The maternal interactive style in shared reading: Building a categorical evaluation system

KROEFF, Chrystian da Rosa; SILVEIRA, Nicole Pandolfo; KAFER, Ana Paula; BANDEIRA, Denise Ruschel

doi:10.1590/1982-0275201936e180151

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Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

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Sumário

THEORY AND METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY • Estud. psicol. 36 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275201936e180151 copy

The maternal interactive style in shared reading: Building a categorical evaluation system

O estilo interativo materno na leitura compartilhada: construção de um sistema de avaliação por categorias

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The way of the mother’s interaction with her child is called maternal interactive style. It has been studied in the context of shared reading. This study aimed to formulate a system of evaluation of the interactive style in shared reading through behavior categories. Categories were constructed from previous studies, and then empirically tested. Fifty-two dyads participated. The average age of the mothers was 35.70 (±6.13) years; the children’s ages varied from 22 to 76 months (Mean = 48.59; Standard Deviation = 17.88). The dyads were filmed in a shared reading interaction. The videos were then analyzed. Agreement analyses (intraclass correlation coefficient) were made between observers in order to test the categories. Most of the categories presented good or excellent agreement, indicating that they were well constructed and properly described. We believe that the system may be useful in future studies investigating the relationship of the maternal interactive style in shared reading with other variables involved.

Keywords
Parent-child relations; Mother-child relations; Reading

Category	Behavioral examples
Teaching	To correct (“shiver” after the child says “shaver”; “they weren’t really monsters”; “there is a mask”); To name (“you and the ...?”; “These are the monsters”; “there is a chest here”; “the bogeyman”); To explain (“it’s a book!”; “A little hole to see what’s there, look”; “because he’s curious”; “when he closes it, he doesn’t see who will open it”); To linguistically stimulate (“pre ... ci ... ous!”; Point out word or letter to be read); To characterize (“the mask has little holes which represent the eyes”).
Invitation	To draw the child’s attention (“What’s this here?”; “Oh, here”; “look at this, curious little one!”; “Look at the children!”); To invite (“let’s read?”; “Do you want mom to read or do you want to read?”); To create expectation (“what will happen?”; “Was it Zuza and Archimedes?”); To encourage (“see? It’s cool”; “so…”; “and then…?”; “Opened the chest and…?”); To point out (usually accompanied by “look here” or “hey”); To guide (“what came up there?”; “And what happened?”; “You have to read the book”; “let’s see this”); To invite an opinion (“what do you think?”).
Reinforcement ^* * The only category that directly depends on the child’s previous behavior.	To praise (“very well!”; “Great”; “how nice!”); To nod (“uh-huh”; “ok”; “yeah”; “that’s right”); To repeat (words, expressions, syllables, grimaces, etc.).
Connection	Relating to activities; Relating to events; Relating to specific objects; Relating to pop culture characters; Relating to the child’s own characteristics.
Modulation	Emotional expressions (“I’m scared!”;); Interjections (“huh”; “ooh”); Onomatopoeia (“brrr”); Sound effects (“tada!”); Laughter.
Narration	Storytelling; Description of what is happening in the book; Predictions about the story being told; Opinions.

Category	ICC	Confidence interval (95%)		“F” test for null hypothesis
Category	ICC	Lower limit	Upper limit	“F” value	df1	df2	p
Teaching
Single measure	0.845	0.745	0.908	11.752	51	51	0.001
Invitation
Single measure	0.849	0.751	0.910	12.133	51	51	0.001
Reinforcement
Single measure	0.912	0.852	0.949	22.395	51	51	0.001
Connection
Single measure	0.715	0.550	0.826	5.923	51	51	0.001
Modulation
Single measure	0.917	0.861	0.952	22.880	51	51	0.001
Narration
Single measure	0.831	0.723	0.899	10.650	51	51	0.001
Total
Single measure	0.917	0.860	0.951	22.989	51	51	0.001

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas Núcleo de Editoração SBI - Campus II, Av. John Boyd Dunlop, s/n. Prédio de Odontologia, 13060-900 Campinas - São Paulo Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 19 3343-7223 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: psychologicalstudies@puc-campinas.edu.br

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[1] Correspondência para/Correspondence to: C.R. KROEFF. E-mail:<chrystiankroeff@gmail.com>.