Actuación de los enfermeros de la estrategia salud de la familia en la atención oncológica

Souza, Geize Rocha Macedo de; Cazola, Luiza Helena de Oliveira; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 21 (4) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2016-0380 copiar

Actuación de los enfermeros de la estrategia salud de la familia en la atención oncológica

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

Objetivo:

Identificar la calificación y conocer la actuación de los enfermeros de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en atención oncológica.

Métodos:

Estudio transversal, de abordaje cuantitativo, integrado por 77 enfermeros actuantes en unidades de Estrategia Salud de la Familia de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Datos primarios recolectados mediante entrevista, utilizándose cuestionario con preguntas cerradas.

Resultados:

La capacitación en atención oncológica es poco frecuente, reflejando el elevado desconocimiento de la Política Nacional de Atención Oncológica. Se verificó que 95% de los profesionales realizaban atenciones a pacientes oncológicos, prevaleciendo la visita domiciliaria y la consulta de enfermería. Sobre la Política Nacional de Atención Oncológica, 96% de los enfermeros declaró desconocerla.

Conclusión:

Se evidenció falta de preparación de los enfermeros para atender a pacientes con cáncer, y la necesidad explícita de educación continua.

Palabras clave:
Atención Primaria de Salud; Estrategia de Salud Familiar; Enfermería Oncológica; Atención de Enfermería

Variables	n	N	%
Cancer patients in the assigned area	77
Yes		60	78
No		17	22
Cancer patient care/follow-up	60
Yes		57	95
No		3	5
Activities performed with cancer patients⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	57
Home visit		52	91
Nursing appointment		31	54
Technical procedures		29	51
Discussion in the team meeting		24	42
Assistance to cancer patients’ family members	60
Yes		32	53
No		28	47
Activities performed with cancer patients’ family members⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	32
Guidance about care for cancer patients		19	59
Guidelines about the caregiver’s health		18	56
Psychological support		11	34
Cancer patients’ rights		1	3
Others		3	9
Has knowledge on palliative care	77
Yes		66	86
No		11	14
Performs palliative care	66
Yes		31	47
No		35	53
Palliative care performed⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	31
General guidance on care regarding food, hygiene, comfort, ulcer prevention, and alcohol and smoking avoidance		28	90
Pain reduction		12	39
Medical care and control of tests		2	6
Does not perform palliative care⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	35
There is no need		20	57
Does not have cancer patients		10	29
Not prepared to care for this kind of patient		5	14
There is no demand by the patient		3	9
There is no demand by the team		2	6
Work overload		1	3
Offers guidance regarding chemotherapy and radiotherapy	77
Yes		30	39
No		47	61
Guidelines about chemotherapy and radiotherapy⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	30
Nutrition care		26	87
Side effects		16	53
Skin care		13	43
Treatment frequency		10	33
Fluid intake		3	10
Care with physical effort		2	7
Hygiene care		1	3
Vaccines		1	3

Variables	n	N	%
Knows PNAO	77
Yes		3	4
No		74	96
Knowledge about oncology care	77
Cancer patient care		53	69
Cancer prevention and diagnosis		25	32
Care actions including promotion, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care		10	13
Guidelines regarding the disease		9	12
Collection of preventive tests, and monitoring of those that show alterations		2	3
Facilitating and hindering factors in oncology patient care	77
Hindering		35	45
Facilitating		23	30
Did not answer		19	25
Hindering aspects⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	35
Lack of knowledge on oncology		23	66
Lack of knowledge on the disease and treatment		16	46
Work overload		12	34
Lack of materials and resources		7	20
Patient and family members do not accept the disease		5	14
Facilitating aspects⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	23
Guidelines with no emotional appeal		21	91
Performance of technical procedures		4	17
Professional experience		2	9
Need for courses/trainings	77
Yes		74	96
No		3	4
Oncology care themes⁽¹⁾ (1) More than one alternative could be chosen.	74
PNAO		57	77
Palliative care		55	74
Care for family members		50	68
Treatments		43	58
Promotion, prevention		39	53
Others		3	4

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[1] Corresponding author: Geize Rocha Macedo de Souza. E-mail: geize01@yahoo.com.br