RESPONSE FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF LAYING HEN MANURE WITH BIOCHAR ADDITION

Andrade, Willian R.; Ferreira, Cecilia de F. S.; Gates, Richard S.; Borges, Alisson C.; Santos, Tânia M. B. dos

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v40n3p315-321/2020

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Scientific Paper, Energy Systems • Eng. agríc. (Online) 40 (3) • May-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v40n3p315-321/2020 copy

RESPONSE FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF LAYING HEN MANURE WITH BIOCHAR ADDITION

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to assess the anaerobic digestion response of laying hen manure with different inclusion levels of biochar in batch reactors as measured by physicochemical parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Four levels of biochar inclusions (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) were tested with 3 replicates each. Twelve two-liter anaerobic batch reactors were used for 86 days at 35°C. Substrate and digestate of each treatment were assessed for monitored parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Increased levels (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) of biochar were found to gradually reduce total ammonia nitrogen (1794.33, 140.84, 950.81 and 509.32 mg.L^-1, respectively). Despite the positive effect of biochar to accelerate initial biogas production, its use at any inclusion rate did not contribute significantly to biogas production in terms of biogas yield or digestate quality as compared to control treatment.

KEYWORDS
biogas yield; total ammonia nitrogen; volatile solids

Parameters	Manure	Biochar
pH	9.47	10.29
Total ammonia nitrogen (mg.L^-1)	997.50	52.50
Total Solids (%)	55.71	62.98
Volatile solids (% of DM)	70.38	53.40
T- Carbon (% of DM)	30.95	29.66
T-Nitrogen (% of DM)	2.83	2.17
T-Phosphorous (% of DM)	4.76	3.12
Calcium (% of DM)	2.71	0.81

Treatment	Manure	Water	Biochar	Total (kg)	TS (%)	VS (%)
Control	15.16	84.84	0	2.5	7.0±0.21	65.16
2.5% of biochar	13.24	85.08	1.68	2.5	7.0±0.04	65.46
5.0% of biochar	11.36	85.24	3.36	2.5	7.0±0.09	66.09
7.5% of biochar	9.48	85.48	5.04	2.5	7.0±0.27	61.09

Parameters		Control	Biochar 2.5%	Biochar 5.0%	Biochar 7.5%	P value	CV (%)
pH	Substrate	8.87 d	9.17 c	9.37 b	9.73 a	0.001	0.38
pH	Digestate	8.32 a	8.44 a	8.48 a	8.53 a	0.105	1.08
TAN	Substrate	547.75 a	568.33 a	469.00 ab	324.33 b	0.006	14.64
TAN	Digestate	1794.33 a	1401.84 b	950.81 c	509.32 d	0.001	6.87
TS reduction (%)		32.88 b	43.86 a	38.77 ab	45.20 a	0.002	6.61
VS reduction (%)		55.50 a	57.40 a	54.07 a	55.02 a	0.576	5.20
C:N ratio	Substrate	12.20 b	15.70 a	15.53 a	14.70 a	0.001	5.01
C:N ratio	Digestate	5.29 a	5.62 a	6.07 a	5.68 a	0.231	7.30

Parameters	Control	Biochar 2.5%	Biochar 5.0%	Biochar 7.5%	P value	CV (%)
Biogas yield per kg of waste (m³.kg^-1)	0.025 a	0.015 b	0.009 c	0.006 c	0.001	13.42
Biogas yield per kg of substrate (m³.kg^-1)	0.007 a	0.004 b	0.002 c	0.002 c	0.001	13.85
Biogas yield per kg of TS _in (m³.kg^-1)	0.134 a	0.064 b	0.035 c	0.022 c	0.001	13.58
Biogas yield per kg of VS _in (m³.kg^-1)	0.203 a	0.101 b	0.052 c	0.035 c	0.001	14.16
Biogas yield per kg of VS _re (m³.kg^-1)	0.366 a	0.177 b	0.096 c	0.064 c	0.001	16.33

Treatments	Total nitrogen		Total phosphorous		Calcium
Treatments	Substrate	Digestate	Substrate	Digestate	Substrate	Digestate
Control	3.01a	4.60 a	4.71b	7.11 a	1.19 a	1.72 a
Biochar 2.5%	2.24b	4.76 a	5.82a	7.22 a	1.39 a	1.50 a
Biochar 5.0%	2.38b	4.57 a	4.48 b	6.98 a	1.30 a	1.35 a
Biochar 7.5%	2.31b	4.93 a	4.87 b	5.77 b	1.47 a	1.52 a
P value	0.001	0.613	0.006	0.011	0.579	0.246
CV (%)	5.65	7.69	6.52	6.41	18.60	13.25

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

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[1] *Corresponding author. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo/ Pirassununga - SP, Brasil. E-mail: willianrufino@usp.br