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Article
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Design/Sample
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Mechanisms/Results
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| Husnain et al.36 |
Prospective observational study with 136 patients. |
Patients with osteoarthritis were selected to investigate its association with anxiety and depression using the HADS questionnaire. A large- scale study is needed since the association could not be proven via the HADS questionnaire. |
| Milano et al.37 |
Observational multicentric cross-sectional study involving 1371 patients. |
Study to compare the prevalence of comorbidities in patients aged 55 to 80 years with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in relation to controls. According to the HADS scale, patients with osteoarthritis exhibited more anxiety and depression and worse quality of life than controls of the same age and sex. |
| Alabajos-Cea et al.19 |
Cross-sectional study with a total sample of 105 patients. |
Study to analyze the psychosocial differences between patients with knee pain or early knee osteoarthritis and healthy individuals at risk of developing the disease. Patients with knee pain showed higher levels of anxiety and depression regardless of early KOA, which also leads to reduced functional capacity. Depression also seems to influence the social participation of individuals. |
| Veronese et al.12 |
Longitudinal cohort study with 3,491 participants. |
Study of individuals with depressive symptoms aimed at determining whether osteoarthritis is related to increased risk of developing depressive symptoms. It was concluded that individuals with hip and knee osteoarthritis are more likely to develop depressive symptoms than those without arthritis. |
| Siviero et al.11 |
Prospective observational study with a sample of 1,967 individuals. |
Analysis of social isolation in patients with osteoarthritis. Joint pain and reduced function may increase the risk of social isolation, resulting in additional risk for those with the disease, since favorable social relationships are related to a lower mortality risk. |
| Tak et al.14 |
Cohort study involving 309 older adults with generalized radiographic osteoarthritis. |
Study involving community-dwelling older adults with generalized radiographic osteoarthritis aimed at reporting on factors associated with changes in disability after 5 years, with a focus on physical activity. It was concluded that physical activity levels declined in this population with increased disability. |
| Shams et al.38 |
Clinical trial with a sample of 440 older individuals. |
Response to a questionnaire on the personal characteristics, physical activity and depression levels of healthy active and inactive older adults versus those with knee osteoarthritis. KOA was related to negative effects on the physical and mental condition, social and family relations, general health and positive feelings; weakness had an important effect on the movement, independence and daily activities of those with KOA, leading to social isolation and limited recreational, sport and career activities. There was a significant difference in depression levels between healthy active older people and inactive individuals with KOA. |
| El Monaem et al.39 |
Clinical trial with 200 participants. |
Explore correlations between the presence of depression, clinical scores and ultrasonographic grading in osteoarthritis patients using scales. High scores in these variables are correlated with the emergence of depressive symptoms. Disability in individuals with KOA is frequently related to pain, with evolution leading to mental decline. |
| Ahn et al.31 |
Comparative study with a sample of 100 participants. |
Comparison between Asian Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans to determine whether variations in depression contribute to racial group differences in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis using pain and depression scales. The results indicate that high levels of depression in Asian Americans may be related to increased pain and sensitivity. Additionally, lack of social support combined with stress may increase pain levels and depressive symptoms. |
| Zheng et al.33 |
Randomized clinical trial with 397 individuals. |
Participants selected from a randomized clinical trial to assess the severity of depression and joint symptoms in knee osteoarthritis using the patient health questionnaire and WOMAC index. The physical limitation caused by osteoarthritis may lead to withdrawal from rewarding and social activities. The presence and incidence of depression were 25.4 and 11.2%, respectively, with initial depression not linked to changes in knee joint symptoms over 24 months. |
| Helminen et al.23 |
Prospective analysis with a total of 111 patients. |
One-year analysis of patients aged 35 to 75 years with knee osteoarthritis aimed at identifying predictors of pain and disability. The evidence suggests the importance of psychological variables (affective, behavioral and cognitive) in explaining pain and disability in osteoarthritis. Advanced age, female sex, low schooling level and high body mass index are associated with disability. |
| Carlesso et al.24 |
Secondary analysis of longitudinal data from a prospective population-based study with 462 participants. |
A standardized telephone questionnaire was used to analyze the sociodemographic data, pain impact, osteoarthritis severity (through the WOMAC index), psychosocial factors and persistent low back pain in patients with an average age of 76 years. Treatment should focus on reducing pain severity and functional limitation. |
| Duarte et al.40 |
Clinical trial with a sample of 1,645 older adults. |
Assessment of sociodemographic factors, physical activity, functionality, mental and physical health and the presence of osteoarthritis in patients over 50 years old. Those who are female, with more advanced age, more than five comorbidities, physical disability and lower physical activity levels were more likely to be diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The condition seems to be linked to disability, sedentarism, weight gain, anxiety and depression, predisposition to social isolation and the emergence of other chronic conditions. |
| Santos et al.16 |
Cross-sectional study with 50 older women diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and 51 without KOA. |
Osteoarthritis is a chronic multifactorial disease. Disability generated by this condition affects simple and complex activities involving knee movement. Participants provided written informed consent as well as personal and sociodemographic data. The following were evaluated: cognitive capacity by the MMSE; pain by the visual analog scale; indirect assessment using the sit-to-stand test; muscle power via the gait speed test; mobility by the Timed Up and Go test; cardiorespiratory fitness by the 6-minute walk test; body balance using the Berg balance scale; quality of life via the SF36 and self-perception of the disease with the WOMAC index. The assessments were carried out by a previously trained professional. It was concluded that older women with KOA showed a decline in functional performance and quality of life and higher pain levels. |
| Park et al.34 |
Cross-sectional study with a sample of 6,343 participants. |
Assessment of the relationship between KOA, mental health and quality of life. A relationship was observed between KOA and a decline in mental health and quality of life in middle aged and older individuals. |
| Helminen et al.25 |
Longitudinal cohort study with 108 participants. |
Five-year study involving participants with an average age of 63.6 years, aimed at identifying predictors of long-term pain and disability in KOA. Anxiety, pain-related cognition and psychological resources predict long-term symptoms in KOA. |
| Rathbun et al.30 |
Data analysis of 1,463 participants. |
Three years of annual data from participants with radiographic KOA were analyzed to determine whether pain severity is related to depressive symptoms and physical performance. Pain severity mediated one fifth of the association between depressive symptoms and physical performance in the individuals studied. |
| García-López et al.20 |
Cross-sectional study with a total sample of 23,089 patients. |
Assessment of patients aged 65 years or older diagnosed with osteoarthritis and classified according to pain level and use of analgesics. Patients with severe pain who used analgesics obtained higher limitation scores. Osteoarthritis is also related to high levels of social isolation, negatively affecting physical and mental health, with a commensurate individual and socioeconomic burden. |
| Stubbs et al.13 |
Systematic review with 49 studies included. |
Review of data on the incidence of depression and anxiety in patients with and without osteoarthritis. One fifth of those with osteoarthritis showed symptoms of anxiety and depression, which were also associated with increased pain and disability and a drastic decline in quality of life. |
| Zambon et al.26 |
Clinical cohort study involving 2,942 individuals. |
The WOMAC index and walking test were used to assess the role of pain and comorbidities in the association between hip and knee osteoarthritis in older adults aged 65 to 85 years. Obesity, anxiety, depression and cardiovascular diseases were associated with the worst WOMAC scores and obesity, cognitive impairment, depression, peripheral artery disease and stroke with the worst walking times. Thus, given the resulting disability, osteoarthritis can also be linked to an increase in healthcare costs and a greater demand for social care services in the older population. |
| Duica et al.21 |
Clinical trial with a sample of 123 patients. |
Using different scales and the WOMAC score, osteoarthritis was correlated with a high economic cost, work absenteeism and reduced productivity, performance, efficiency and quality of life in the population studied. Individualized treatment based on age showed positive results in reducing pain and anxiety and improving functional capacity and quality of life. |
| Sayre et al.15 |
Population-based cohort study with a sample of 122 patients. |
Assessment of the relationship between KOA, depression and anxiety in individuals aged 40 to 79 years. It was concluded that osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent, disabling and costly condition. Present-day OA predicts future anxiety and depression, highlighting the importance of OA diagnosis and measures to prevent this risk. |
| Aqeel et al.29 |
Cross-sectional study with 250 participants. |
Assessment of depression and pain anxiety symptoms in individuals of both sexes, aged 30 to 60 years, with osteoarthritis. There was a high prevalence of pain anxiety, depression and mood swings among the participants, with men being more predisposed to psychiatric features. Patients with worse mental health experienced more symptoms of chronic physical diseases. While pain exacerbates depressive symptoms, the reverse also occurs. This is related to great functional restrictions and worse physical performance. |
| Uritani et al.27 |
Randomized controlled trial with a total of 167 participants. |
Analysis of baseline data from adults aged over 50 years with KOA to examine psychological characteristics and physical activity level. Physical activity level was related to fear of movement, but the relationship with depressive symptoms was unclear. Knee osteoarthritis is associated with psychological problems such as depressive symptoms, low efficacy in symptom management, increased pain catastrophizing and fear of movement. |
| Lee e Oh17 |
Data analysis of 222 participants using serial multiple mediation analysis. |
Study of adults older than 65 years diagnosed with osteoarthritis aimed at investigating whether OA pain is related to physical function based on sleep quality, depression and fatigue. It was concluded that pain in older adults led to limited physical function. |
| Li et al.28 |
Clinical trial with 2,833 participants. |
Analysis of eight-year trajectories to detect risk factors of an unfavorable trajectory for depressive symptoms and comorbidities in patients with KOA. Depression can negatively influence osteoarthritis through biological, behavioral and psychological mechanisms. Additionally, the osteoarthritis process can cause depression. |
| White et al.32 |
Clinical trial with 1,055 participants. |
Annual measures of WOMAC physical function over 84 months to assess functional decline and associated risk factors in initially limitation-free adults in an osteoarthritis context. Baseline radiographic disease, obesity and depressive symptoms were associated with worse functional decline in 1055 participants with an average age of 61 years. Of the initially limitation-free sample, 5% were on a trajectory of progressive functional decline after 84 months. |
| James et al.10 |
Clinical trial with a sample of 889 patients. |
Assessment of the interplay between pain and functional disability in arthritis among older adults, adjusting for heterogeneity. Disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living and worse mobility were associated with pain. Greater levels of disability were identified in patients with severe pain or a worsening of pain when its effects were examined heterogeneously. Due to difficulties with personal hygiene and dressing, social engagement did not improve despite pain alleviation. |
| Han e Gellhorn35 |
Prospective cohort study including 1,013 individuals. |
A study of KOA aimed at characterizing changes in quality of life trajectories. It was concluded that different quality of life trajectories are associated with modifiable factors, showing potential for improvement over time |
| Koning et al.18 |
Multicentric study with 832 participants. |
Investigation of pain severity and variability with symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults with osteoarthritis. The findings imply that stable pain levels are more detrimental to mental health than fluctuating pain levels in older adults. With regard to the impacts of osteoarthritis, it is an important cause of functional limitation and loss of independence in this population, with chronic pain as one of the main debilitating symptoms. |
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