Napping on the night shift among nursing staff: potential benefits for
               workers' health

Silva-Costa, Aline; Rotenberg, Lúcia; Griep, Rosane Härter; Fischer, Frida Marina

doi:10.5935/1414-8145.20150005

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RESEARCH • Esc Anna Nery 19 (1) • Jan-Mar 2015 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1414-8145.20150005 copy

Napping on the night shift among nursing staff: potential benefits for workers' health

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

To characterize naps during night shifts in terms of duration, allocation, quality, and sleep efficiency among nursing professionals. Cross-sectional study conducted in 2009. Professionals working the night shift for more than one year and reporting no sleep complaints answered a questionnaire, wore an actigraph (device to monitor human sleep-wake cycle) and completed an activity protocol (n = 49).

Results:

87% of participants napped during night shifts and the mean duration of naps was 136 minutes (SD = 39.8). Longer naps at work were observed among those napping between 12:00am-3:00am, compared to those napping between 3:00am-6:00am. The efficiency of on-shift sleep was similar to nighttime sleep at home on days off.

Conclusion:

Similarity between sleep efficiency at work and at home suggests there is a beneficial effect of napping. Discussion concerning the management of the workforce during the night shift should consider not only aspects concerning work organization, but also aspects concerning human physiology.

Nursing; Sleep; Night work; Health

Variable	Category	n	%
Profession	Nurse	13	27
Profession	Nursing technician	36	73
Number of jobs	1 job	28	57
Number of jobs	2 jobs	21	43
Education	High school/technical high school	26	53
Education	College	23	47
Marital status	Married	23	47
	Separated/widowed	12	24
	Single	14	29
Children	Yes	32	35
Children	No	17	65
Exercise	Yes (1 to 6 hours/week)	9	18
Exercise	No	40	82
Smoking	Yes	4	8
Smoking	No	45	92
Alcohol consumption	Yes (1 to 5 days/two weeks)	11	22
Alcohol consumption	No	38	78
Satisfaction with sleep quality	Yes	43	88
Satisfaction with sleep quality	No	6	12
Family income (R$)	Up to 1,500,00	4	8
	1,501.00 to 2,500.00	12	24
	2,501.00 to 4,000.00	16	33
	4,000.00 or more	17	35
		Mean (SD)	Median
Time working in nursing (years)		12.9 (7.5)	10
Workload (hours/week)		49.7 (19.1)	48
Night shift (No./two weeks)		6.6 (2.1)	6
Age (years)		40 (10.2)	38
House chores (hours/week)		23.3 (15.5)	21

Variable	N	Mean (SD)	p
OSN duration (min)
12:00am-3:00am	28	147.5 (28.2)	0.007
3:00am-6:00am	16	112.0 (45.5)
OSN efficiency (%)
12:00am-3:00am	28	90.9 (5.3)	0.026
3:00am-6:00am	16	94.5 (3.3)
OSN quality (cm)
12:00am-3:00am	25	5.2 (1.7)	0.241
3:00am-6:00am	15	4.6 (3.4)
Duration of daytime sleep at home after work (min)
12:00am-3:00am	28	165.2 (105.9)	0.874
3:00am-6:00am	16	172.8 (100.9)
Duration of nighttime sleep at home after work (min)
12:00am-3:00am	28	298.6 (262.6)	0.765
3:00am-6:00am	16	331.4 (228.3)

Variable	N	Average (SD)	p
OSN efficiency (%)
Up to 136 minutes	23	92.3 (4.5)	0.820
More than 136 minutes	22	91.8 (5.6)
Duration of daytime sleep at home after work (min)
Up to 136 minutes	23	203.7 (97.5)	0.019
More than 136 minutes	22	132.8 (98.4)
Duration of nighttime sleep at home after work (min)
Up to 136 minutes	23	330.9 (247.3)	0.669
More than 136 minutes	22	291.8 (246.1)
OSN quality (cm)
Up to 136 minutes	23	4.8 (2.9)	0.387
More than 136 minutes	22	5.1 (1.9)

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[1] Corresponding Author: Aline Silva-Costa. E-mail: alinecos@ioc.fiocruz.br