Outsourcing and Structural change: Sectoral and subsystem approaches applied to Brazil, 2010-2015

Morrone, Henrique; Giovanini, Adilson; Berni, Duílio de Avila

doi:10.1590/1980-53575336had

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Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo)

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Artigo de Pesquisa • Estud. Econ. 53 (3) • Jul-Sep 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575336had copy

Outsourcing and Structural change: Sectoral and subsystem approaches applied to Brazil, 2010-2015 ^♦ ♦ The authors thank the partial financial support from CNPq, grant numbers 303613/2020-3.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This article combines the sectoral and subsystem analytical approaches to explore the connection between outsourcing and structural change in Brazil. We applied statistical tests to examine the actual extent of service outsourcing in the domestic market from 2010 to 2015. Our results reveal a process of domestic outsourcing marked by the vertical integration of industrial activities and the increased weight of services in industrial subsystems. This process might reflect the reorganization of industrial activities in the 2010-2015 period. The increasing integration of market services into industrial subsystems explains, at least partially, the commonly claimed stagnation of Brazilian industry during that time.

Keywords:
Structural change; Outsourcing; Sectors; Subsystems

Occurrence	Sectoral indicator	Variation (over time)
Service outsourcing	$a_{i i}$	Decline (-)/Stable (=)
	Subsystem indicator
Service outsourcing	$c_{i i}$	Declining (-)
	$\sum_{(i = m)}^{n} C_{i} j$	Rise (+)

Subsystems	Vertical integration ( $c_{i i}$ )	Service integration ( $\sum_{i = m}^{n} C_{i j}$ )
Low vertical integration/High intersectoral disintegration
Oil refining and coking plants (19)	2.00	33.99
Manufacture of other organic and inorganic chemicals (21)	13.85	35.39
Manufacture of pesticides, paints and various chemicals (22)	17.74	33.52
Manufacture of pharmaceutical products (24)	22.34	37.76
Production of pig iron, steel and seamless steel tubes (27)	14.36	34.11
Manufacture of cars, trucks and buses, except parts (33)	11.29	28.08

Departamento de Economia; Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Atuária da Universidade de São Paulo (FEA-USP) Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, 908 - FEA 01 - Cid. Universitária, CEP: 05508-010 - São Paulo/SP - Brasil, Tel.: (55 11) 3091-5803/5947 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: estudoseconomicos@usp.br

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$D = {[A]}_{i i (2015)} - {[A]}_{i i (2010)}$
Mean d	-0.004 -1.091 Not reject H0
t value (parametric)
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05
Sign test (normal approximation)	0.884 Not reject H0
t value (non-parametric)
H0: d = 0; α= 0.05
Wilcoxon signed rank (value)		1.299 Not reject H0
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05		1.299 Not reject H0

	$D = {[C]}_{i i (2015)} - {[C]}_{i i (2010)}$
Mean d	0.011568 2.149507** Reject H0
t value (parametric)
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05
Sign test (normal approximation)	2.008316** Reject H0
t value (nonparametric)
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05
Wilcoxon signed rank (value)		2.385927** Reject H0
H0: d = 0; α= 0.05		2.385927** Reject H0

	∆ = [ $[\sum_{i = m}^{n} C_{i j (2015)}]$ (2015)] - ∆ = [ $[\sum_{i = m}^{n} C_{i j (2010)}]$ (2010)] -
Mean d	0.013775 4.776298*** Reject H0
t value (parametric)
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05
Sign test (normal approximation)	3.103761*** Reject H0
t value (nonparametric)
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05
Wilcoxon signed rank (value)		3.907984*** Reject H0
H0: d = 0; α = 0.05		3.907984*** Reject H0

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Outsourcing and Structural change: Sectoral and subsystem approaches applied to Brazil, 2010-2015 ♦ ♦ The authors thank the partial financial support from CNPq, grant numbers 303613/2020-3.

Abstract

Outsourcing and Structural change: Sectoral and subsystem approaches applied to Brazil, 2010-2015 ^♦ ♦ The authors thank the partial financial support from CNPq, grant numbers 303613/2020-3.