The Northeast Region of Brazil is the main melon-producing region of the country, being responsible for more than 90% of the total national production. A new disease, known as "yellowing of melon plants", which has been associated to a new viral agent, the Melon yellowing-associated virus (MYaV), has been reported to cause damage on this crop since 1999. In this study we evaluated the occurrence of the MYaV in melon plants exhibiting suspicious symptoms of the disease in major melon growing states of the Northeast region. In November 2007, commercial melon fields were inspected for the occurrence of this virus. A total of 374 plants was collected in melon fields of the States of Rio Grande do Norte (54) and Ceará (37) and in the Submédio do Vale do São Francisco (283), in Bahia and Pernambuco States. Sample evaluation was performed by DAS-Elisa using polyclonal antibodies developed at the Embrapa Hortaliças for MYaV detection. Extracts prepared from leaves and stems of symptomatic plants were used as antigen. The MYaV was detected in 58.0% of the collected samples. Interestingly, the virus concentration was higher in stems than in leaves. The incidence of MYaV was higher in samples collected from Rio Grande do Norte (96.3%) and Ceará (75.7%) fields than from those in the Submédio do Vale do São Francisco (Pernambuco and Bahia, with 48.4%). These data confirmed the widespread occurrence of the virus in melon fields of the main melon-producing areas of Northeastern Brazil and the efficiency of the antibody for MYaV detection.
Cucumis melo; serology; DAS-ELISA; yellowing of melon plants; survey
