Tree Responses to Soil and Edge Effects in a Semideciduous Forest Remnant

Terra, Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos; Teodoro, Grazielle Sales; Pifano, Daniel Salgado; Fernandes, Fernando Bonillo; Silva, Tainá Mamede Cirne; Berg, Eduardo van den

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.054216

Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos Terra ^**Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos TerraDepartamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brasil e-mail: marcelacns@gmail.com

Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras/MG, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-2414

Grazielle Sales Teodoro

Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA, Belém/PA, Brasil

Daniel Salgado Pifano

Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brasil

Fernando Bonillo Fernandes

Universidade do Vale do Sapucai, Pouso Alegre/MG, Brasil

Tainá Mamede Cirne Silva

Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras/MG, Brasil

Eduardo van den Berg

Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras/MG, Brasil

*Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos TerraDepartamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brasil e-mail: marcelacns@gmail.com

Figures (4)
Tables (3)

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Figure 1
Localization of the forest studied (22º12’43” to 22º13’09”S and 45º59’30” to 46º00’31”W), in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, and the distribution of the 12 transects (white lines) in the area (1, 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9 are Edge Transects and 4, 5, 6, 10, 11 and 12 are Interior Transects).

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Figure 2
Shannon-Wiener Index (H’) rarefaction curves and standard error bars for the whole tree community, Edge and Interior in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais.

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Figure 3
Diametric distribution histogram for trees (absolute frequency) in Edge and Interior environments in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais. The percentages above the bars represent the relative frequency of trees in each diameter at breast height at 1.3 m (DBH) class. (Classes: 1: >12.73 cm; 2: >20.45 cm; 3: >28.18 cm; 4: >35.91 cm; 5: >43.64 cm; 6: >51.36 cm; 7: >59.09 cm; 8: > 66.82 cm).

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Figure 4
Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) for the sampled area in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais: ordination diagram for the transects based on the distribution of individuals from 48 species with 10 sampled individuals or more and its correlation to soil traits and impacts. The identification of the transect (T) is composed by its number and a letter: ‘E’ for Forest Edge and ‘I’ for Forest Interior. The marker size is related to its position on the third axes. K ⁺=Potassium [mg/dm³]; Ca²⁺=Calcium [mg/dm³ ]; Mg²⁺=Magnesium [mg/dm³]; H+Al=Potential Acidity [cmolc/dm³]; CS=Cation sum [cmolc/dm³]; V=Base saturation [%].

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Table 1
Structure parameters for tree species ^* * Data for 20 species with the highest IV from the total of 151 species in the sampled area. sampled in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais.

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Table 2
Average values for Basal area, Density, Wood density and Seed mass for Edge and Interior in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, p-values from the U-test for Basal Area, Density and Wood Density and the homogeneity chi-squared Test for Seed Mass.

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Table 3
Average soil and impact values for transects at Edge (E) and Interior (I) environments in a semideciduous forest in the municipality of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais.

Family	Species	N	BA	RD	RDo	RF	IV
Anacardiaceae	Tapirira obtusa (Benth.) J.D.Mitch.	85	1.14	5.728	3.426	5.728	14.881
Meliaceae	Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart.	36	3.15	2.426	9.444	2.426	14.295
Clusiaceae	Chrysochlamys saldanhae (Engl.) Oliveira-Filho	75	0.86	5.054	2.577	5.054	12.685
Asteraceae	Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish	56	0.86	3.774	2.576	3.774	10.123
Rubiaceae	Psychotria suterella Müll.Arg	67	0.20	4.515	0.586	4.515	9.615
Lauraceae	Persea rufotomentosa Nees & Mart. ex Nees	30	1.60	2.022	4.793	2.022	8.837
Primulaceae	Myrsine umbellata Mart.	35	0.60	2.358	1.811	2.358	6.528
Melastomataceae	Miconia cinnamomifolia (DC.) Naudin	28	0.89	1.887	2.668	1.887	6.442
Thymelaeaceae	Daphnopsis fasciculata (Meisn.) Nevling	34	0.61	2.291	1.835	2.291	6.418
Clethraceae	Clethra scabra Pers.	33	0.59	2.224	1.767	2.224	6.215
Celastraceae	Maytenus salicifolia Reissek	29	0.74	1.954	2.214	1.954	6.122
Euphorbiaceae	Croton floribundus Spreng.	26	0.73	1.752	2.180	1.752	5.684
Lamiaceae	Vitex sellowiana Cham.	17	0.97	1.146	2.894	1.146	5.185
Apocynaceae	Aspidosperma australe Müll.Arg.	20	0.73	1.348	2.200	1.348	4.895
Rubiaceae	Amaioua guianensis Aubl.	30	0.27	2.022	0.822	2.022	4.865
Euphorbiaceae	Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Müll.Arg.	20	0.66	1.348	1.982	1.348	4.678
Fabaceae	Machaerium villosum Vogel	19	1.01	1.280	3.027	0.337	4.644
Arecaceae	Euterpe edulis Mart.	25	0.42	1.685	1.253	1.685	4.622
Apocynaceae	Aspidosperma parvifolium A.DC.	14	0.86	0.943	2.585	0.943	4.472
Lauraceae	Ocotea diospyrifolia (Meisn.) Mez	23	0.44	1.550	1.326	1.550	4.426

Forest habitats	Basal area (m².ha^-1)	Density (ind.ha^-1)	Wood density (g.cm^-3)	Seed mass (mode class [g])
Edge	13.37	1182.76	0.614	4 [0.586]
Interior	21.70	1151.24	0.589	4 [0.388]
	p=1.54e-13*	p=0.0669	p=0.4469	p = 1.708e-07 ^* * statistically significant p-value at 95% confidence level.

Habitat	Transect	P	K	Ca	Mg	H+Al	CS	t	V	P-rem	Impacts
Edge	T1-E	1.7	70	0.15	0.2	19.1	0.5	3.5	2.8	5.1	18.8
	T2-E	2.3	64	0.2	0.1	26.7	0.5	5.4	1.7	5.6	7.5
	T3-E	1.7	87	0.2	0.2	33.4	0.6	5.8	1.8	11.8	27.5
	T7-E	2	83	0.2	0.2	17.1	0.6	3.4	3.4	31.1	27.5
	T8-E	1.7	36	0.1	0.1	19.1	0.3	3.4	1.5	3.7	8.8
	T9-E	2.8	86	0.4	0.5	33.4	1.1	5.1	3.2	17.8	28.8
	Mean	2	71	0.2	0.2	24.8	0.6	4.4	2.4	12.5	19.8
Interior	T4-I	3.1	55	0.7	0.2	21.4	1	4.1	4.6	9.4	12.5
	T5-I	1.7	61	0.2	0.3	11	0.7	2.9	5.7	25.2	10
	T6-I	1.4	41	3.5	1	4	4.6	4.8	53.5	31.1	0
	T10-I	1.4	45	0.1	0.1	23.9	0.3	4.7	1.3	14.7	1.3
	T11-I	2.8	56	0.1	0.1	26.7	0.3	4.7	1.3	4.5	0
	T12-I	3.7	28	0.1	0.1	19.1	0.3	3.2	1.4	0.8	5
	Mean	2.4	47.7	0.8	0.3	17.7	1.2	4.1	11.3	14.3	4.8

[1] *Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos TerraDepartamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Av. Doutor Sylvio Menicucci, 1001, Kennedy, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brasil e-mail: marcelacns@gmail.com

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Tree Responses to Soil and Edge Effects in a Semideciduous Forest Remnant

ABSTRACT