The nursing diagnosis of aspiration risk in critical patients

Bispo, Miclécia de Melo; Dantas, Ana Livia de Medeiros; Silva, Priscila Kaline de Andrade; Fernandes, Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias; Tinôco, Jéssica Dantas de Sá; Lira, Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho

doi:10.5935/1414-8145.20160049

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 20 (2) • Apr-Jun 2016 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1414-8145.20160049 linkcopy

The nursing diagnosis of aspiration risk in critical patients^*

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the nursing diagnosis of risk of aspiration and the relationship with its risk factors in the patient hospitalized in the intensive care unit.

Methods: A transversal study undertaken in the adult intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in the Northeast of Brazil, with a sample of 86 patients. The data were collected through the use of an interview questionnaire and physical examination in October 2013 - May 2014.

Results: The diagnosis was present in 43 patients (50%). A total of 17 risk factors was identified: related mainly to swallowing, enteral nutrition, gastrointestinal motility, gastric emptying, neurological standard, ventilation interfaces, events which were secondary to the treatment, and surgical procedures.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of risk of aspiration and its risk factors are present in the critical patients, making the planning of care in this context fundamental.

Keywords:
Nursing diagnosis; Intensive Care; Health care

Risk factors	Risk of aspiration
Present	Absent	Total	Statistics
Gastrointestinal tube
Present	33	00	33
Absent	10	43	53	p = 0.000*
Total	43	43	86
Impaired swallowing
Present	31	02	33
Absent	12	41	53	p = 0.000*
Total	43	43	86
Reduced level of consciousness
Present	28	00	28
Absent	15	43	58	p = 0.000*
Total	43	43	86
Tube feeding
Present	24	00	24
Absent	19	43	62	p = 0.000*
Total	43	43	86
Presence of endotracheal tube
Present	17	00	17
Absent	26	43	69	p = 0.000*
Total	43	43	86
Secondary events related to the treatment
Present	12	01	13
Absent	31	42	73	p = 0.001*
Total	43	43	86
Delayed gastric emptying
Present	07	00	07
Absent	36	43	79	p = 0.006*
Total	43	43	86
Increased gastric residual
Present	07	00	07
Absent	36	43	79	p = 0.006*
Total	43	43	86

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Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rua Afonso Cavalcanti, 275, Cidade Nova, 20211-110 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brasil, Tel: +55 21 3398-0952 e 3398-0941 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: annaneryrevista@gmail.com

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[TFN2] ^*
Fisher's Exact Test.

The nursing diagnosis of aspiration risk in critical patients*

ABSTRACT

The nursing diagnosis of aspiration risk in critical patients^*