Validity and reliability of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 among aged Brazilians

Mata, Luciana Regina Ferreira da; Kuznier, Tatiane Prette; Menezes, Aline Carrilho; Azevedo, Cissa; Amaral, Fabrícia Moreira Amorim; Chianca, Tânia Couto Machado

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna. Nery 26 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2021-0087 copy

Validity and reliability of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 among aged Brazilians^a a Article extracted from the PhD thesis entitled “Translation, adaptation and validation of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3) to Brazilian Portuguese in a sample of older adults” by Tatiane Prette Kuznier under guidance of Professor Drª Tânia Couto Machado Chianca, presented to the Stricto Sensu Graduate Program of the Nursing School at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, defense year 2016.

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ABSTRACT

Objective

to assess the validity and reliability of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, version 3, in a sample of aged Brazilians.

Methods

a methodological study carried out with 136 older adults registered in family health units. Construct validity was verified by exploratory factor analysis and correlation with depression and social support measures. Reliability was assessed by means of Cronbach's alpha.

Results

in the exploratory factor analysis, a component was extracted, whose variance explained 43.6% of the instrument's composition. All items had a satisfactory factor load (≥ 0.30) distributed between 0.43 and 0.76. Construct validity was also supported by the positive correlation between loneliness and depression (r = 0.665; p≤0.001) and a negative correlation between loneliness and social support (r = -0.576; p≤0.001). It was also supported by the positive correlation between loneliness and depression (r = 0.665; p≤0.001) and a negative correlation between loneliness and social support (r = -0.576; p≤0.001). Cronbach's alpha for the sample was 0.88.

Conclusion and implications for the practice

the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3, presents evidence of satisfactory validity and reliability, and can be used to assess loneliness among aged Brazilians.

Keywords:
Aged; Loneliness; Nursing; Psychometrics; Validation Study

Item	UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3)	Factor load
1	How often do you feel you that are “in tune” with the people around you?	-0.44
2	How often do you feel that you lack companionship?	0.68
3	How often do you feel that there's no one you can turn to?	0.71
4	How often do you feel alone?	0.61
5	How often do you feel part of a group of friends?	-0.43
6	How often do you feel that you have a lot in common with people around you?	-0.49
7	How often do you feel that you are no longer close to anyone?	0.74
8	How often do you feel that your interests and ideas are not shared by those around you?	0.55
9	How often do you feel outgoing and friendly?	-0.51
10	How often do you feel close to people?	-0.70
11	How often do you feel left out?	0.66
12	How often do you feel that your relationships with others are not meaningful?	0.53
13	How often do you feel that no one really knows you well?	0.51
14	How often do you feel isolated from others?	0.73
15	How often do you fee1 that you can find companionship when you want it?	-0.66
16	How often do you feel that there are people who really understand you?	-0.64
17	How often do you feel shy? (Inhibited/Embarrassed)	0.51
18	How often do you feel that people are around you but not with you?	0.59
19	How often do you feel that there are people you can talk to?	-0.73
20	How often do you feel that there are people you can turn to?	-0.76

Item	UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3)	Item-Total Correlation	Cronbach's alpha if the item was removed
1	How often do you feel that you are “in tune” with the people around you?	0.26	0.88
2	How often do you feel that you lack companionship?	0.60	0.87
3	How often do you feel that there's no one you can count on?	0.59	0.87
4	How often do you feel alone?	0.53	0.87
5	How often do you feel as if you were part of a group of friends?	0.36	0.88
6	How often do you feel that you have a lot in common with people around you?	0.42	0.88
7	How often do you feel that you are no longer close to anyone?	0.65	0.87
8	How often do you feel that your interests and ideas are not shared by those around you?	0.48	0.87
9	How often do you feel sociable and friendly?	0.31	0.88
10	How often do you feel close to people?	0.49	0.87
11	How often do you feel left out?	0.54	0.87
12	How often do you feel that your relationships with others don't matter?	0.37	0.88
13	How often do you feel that no one really knows you well?	0.44	0.88
14	How often do you feel isolated from other people?	0.61	0.87
15	How often do you feel that you can find company when you want?	0.54	0.87
16	How often do you feel that there are people who really understand you?	0.53	0.87
17	How often do you feel shy? (Inhibited/ Embarrassed)	0.42	0.88
18	How often do you feel that people are around you but not with you?	0.52	0.87
19	How often do you feel there are people you can talk to?	0.55	0.87
20	How often do you feel that there are people you can turn to?	0.59	0.87

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[1] Corresponding author: Luciana Regina Ferreira da Mata. E-mail: lucianarfmata@gmail.com