The ability of whey protein concentrates (WPC) to form gel structures is an important functional property. The aim of this study was to evaluate protein concentration, pH, temperature and denaturation time, at 8 to 12%, 4.0 to 5.2, 81 to 89ºC and 15 to 27 minutes, respectively, on texture profile and water-holding capacity of WPC acid gels. The texture profile was evaluate by a texturometer TAXT2 and water-holding capacity by expressible moisture. The statistic method applied was the factorial 2(4) planning. The best results of strength, cohesivity, springiness and water-holding capacity were generally obtained with the higher levels of protein concentration, temperature and denaturation time. Concerning the variable pH, the range from 4.0 to 4.3 led to formation of gels with higher elasticity and water-holding capacity, while samples prepared at pH 4.9 to 5.2 developed gels with higher hardness and cohesivity.
whey protein concentrate; gel; texture; water-holding capacity
