Maternal depression: Associations between behavioral problems in school-aged children, organization patterns, adversities, and family environment resources

CILINO, Marina Delduca; SILVA-RODRIGUES, Ana Paula Casagrande; PEREIRA-LIMA, Karina; PIZETA, Fernanda Aguiar; LOUREIRO, Sonia Regina

doi:10.1590/1982-02752018000400007

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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY • Estud. psicol. 35 (04) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-02752018000400007 copy

Maternal depression: Associations between behavioral problems in school-aged children, organization patterns, adversities, and family environment resources

Depressão materna: associações entre problemas comportamentais de escolares e padrões de organização familiar

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this study was to verify possible associations between family organization patterns, adversities, family environment resources, and behavioral problems “in children of mothers with recurrent depression” (Group 1) compared with “children of mothers without psychiatric disorders” (Group 2). A total of 100 mother-child dyads were divided into two equal groups and were evaluated individually using the following instruments: General questionnaire; Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; Escala de Eventos Adversos; Escala de Adversidade Crônica; Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar; Raven, and an interview about family patterns. When compared to Group 2, Group 1 showed significantly more behavioral problems, adverse events, and chronic adversities and fewer family resources and family organization patterns. Negative and moderate associations were observed between behavioral problems and positive family organization patterns, evidencing the importance of mental health actions aimed at improving these patterns.

Keywords
Child; Child behavior; Depression; Mothers; Risk factors

SDQ scores	G1 (n = 50)		G2 (n = 50)		t	p-value^* * p-value for Student’s t-test/p ≤ 0.05.
SDQ scores	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t	p-value^* * p-value for Student’s t-test/p ≤ 0.05.
Total Difficulties	15.12	6.92	9.08	6.64	-4.45	<0.001
Emotional Symptoms	05.20	2.60	2.80	2.30	-4.88	<0.001
Conduct Problems	02.54	2.27	1.82	1.90	-1.72	<0.090
Hyperactivity-Inattention	04.74	3.20	3.22	3.16	-2.39	<0.020
Peer Problems	02.62	1.82	1.24	1.57	-4.06	<0.001
Pro-Social Behavior	08.50	1.61	9.10	1.45	-1.96	<0.050

Variables	G1 (n = 50)		G2 (n = 50)		t	p-value^* * p-value for Student’s t-test/p ≤ 0.05.
Variables	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	t	p-value^* * p-value for Student’s t-test/p ≤ 0.05.
EEA	14.08	05.12	08.38	4.08	-6.16	<0.001
EAC	03.92	01.82	02.22	1.61	-4.96	<0.001
RAF	57.76	10.49	62.12	8.66	-2.26	<0.030
Total Organization Patterns	17.98	04.58	24.60	4.97	-6.92	<0.001
Flexibility and Reorganization	03.54	01.61	05.78	1.54	-7.08	<0.001
Routine Stability and Time Management	05.14	02.03	07.70	2.14	-6.14	<0.001
Involvement in Children’s Daily Routine	04.48	02.74	05.22	2.92	-1.30	<0.200
Psychosocial Support and Socioeconomic Resources	04.82	01.28	05.90	1.58	-3.74	<0.001

	MD	PFOP	EEA	EAC	RAF
SDQ – Total Difficulties	r_s = 0.428^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.318^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = 0.387^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = 0.362^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.210^ p < 0.01;
SDQ – Emotional/Internalizing Symptoms	r_s = 0.436^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.337^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = 0.380^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = 0.386^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.267^ p < 0.01;
SDQ – Conduct Problems	r_s = 0.423^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.287^ p < 0.01;	r = 0.253^* * p < 0.05;	r = 0.218^* * p < 0.05;	r = -0.057
SDQ – Hyperactivity-Inattention	r_s = 0.166^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.269^ p < 0.01;	r = 0.224^* * p < 0.05;	r = 0.195	r = -0.100
SDQ – Peer Problems	r_s = 0.243^* * p < 0.05;	r = -0.230^ p < 0.01;	r = 0.309^ p < 0.01;	r = 0.294^ p < 0.01;	r = -0.210^ p < 0.01;
SDQ – Externalizing Symptoms	r_s = 0.351^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.336^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = 0.322^ p < 0.01;	r = 0.288^ p < 0.01;	r = -0.146
SDQ – Pro-Social Behavior	r_s = -0.203^* * p < 0.05;	r = 0.257^* * p < 0.05;	r = -0.206^* * p < 0.05;	r = -0.176	r = 0.161
MD – Maternal Depression	r_s = 1	r_s = -0.600^* ***** p < 0.001.	r_s = 0.535^* ***** p < 0.001.	r_s = 0.419^* ***** p < 0.001.	r_s = -0.204^* * p < 0.05;
PPOF – Positive Family Organization Patterns		1	r = -0.432^* ***** p < 0.001.	r = -0.316^* ***** p < 0.001.	r =0.158
EEA – Adverse Events		1	r = 0.588^ p < 0.01;	r = -0.328^ p < 0.01;
EAC – Chronic Adversities			1	r = -0.157
RAF – Family Environment Resource Inventory					1

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[1] Article based on the doctoral dissertation of M.D. CILINO, entitled “Padrões organizacionais familiares de crianças que convivem com adepressão materna”. Universidade de São Paulo, 2017.