Comparative analysis of the main business processes of building companies in civil construction

Amarilla, Rosemara Santos Deniz; Iarozinski Neto, Alfredo

doi:10.1590/0104-530X2406-16

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Original Article • Gest. Prod. 25 (2) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X2406-16 copy

Comparative analysis of the main business processes of building companies in civil construction

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The work aims to present the study of the business processes of small building companies. The study led to the development of a basic model of business processes. For this, we applied the multiple case study method as main technique to identify the common processes among the companies studied. The study included five building companies of the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis and direct observations in loco. Based on the information obtained, the business process modeling was developed using BPMN notation (Business Process Modeling Notation). Thus, the study allowed the development of a basic model that presents the best practices based on the PCF model (Process Classification Framework), in view of, adequate and compatible with the reality of the organizations that work in the subsector of buildings. The framework obtains a unique view of the processes, presenting the main activities of each business process, with the intention of transmitting a single language within the company.

Keywords:
Business processes; Process mapping; Basic model of business processes; Subsector of buildings

PHASES	DESCRIPTIONS
Bibliographic research	After defining the objective, the bibliographic research was elaborated, which represents the theoretical basis for the development of this work.
Choice of methodological approach	The methodological approach provided a specific direction to develop the procedures realized with the case studies. As a specific research strategy, was applied the multiple case study.
Choice of cases	The focus for the selection of the companies was to search for constructors what worked in the subsector of buildings. Five small companies that operate in real estate development and service provision participated in this work, and are located in the city of Curitiba, Paraná. As a way of protecting the privacy of the companies studied, it was decided not to identify them. Thus the companies are denominated in this work as Companies A, B, C, D and E.
Data collect	The sources of evidence used to carry out the case studies were: semi-structured interviews, direct observations on the spot and document analyzes, such as process map, activity control sheet and documents related to the certification of the Brazilian Quality and Productivity Program of Habitat (PBQP-H).
Process modeling	The BPMN language (Business Process Modeling Notation) was used to represent the process modeling, using the Bizagi Software, to describe in a graphical environment the business processes in an agile and simple way. In this step the initial version of the mapping of the processes was obtained, which was successively adjusted with new information provided during the validation of the mapping.
Validation of modeling	The validation process was initially accomplished with the respondent which provided the information and then with people that have the authority or decision-making power over the processes. In this stage changes were made to leave the modeling the closest to reality.
Describe the cases studied	As the interviews were accomplished and the models were validated, the description was started of individual case. All the information collected during the interviews was described separately in order to carry out a comparative analysis between the companies.
Comparative analysis comparativa	For better understanding, the information was grouped and named, sought this step to establish a standard to reduce the number of diagrams representing business processes. This procedure sought to filter similar information among companies studied.

OPERATIONAL PROCESSES
1. DEVELOP VISION AND STRATEGY 1.1 Identify market opportunities 1.2 Identify new ways of adding competitive advantage
2. COORDINATE AND PLAN PROJECTS 2.1 Monitor project execution 2.2 Review executive projects 2.3 Make projects compatible
3. ELABORATE AND ANALYZE BUDGET 3.1 Quantitative survey of executive projects 3.2 Survey of materials and services 3.3 Price quotation of resources 3.4 Assemble the budget worksheet of the construction 3.5 Insurance, fees and taxes during construction
4. SELL BUILDINGS 4.1 Elaborate proposal and present it to the customer 4.2 Receiving and analyzing counter-proposal’s customer 4.3 Close buying and selling negotiation 4.4 Sign the contract
5. ACQUIRE MATERIALS AND SERVICES 5.1 Accomplish price quotation for materials and services 5.2 Select Suppliers 5.3 Emit purchase order
6. EXECUTE AND MANAGE CONSTRUCTION SITE 6.1 Elaborate schedule of activities 6.2 Mobilize construction staff 6.3 Receiving material at the construction site 6.4 Organize construction site 6.5 Executar the construction 6.6 Deliver the building
7. AFTER SALES SERVICE 7.1 Maintenance of the building
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT SERVICES
8. MANAGE HUMAN RESOURCES 8.1 Selecting Candidates 8.2 Register employees 8.3 Control Payroll 8.4 Elaborate contractual rescission
9. MANAGE OUTSOURCED SERVICES 9.1 Manage executive projects 9.2 Manage accounting services 9.3 Manage legal services
10. MANAGE HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT AND SAFETY 10.1 Manage periodic exams 10.2 Manage the work environment 10.3 Manage work safety
11 MANAGING FINANCE AND RESOURCES 11.1 Provide accounts receivable and payable 11.2 Track billing statement 11.3 Forward documents to accounting
12. PROSPECT NEW BUILDINGS AND BUSINESSES 12.1 Carry out market research 12.2 Analyze feasibility of new building 12.3 Elaborate preliminary project

Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Engenharia de Produção , Caixa Postal 676 , 13.565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 16 3351 8471 - São Carlos - SP - Brazil
E-mail: gp@dep.ufscar.br

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[1] Source: Elaborate by the authors.