This article discusses the vaccination campaigns against poliomyelitis in Brazil. It examines issues that have shaped the politics of disease control at the interface with the history of science and technology with regard to the discovery of vaccines, the development of laboratory techniques for diagnosis and surveillance of new procedures, and history of public health policies in relation to decision making and implementation of control and eradication of disease. The aim is also to demonstrate that in addition to the technologies available, it was necessary some negotiation and political will to achieve the control and eradication of the disease in the country. The main sources used were scientific articles, oral testimonies, official documents and newspaper articles.
Vaccination; Polio; Health policy; History; Brazil