Abstract
Based on the use of the Documentary Fond of the Indian Protection Service (SPI), this article intends to show how two attempts at revolt against the dominance exercised by the SPI on important areas of indigenous life constituted a movement built next to the wide popular mobilization directed by the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), in a context dominated by the crisis of 1954 and the electoral process of 1955. From notions of the anthropology of the formation of the State, it is shown how this movement was embedded in previous structural relations, of clientele character, instituted by the SPI, and how these same relations, which daily reproduced the power of the state, were the place where conflict and revolt were built.
Keywords:
Kaiowá; communists; revolts; PCB; SPI