This article estimates the "fiscal reaction function" of the Brazilian consolidated public sector after the 1994 "Real Plan". In order to overcome the uncertainty over the dates at which changes in parameters occurred this paper uses the "Markov-switching" model in which the transition probability among regimes is endogenously determined. The results reported here strongly suggest that a major structural break has happened in the Brazilian fiscal policy around the year 2000. Inded, while the "reaction" of primary balance to changes in net debt appears to be weak or even null when one looks at the 2000-2007 period, the contrary happens in the (more volatile) 1995-2000 years. Our results also suggest that the primary surplus is positively correlated with output and uncorrelated with inflation in both regimes.
Fiscal reaction function; regime change; Markov-switching model; debt sustainability and fiscal target
