Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate plant cover and dry mass produced by green manures and their influence on the chemical attributes of soil for the ecological restoration of an area around bauxite mine environment in Southeast Brazil. Soil preparation, chemical fertilization and sowing of three species of green manures were carried out: Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea and Stylosanthes guianensis. In general, C. cajan and C. juncea showed the best performance in plant cover. C. cajan and S. guianensis produced more phytomass. Green manures were efficient to promote rapid plant cover and increase in soil organic matter and total-N contents in all treatments. Therefore, green manure is a viable alternative that contributes to the success of ecological restoration projects in areas in the bauxite mining environment.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the energy quality of wood and charcoal obtained from the stem and root of the genus Eucalyptus spp. From the wood, the physical, chemical and energetic properties were evaluated. For the charcoal produced in ovens of the carbonization furnaces model in the industry and produced in a muffle furnace, the physical, chemical and energetic properties were evaluated. Based on the analysis of technological properties, wood from the root has higher basic density (731.45 kg m-3) and lignin content (26.44%), however, the fixed carbon content and higher calorific value of the root (17.54% and 4547.75 kcal kg-1) were lower than for the stem wood (21.36% and 4730.82 kcal kg-1). It is recommended to use the wood from the root, both for direct burning and for the production of charcoal. The charcoal obtained in the industry, compared to that produced in muffle, presented higher energy quality.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The rising popularity of various types of wood panels and the advances in manufacturing technology have increased the uses of wood. The bonding of fibers and particles to form panels, however, involves impregnation with resins, such as phenolic adhesives, which delivery desirable quality to the panels due to their insolubility in water, resistance against heat among others, but are also recognized as carcinogenic to humans (IARC, 2004). This study involved measuring the levels of formaldehyde, remaining in wood panels after use and disposal. It was initially evaluated new panels and then examined degraded ones. The results demonstrated significant volatilization of formaldehyde during the degradation process of the panels, with losses of 74.83% for MDF and 85.71% for medium density particleboards (MDP). The results demonstrated significant volatilization of formaldehyde during the degradation process of the panels, with losses of 74.83% for MDF and 85.71% for medium density particleboards (MDP).

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The cocoa cabruca is as an agroforestry system with a density of trees equal to or greater than twenty individuals of native species per hectare cultivated in association with native or exotic trees in a discontinuous and random way in the Atlantic Forest biome.It is difficult to separate areas of cabruca cacao from the Dense Ombrophilous Forest by existing satellite imaging techniques.The study was developed in the southern region of Bahia, on two properties in the municipalities of Ilhéus and Uruçuca.The image processing methodology involved the Agisoft Photoscan software, with the multiresolution algorithm, the analysis of digital image data was performed to extract the objects and with the Feature Space Optimization tool, the set of variables that presented the best separation between land use classes.The use of UAVs was effective in classifying the mapped areas, and its use was proposed as an auxiliary tool in the application of the Decree.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of filter cake biochar on the chemical and microbiological attributes of a dystrophic red-yellow latosol cultivated with macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata), araçá (Psidium firmum) and cajuzinho do cerrado (Anacardium humile), species native to the Cerrado. Thus, the responses of soil attributes were evaluated 120 days after transplanting the seedlings using four doses of biochar (1%, 2%, 4% and 8% v/v) and two control treatments (one with soil correction and fertilization and the other with no fertilization). The attributes evaluated were pH, contents of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, CTC, total and microbial organic carbon and nitrogen, and C:N ratio. For the soils cultivated with the three Cerrado species, the 1% dose of biochar and mineral fertilization were the treatments that best conditioned the soil during the cultivation period and promoted a better response of the chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract Vascular epiphytes contribute significantly to the biodiversity of tropical forests. We aimed to identify the epiphyte species occurring in the Muriqui Trail at Serra do Brigadeiro State Park (SBSP), a priority area for Atlantic forest conservation in southeastern Brazil. We selected 10 phorophytes, from which we sampled epiphytes and took light intensity measurements at three strata: up to 4 m, 4 to 8 m, and above 8 m. Phorophytes represented eight species, eight genera, and six families. We found 25 epiphytic species from 17 genera and nine families. Ferns showed highest richness, especially Polypodiaceae. We report herein important data on epiphyte diversity in eastern Minas Gerais state (Zona da Mata), including the occurrence of species rarely cited in surveys. Fomenting local conservation along with environmental education may be pivotal for counteracting anthropic pressure on SBSP.