Effect of gamma-radiation and sodium azide on quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Seeds of rice cultivar IAC-1246 received single and combined treatments of 10 or 20 Krad gamma-rays and 0.5 mM sodium azide (SA). The experiments were carried out to assess the effect of treatments on the mean and variance in second generation plants of the following quantitative traits: number of days to flowering (NDF), culm length (CL) and tiller number (TN). In general, the mutagenic treatments increased variance, but did not change the mean for the characters NDF and CL in the M2 generation. There was no increase in the mean or variance of TN. The combined treatments of gamma-rays and SA resulted in larger variance in CL than for the treatments with gamma-rays alone, but not higher than obtained with SA alone. Combined treatments with gamma-rays and SA did not increase the variance of NDF and TN when compared with the corresponding single treatments.

Authorship

Ricardo Montalván

Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"Universidade de São PauloUniversidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"

Akihiko Ando

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tables

Tables (4)

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Table I
- Variance, mean value and coefficient of variation (CV) of three quantitative traits analyzed in the M₂ generation, originating from gamma-ray and sodium azide treatments of rice.

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Treatment (Gamma-rays (Krad) + SA (mM))Mean ± SE% of the control (pH 7.0)CV (%)CVt/CVntAmplitude of variationCulm lengthControl (pH 7) 0 + 080.58 ± 7.771009.741.0055-10010 + 081.59 ± 7.591019.220.9555-10320 + 082.30 ± 8.721029.801.0151-102Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 084.48 ± 7.321059.620.9943-1020 + 0.578.38 ± 9.579711.121.1447-10210 + 0.581.61 ± 8.7910110.921.1245-10620 + 0.579.66 ± 9.619911.661.2038-104Days to floweringControl (pH 7.0) 0 + 0101.02 ± 3.451002.911.0092-10010 + 0102.33 ± 4.301014.381.5093-12320 + 0101.94 ± 4.001013.881.3388-120Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0101.35 ± 3.241003.411.1794-1260 + 0.5102.39 ± 4.281014.121.4293-13810 + 0.5100.49 ± 3.83994.021.3891-13120 + 0.5100.73 ± 4.571003.851.3291-141Tiller numberControl (pH 7.0) 0 + 06.28 ± 2.5910044.061.001-1810 + 06.51 ± 2.6610440.330.911-1520 + 06.59 ± 2.7210541.680.951-20Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 07.27 ± 2.9011638.210.871-180 + 0.56.72 ± 2.6010739.180.891-2010 + 0.56.73 ± 2.6510740.820.931-2020 + 0.56.43 ± 2.7010241.890.951-17

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Table III
- Phenotypic variance, residual variance, "F" test (Vt/Vnt)^a and variance increase due to the mutagenic treatment (Dt)^b, estimated for three quantitative characters in the M₂ generation of the rice cultivar IAC-1246 treated with gamma-rays and sodium azide (SA).

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TraitsCombined treatmentSingle treatment10 Krad20 Krad0.5 mM SACulm length10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA1.25*0.95ns20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA1.28*1.07nsDays to flowering10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA0.81ns0.88ns20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA1.08ns0.95nsTiller number10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA1.06ns1.07ns20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA0.97ns1.06ns

Table I - Variance, mean value and coefficient of variation (CV) of three quantitative traits analyzed in the M₂ generation, originating from gamma-ray and sodium azide treatments of rice.

Source of variation	d.f.	Culm length (cm)	Days to flowering	Tiller number
Blocks	2	3.08^ns	0.49^ns	0.03^ns
Treatments	6	9.08^ns	1.69^ns	0.30^ns
Error	12	6.18	1.02	0.37
Means		81.37	101.45	6.65
CV(%)		3.05	0.10	9.35

Treatment (Gamma-rays (Krad) + SA (mM))	Mean ± SE	% of the control (pH 7.0)	CV (%)	CVt/CVnt	Amplitude of variation
Culm length
Control (pH 7) 0 + 0	80.58 ± 7.77	100	9.74	1.00	55-100
10 + 0	81.59 ± 7.59	101	9.22	0.95	55-103
20 + 0	82.30 ± 8.72	102	9.80	1.01	51-102
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	84.48 ± 7.32	105	9.62	0.99	43-102
0 + 0.5	78.38 ± 9.57	97	11.12	1.14	47-102
10 + 0.5	81.61 ± 8.79	101	10.92	1.12	45-106
20 + 0.5	79.66 ± 9.61	99	11.66	1.20	38-104
Days to flowering
Control (pH 7.0) 0 + 0	101.02 ± 3.45	100	2.91	1.00	92-100
10 + 0	102.33 ± 4.30	101	4.38	1.50	93-123
20 + 0	101.94 ± 4.00	101	3.88	1.33	88-120
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	101.35 ± 3.24	100	3.41	1.17	94-126
0 + 0.5	102.39 ± 4.28	101	4.12	1.42	93-138
10 + 0.5	100.49 ± 3.83	99	4.02	1.38	91-131
20 + 0.5	100.73 ± 4.57	100	3.85	1.32	91-141
Tiller number
Control (pH 7.0) 0 + 0	6.28 ± 2.59	100	44.06	1.00	1-18
10 + 0	6.51 ± 2.66	104	40.33	0.91	1-15
20 + 0	6.59 ± 2.72	105	41.68	0.95	1-20
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	7.27 ± 2.90	116	38.21	0.87	1-18
0 + 0.5	6.72 ± 2.60	107	39.18	0.89	1-20
10 + 0.5	6.73 ± 2.65	107	40.82	0.93	1-20
20 + 0.5	6.43 ± 2.70	102	41.89	0.95	1-17

Table III - Phenotypic variance, residual variance, "F" test (Vt/Vnt)^a and variance increase due to the mutagenic treatment (Dt)^b, estimated for three quantitative characters in the M₂ generation of the rice cultivar IAC-1246 treated with gamma-rays and sodium azide (SA).

Treatment Gamma-rays (Krad) + SA (mM))	Phenotypic variance	Residual variance	"F" = Vt/Vnt	Dt
Culm length
Control (pH 7.0) 0 + 0	61.21	61.62	1.00	-
10 + 0	62.94	65.56	1.03ns	3.94
20 + 0	68.75	65.06	1.12ns	3.44
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	61.92	66.10	1.01ns	4.48
0 + 0.5	82.50	77.89	1.35*	16.27
10 + 0.5	78.70	79.40	1.29*	17.78
20 + 0.5	88.33	86.26	1.44*	24.64
Days to flowering
Control (pH 7.0) 0 + 0	9.72	8.64	1.00	-
10 + 0	19.52	20.04	2.01*	11.40
20 + 0	15.79	15.67	1.62*	7.03
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	10.48	11.93	0.88ns	0.76
0 + 0.5	17.98	17.83	1.85*	9.19
10 + 0.5	15.76	16.34	1.62*	7.70
20 + 0.5	17.00	15.04	1.76*	6.40
Tiller number
Control (pH 7.0) 0 + 0	7.35	7.65	1.00	-
10 + 0	6.95	6.89	0.95ns	-0.76
20 + 0	7.50	7.56	1.02ns	-0.09
Control (pH 3.0) 0 + 0	7.94	7.72	1.08ns	0.07
0 + 0.5	6.89	6.94	0.94ns	-0.71
10 + 0.5	7.38	7.55	1.00ns	-0.10
20 + 0.5	7.27	7.27	0.99ns	-0.38

Traits	Combined treatment	Single treatment
Traits	Combined treatment	10 Krad	20 Krad	0.5 mM SA
Culm length	10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA	1.25*		0.95ns
Culm length	20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA		1.28*	1.07ns
Days to flowering	10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA	0.81ns		0.88ns
Days to flowering	20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA		1.08ns	0.95ns
Tiller number	10 Krad + 0.5 mM SA	1.06ns		1.07ns
Tiller number	20 Krad + 0.5 mM SA		0.97ns	1.06ns

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Effect of gamma-radiation and sodium azide on quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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