The purpose of this work is to discuss the contribution of the Company of Jesus to the instauration of the modern school in Brazil. Much has been said about that religious order, but it becomes imperative to consider its educational work in the perspective of the contradiction. With that intention, are analyzed the ideological aspects of the Jesuitical education, the pertinent educational relation and the materiality of the college, school establishments that have placed the Company of Jesus in the vanguard of the education, since the first time of its existence. The organization of the teaching work category is central in the analysis, while the empirical material is searched mainly on documental sources and expressive classical works from the period analyzed.
Jesuitical education; Modern school; Organization of the teaching work