Abstract
In the 1990s, the Brazilian automotive industry experienced a restructuring process induced by the changes in competitive strategies of assemblers and in the national economy. This study analyzes how this process took place in the period 1989-2013, under an Evolutionary theoretical approach. The restructuring process reduced the technological gap in vehicles and in the manufacturing process, in comparison to what was observed in developed countries. This has been shown in investments in the modernization of existing plants and the opening of new ones. The result was an expressive increase in production, productivity and consumption, putting Brazil in the 7th position on the ranking of producers by countries and in the 4th for domestic sales, which consolidates its condition as a regional manufacturing platform for the South American market. Moreover, some subsidiaries reached a high technological mastery level, which has enabled the autonomous development of new products.
Keywords:
Technological paradigm; Competitive strategy; Pattern of sectoral competition; Brazilian automotive industry; Regional manufacturing platform
Fonte: Anfavea/Anuário Estatístico da Indústria Automobilística 2014. Elaboração dos autores.
Fonte: Anfavea/Anuário Estatístico da Indústria Automobilística 2014. Dados deflacionados pelo IPC EUA (Ipea, 2015). Elaboração dos autores.
Fonte: Abeiva, Anfavea e Denatran em Anuário Estatístico Anfavea 2014. Os dados até 2001 referem-se a vendas internas no atacado. A partir de 2002 referem-se a licenciamento (Denatran/Renavam). Elaboração dos autores.
Fonte: Anfavea/Anuário Estatístico da Indústria Automobilística 2014. Dados deflacionados pelo IPC EUA (Ipea, 2015). Elaboração dos autores.