For the development of silo designs, it is necessary that factors such as flow and loads be carefully evaluated. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to measure, analyze and evaluate international standards of friction forces on the walls of a cylindrical silo with flat bottom. For the measurement of friction forces, two sets of three load cells and a data acquisition system were used. The silo was concentrically loaded with dry sand, and concentrically and eccentrically discharged from two eccentricities through holes of 80 mm diameter. The results show that the pilot silo model is suitable for measuring the friction forces on the walls, and that the theoretical values proposed by AS 3774 and DIN 1055 standards are more appropriate for the representation of friction forces in both concentric and eccentric discharging for all studied height/diameter ratios.
international standards; flat bottom; eccentricity; discharging; cylindrical silo
