Prenatal, biological and environmental factors associated with physical activity maintenance from childhood to adolescence

Werneck, André Oliveira; Silva, Danilo Rodrigues; Collings, Paul James; Fernandes, Rômulo Araújo; Ronque, Enio Ricardo Vaz; Sardinha, Luís Bettencourt; Cyrino, Edilson Serpeloni

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018243.11442017

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde colet. 24 (3) • Mar 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018243.11442017 copy

Prenatal, biological and environmental factors associated with physical activity maintenance from childhood to adolescence

Fatores pré-natais, biológicos e ambientais associados à manutenção da atividade física da infância à adolescência

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Our aim was to identify prenatal, biological and environmental correlates of child to adolescence physical activity maintenance in 1,186 Brazilian youth (525 boys) aged between 10 and 16 years. Current and former physical activity levels were obtained cross-sectionally through questionnaires. As potential correlates, parent’s activity levels, socioeconomic status and offspring’s birth weight were self-reported by parents. Somatic maturation was estimated by the peak of height velocity. Logistic regression analyses revealed that, regardless of chronological age, males were more likely to be active in childhood (OR = 1.73 [CI 95% = 1.33 to 2.27]) and to maintain physical activity (adjusted by chronological age, sex, birth weight and mother’s physical activity) (OR = 3.58 [CI 95% = 2.32 to 5.54]), as well as late maturing adolescents (OR = 2.52 [CI 95% = 1.02 to 6.22]). Adolescents whose mother was inactive (OR = 0.31 [CI 95% = 0.11 to 0.86]) also had a lower probability of maintaining physical activity. Thus, girls, adolescents born with low weight and those with inactive mother are less likely to maintain physical activity levels from childhood to adolescence.

Motor activity; Health behavior; Puberty; Social learning

	No PA	PA in childhood	PA in childhood and adolescence	p
Chronological Age (y)	12.9 ± 1.5	12.9 ± 1.5	13.1 ± 1.7	0.456
Age of PHV (y)*	13.0 ± 1.2	13.3 ± 1.2	13.7 ± 1.2	<0.01
BMI (ml/kg ² )	19.8 ± 4.2	20.0 ± 4.0	20.0 ± 4.0	0.508
Birth weight (cm)	3.2 ± 0.7	3.2 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 0.7	0.506

Correlates	No PA	PA in childhood	PA in childhood and adolescence

		Model 1	Model 1	Model 2
Sex
Female	Ref.	1	1	1
Male	Ref.	1.73 (1.33 to 2.27)	3.94 (2.75 to 5.64)	3.58 (2.32 to 5.54)
Gestational age
Preterm	Ref	1	1	1
Term	Ref	1.10 (0.79 to 1.51)	1.03 (0.67 to 1.60)	1.04 (0.66 to 1.63)
Birth weight
Highest	Ref.	1	1	1
Middle	Ref.	0.99 (0.68 to 1.44)	0.64 (0.39 to 1.03)	0.77 (0.47 to 1.29)
Lowest	Ref.	0.82 (0.54 to 1.25)	0.57 (0.32 to 0.99)	0.69 (0.38 to 1.24)
Socioeconomic status
Highest	Ref.	1	1	1
Lowest	Ref.	0.87 (0.64 to 1.18)	0.97 (0.64 to 1.47)	1.23 (0.91 to 1.66)
Mother’s PA
Active	Ref.	1	1	1
Inactive	Ref.	0.77 (0.30 to 1.96)	0.29 (0.11 to 0.78)	0.31 (0.11 to 0.86)
Father’s PA
Active	Ref.	1	1
Inactive	Ref.	1.40 (0.76 to 2.58)	0.95 (0.44 to 2.05)	0.92 (0.38 to 2.23)
Somatic maturity
Early	Ref.	1	1	1
On time	Ref.	0.95 (0.58 to 1.57)	1.31 (0.89 to 1.93)	1.85 (0.90 to 3.64)
Late	Ref.	0.94 (0.47 to 1.90)	1.15 (0.67 to 2.00)	2.52 (1.02 to 6.22)

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[1] Collaborations

DRP Silva: acquisition, analysis/interpretation of data. AO Werneck and PJ Collings: Analysis and interpretation of data. RA Fernandes, ERV Ronque, LFCB Sardinha and ES Cyrino: interpretation of data and important review of the final version to be submitted.