A study was done on the effects of Crotalaria juncea and carbofuran on ectoparasite nematodes of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) planted in soil naturally infested by Helicotylenchus dihystera, Criconemella ornata, Paratrichodorus minor, and Trichodorus sp. The stydy compared the use of C. juncea for one year, with incorporation, with one application of the systemic nematicide carbofuran at time of planting sugarcane var. SP79-1011. Evaluations were based upon soil nematode population densities throughout the first year of cropping. The nematode populations showed low number of specimens, being slighly influenced by the crotalaria incorporation and carbofuran application. Nematode population level remained low, during plant development, with low increment, in general, after 90 days of planting. The behavior of the C. ornata population in function of the time in plots treated with crotalaria or carbofuran was described by the equations Y = 100,56524 + 0,01504X - 0,00003032X2 (R² = 0,5605**) or Y = 10 0,62059 + 0,01394X - 0,00002786X2 (R² = 0,6416**), respectively. On sugarcane treated with carbofuran the increase of Trichodorus sp. population followed the quadractic model Y = 13,16667 - 0,10904X + 0,00065711X² (R² = 0,6916**).
