.3	2.0	1.8	2.2	1.5	1.8	1.9	1.4	3.0	1.5
40.9	1458	Alloaromadendrene	-	2.1	-	3.9	2.0	2.4	-	-	2.6	-
41.7	1513	γ-Cadinene	20.3	10.1	13.9	17.1	7.6	10.0	17.8	13.8	15.1	10.3
42.1	1559	Germacrene B	9.4	4.0	2.6	5.1	3.2		7.3	4.5	3.9	3.1
Others^*			13.1	40.6	13.9	13.9	20.4	16.0	14.6	13.4	20.8	7.9
Monoterpenes			25.2	14.5	48.1	32.3	48.6	46.8	35.4	50.5	14.5	60.4
Sesquiterpernes			58.7	41.2	38.1	53.8	31.0	34.8	49.0	36.1	59.8	31.7
Total			84.9	55.7	86.1	86.1	79.6	81.6	84.4	86.6	74.2	92.1

^*Compounds below 1% of the chromatographic peak area. (-): Compounds not detected. RItab: tabulated retention index (ADAMS, 2012ADAMS, R. P. Identification of essential oils componets by gas chromatography/ mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream: USA, 2012.). RT: retention time (minutes). The numbers 21 to 30 correspond to the individuals selected for the study. HS-GC-MS: static headspace chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Table 4 Volatile compounds analyzed by HS-GC-MS from the leaves of Varronia curassavica Jacq. population collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

			31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40
RT	RI_tab	Compounds	----------------------------------------Relative Abundance (%)----------------------------------
9.2	846	Hex-2-enal	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.4
14.1	932	α-Pinene	32.3	7.9	15.8	17.8	27.6	5.3	4.4	1.7	3.1	8.7
14.7	946	Camphene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
16.9	974	β-Pinene	21.4	30.8	19.4	19.7	23.0	23.7	17.4	4.1	9.7	5.9
17.7	988	β-Myrcene	2.8	3.8		1.7	3.0	1.9	-	3.4	-	-
20.2	1025	Sylvestrene	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.0	1.4	1.1	-	-	-	-
20.4	1026	Eucalyptol	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
21.5	1032	β-Ocimene	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
38.0	1374	Copaene	2.1	-	4.2	4.7	2.5	4.3	3.1	3.7	4.4	4.4
38.3	1387	β-Bourbonene	-	-	-	1.3	-	1.4	-	-	-	-
38.5	1389	β-Elemene	-	-	-	1.1	1.9	1.1	1.1	2.7	1.1	-
39.3	1409	α-Gurjunene	17.4	1.7	-	-	-	-	-	1.2	-	-
39.6	1417	β-Caryophyllene	-	24.3	15.0	12.5	13.7	21.0	27.5	31.7	29.3	25.8
40.7	1452	α-Humulene	1.7	2.5	1.7	1.6	1.4	2.3	2.8	3.2	3.0	2.7
40.9	1458	Alloaromadendrene	-	7.6	4.5	-	2.4	-	3.0	2.9	-	-
41.7	1513	γ-Cadinene	9.3	1.2	14.8	18.7	9.6	16.1	11.4	13.9	18.0	17.9
42.1	1559	Germacrene B	2.4	2.7	3.4	2.8	2.0	7.8	6.0	6.2	7.9	3.8
Others^*			6.3	15.9	19.0	16.2	11.6	14.0	16.6	18.0	18.4	23.7
Monoterpenes			57.8	44.1	36.3	40.2	54.9	32.0	21.8	9.1	12.8	14.5
Sesquiterpernes			32.9	40.0	43.7	42.7	33.5	54.0	54.8	65.5	63.7	54.6
Total			90.7	84.1	80.0	82.9	88.4	86.0	76.6	74.6	76.4	70.6

^*Compounds below 1% of the chromatographic peak area. (-): Compounds not detected. RItab: tabulated retention index (ADAMS, 2012ADAMS, R. P. Identification of essential oils componets by gas chromatography/ mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream: USA, 2012.). RT: retention time (minutes). The numbers 31 to 40 correspond to the individuals selected for the study. HS-GC-MS: static headspace chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Table 5 Groups formed by Tocher’s method in the study of the genetic dissimilarity of individuals from the population of Varronia curassavica Jacq. collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Groups	Individuals
I	20 23 18 8 30 14 13 22 15 10 26 35 3 1 2 12 33 34 25 24 37 27 36 11 4 16 29 17 39 28 38 21 40 6 19 32 31
II	5
III	9
IV	7

Table 6 Relative contribution (SJ%) of characteristics to the divergence of individuals from the population of Varronia curassavica Jacq. collected in São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, municipality of Serro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, estimated by the method proposed by SINGH (1981SINGH, D. The relative importance of characters affecting genetic divergence. The Indian Journal of Genetic and Plant Breeding, v.41, n.2, p.237-245, 1981. Available from:< Available from:https://www.isgpb.org/documents/archive/ijgpb-41-2-010.pdf >. Accessed: Jan. 20, 2020.
https://www.isgpb.org/documents/archive/... ).

Compounds	S.J (%)
α-Pinene	56.02
β-Pinene	15.24
β-Caryophyllene	15.11
γ-Cadinene	6.10
α-Gurjunene	2.05
β-Myrcene	1.92
Germacrene B	1.20
Alloaromadendrene	0.94
Copaene	0.45
β-Bourbonene	0.34
β-Elemene	0.18
α-Humulene	0.12
Sylvestrene	0.12
Eucalyptol	0.08
Hex-2-enal	0.05
Camphene	0.05
β-Ocimene	0.01

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Variabilidade de indivíduos de uma população de Varonia curassavica Jacq. a partir de compostos voláteis

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[1] E-mail: thaiseohana@hotmail.com. ^*Corresponding author