CONSISTENCY OF HYDROGENATED FATS AND SOYBEAN OIL BLENDS

SIMÕES, Ilka Sumiyoshi; GIOIELLI, Luiz Antonio; OLIVEIRA, Maricê Nogueira

doi:10.1590/S0101-20611998000300013

Consistency is an important functional aspect of plastic fats, that are a dispersion of fat crystals in liquid oil. The relationship between the two phases and the crystalline character of the solid phase determine the consistency and the firmness of the samples. The aim of this study was to determine the yield value of two hydrogenated vegetable fats and its binary and ternary mixtures, with the presence or not of soybean oil, from the results of the texture analyser (TA XT2), varying the penetration depths and the angle of the cones. A multiple regression model was applied (special cubic type) to mixtures, using a software MIXPLOT for construction of triangular diagram. The compression force varied between 0.0080 and 5.459 kg, depending on the sample and on the penetration depth of the cone. For cones of angles 30, 40 and 45° , consistencies were statistically similar, at p <0,05. For some samples, the results using the cone of 20° were statistically differents. Such differences can be justified by the geometry of cone of 20° to be different, in function of the flat tip of the cone. Results showed that soybean oil didn't contribute statistically to the consistency. The relative coefficients of the interactions were always negative, demonstrating antagonic effect for the consistency, characteristic of eutectic interactions among fats. This effect is due to the incompatibility in solid state among the components of mixture.

consistency; hydrogenated fat; eutectic mixture

Amostra (n^o)	Componentes (proporção)
Amostra (n^o)	x1	x2	x3
1	1	0	0
2	0	1	0
3	0	0	1
4	1/2	½	0
5	1/2	0	1/2
6	0	½	1/2
7	1/3	1/3	1/3
8	2/3	1/6	1/6
9	1/6	2/3	1/6
10	1/6	1/6	2/3

Distância (mm)
	5		10		15
amostra (n)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)
2	0,1260± 0,0087	6,92	0,2533± 0,0219	8,63	0,3910± 0,0135	3,44
3	0,8603± 0,0495	5,75	1,2907± 0,0967	7,49	2,0050± 0,0876	4,37
4	0,0105± 0,0029	27,49	0,0160± 0,0044	27,24	0,0200± 0,0020	10,00
5	0,0903± 0,0032	3,56	0,1673± 0,0234	13,96	0,2737± 0,0186	6,78
6	0,3647± 0,0055	1,51	0,4837± 0,0664	13,72	1,0747± 0,2928	27,24
7	0,1003± 0,0150	14,96	0,2487± 0,0193	7,78	0,3093± 0,0067	2,15
8	0,0113± 0,0006	5,09	0,0183± 0,0025	13,73	0,0270± 0,0020	7,41
9	0,1010± 0,0010	0,99	0,2127± 0,0250	11,77	0,3703± 0,0552	14,90
10	0,3060± 0,0616	20,11	0,7443± 0,0621	8,34	1,0897± 0,2144	19,67

Distância (mm)
	5		10		15
amostra (n)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)
2	0,1033± 0,0100	9,69	0,2480± 0,0338	13,62	0,4533± 0,0465	10,26
3	0,5287± 0,0126	2,38	1,7103± 0,1207	7,06	2,3917± 0,1860	7,78
4	0,0110± 0,0010	9,09	0,0217± 0,0021	9,61	0,0273± 0,0110	40,30
5	0,0723± 0,0040	5,59	0,2067± 0,0035	1,70	0,3037± 0,0512	16,86
6	0,2760± 0,0099	3,57	0,7657± 0,1011	13,21	1,1847± 0,0960	8,10
7	0,0747± 0,0050	6,74	0,2507± 0,0359	14,33	0,4077± 0,0307	7,54
8	0,0080± 0,0017	21,65	0,0197± 0,0015	7,77	0,0313± 0,0047	15,08
9	0,0780± 0,0030	3,85	0,2757± 0,0136	4,93	0,3617± 0,0217	6,01
10	0,2227± 0,0101	4,54	0,7327± 0,0140	1,91	1,1027± 0,1210	10,98

Distância (mm)
	5		10		15
amostra (n)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)
2	0,1375± 0,0181	13,15	0,4323± 0,0172	3,98	0,5973± 0,0535	8,96
3	0,8143± 0,1081	13,28	2,3017± 0,0457	1,98	3,7710± 0,6903	18,31
4	0,0163± 0,0006	3,54	0,0230± 0,0017	7,53	0,0320± 0,0027	8,27
5	0,1087± 0,0060	5,55	0,2700± 0,0416	15,40	0,4883± 0,0921	18,85
6	0,4033± 0,0364	9,02	1,1170± 0,2026	18,14	1,8447± 0,3984	21,60
7	0,1260± 0,0070	5,56	0,3353± 0,0517	15,41	0,4697± 0,1517	32,29
8	0,0137± 0,0015	11,18	0,0283± 0,0025	8,88	0,0267± 0,0042	15,61
9	0,1110± 0,0040	3,60	0,4020± 0,0121	3,02	0,3965± 0,1110	28,00
10	0,4070± 0,0305	7,48	0,8123± 0,5962	73,40	1,3835± 0,0587	4,24

Distância (mm)
	5		10		15
amostra (n)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)	média ± dp	CV (%)
2	0,1440± 0,0053	3,68	0,4467± 0,0300	6,71	0,7453± 0,1618	21,71
3	1,0223± 0,1167	11,41	2,6298± 0,5910	22,48	5,4590± 0,9422	17,26
4	0,0173± 0,0029	16,65	0,0437± 0,0023	5,29	0,0660± 0,0095	14,45
5	0,1203± 0,0101	8,37	0,3220± 0,0416	12,93	0,3513± 0,0638	18,15
6	0,4250± 0,0159	3,74	1,2553± 0,0035	0,28	2,4403± 0,2695	11,04
7	0,1243± 0,0123	9,93	0,4467± 0,0396	8,86	0,6737± 0,1141	16,93
8	0,0163± 0,0029	17,67	0,0403± 0,0035	8,71	0,0283± 0,0023	8,15
9	0,1337± 0,0031	2,29	0,4303± 0,0771	17,91	0,6600± 0,1814	27,48
10	0,4373± 0,0699	15,99	1,3740± 0,0636	4,63	2,0563± 0,2875	13,98

Brasil

Brasil

CONSISTENCY OF HYDROGENATED FATS AND SOYBEAN OIL BLENDS

Consistência (g/cm²)
	cone20°	cone30°	cone40°	cone45°
amostra (n^o)
2	4578,84^b	1911,05^a	1535,88^a	1294,56^a
3	31263,30^a	9780,95^a	9095,73^a	9190,48^a
4	381,57^a	203,50^a	182,07^a	155,53^a
5	3281,50^b	1337,55^ab	1214,18^a	1081,50^a
6	13253,20^a	5106,00^a	4504,86^a	3820,75^a
7	3644,90^b	1381,95^a	1407,42^a	1117,46^a
8	410,64^a	148,00^a	153,03^a	146,54^a
9	3670,34^b	1443,00^a	1239,87^a	1201,96^a
10	11120,04^b	4119,95^a	4546,19^a	3931,33^a

Consistência (g/cm²)
	cone20°	cone30°	cone40°	cone45°
Amostra (n^o)
2	3037,07^b	1512,80^a	1595,19^a	1326,70^a
3	15475,49^a	10432,83^a	8493,27^a	7810,51^a
4	191,84^a	132,37^a	84,87^a	129,79^a
5	2005,93^b	1260,87^ab	996,30^a	956,34^a
6	5799,56^a	4670,77^a	4121,73^a	3728,24^a
7	2981,91^b	1529,27^a	1237,26^a	1326,70^a
8	219,42^a	120,17^a	104,43^a	119,69^a
9	2550,27^b	1681,77^a	1483,38^a	1277,99^a
10	8924,16^b	4469,47^a	2997,39^a	4080,78^a

Consistência (g/cm²)
	cone20°	cone30°	cone40°	cone45°
amostra (n^o)
2	2451,57^b	1446,03^a	1152,79^a	1155,22^a
3	12571,35^a	7629,52^a	7278,03^a	8461,45^a
4	125,40^a	87,09^a	61,76^a	102,30^a
5	1716,10^b	968,80^ab	942,42^a	544,52^a
6	6738,37^a	3779,19^a	3560,27^a	3782,47^a
7	1939,31^b	1300,56^a	906,52^a	1044,24^a
8	169,29^a	99,85^a	51,53^a	43,87^a
9	2321,78^b	1153,82^a	765,25^a	1023,00^a
10	6832,42^b	3517,61^a	2670,16^a	3187,27^a