Selection indexes for agronomic and chemical traits in segregating sweet corn populations

Silva, Marina F e; Maciel, Gabriel M; Finzi, Rafael R; Peixoto, Joicy Vitoria M; Rezende, Wender S; Castoldi, Renata

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620200111

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 38 (1) • Jan-Mar 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620200111 copy

Selection indexes for agronomic and chemical traits in segregating sweet corn populations

Índices de seleção para caracteres agronômicos e químicos em população segregante de milho-doce

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

In the sweet corn breeding, the selection of superior genotypes should consider many traits simultaneously. The best strategy to select traits simultaneously is through selection indexes. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of different selection indexes based on characteristics with direct effect on grain yield in segregating sweet corn populations. Eighteen traits were evaluated in eight sweet corn genotypes on generation F3. Data were submitted to analyses of variance and path coefficient analyses. We compared the direct and indirect selection and the following indexes: base, classical, desired gains and genotype-ideotype distance. According to path coefficient analyses, the traits which showed a direct effect about grain yield (GY) were stand, number of ears, ear diameter, number of grains per row and industrial yield, which composed the indexes. The base index provided the greatest total genetic gain, desired gains on all traits, uniform distribution of the gains and considerable gains on GY.

Keywords:
Zea mays subsp. sacharatta; plant breeding; selection gain; simultaneous selection of characteristic

Source of Variation	Df	Mean square
Source of Variation	Df	STD	PP	FP	NLP	SD	PH
Genotypes	7	3.02	30.57	56.19**	0.79**	0.11	540.70**
Blocks	2	4.87	49.62	10.16	1.35	0.09	472.72
Residuals	14	1.40	19.48	5.12	0.12	0.07	28.56
Average		32.75	12.50	5.16	10.47	2.33	117.32
CV (%)		3.61	35.31	43.79	3.28	11.85	4.55
CVg (%)		2.24	15.38	79.85	4.53	4.38	11.13
CVg/CVe (%)		0.62	0.43	1.82	1.38	0.37	2.44
h² (%)		53.74	36.27	90.88	85.14	29.15	94.71
		EH	NE	EL	ED	NRE	NGR
Genotypes	7	254.51**	238.08**	1.59*	0.34**	1.58**	31.39*
Blocks	2	287.89	114.87	1.91	0.16	0.60	15.45
Residuals	14	14.86	40.30	0.55	0.03	0.17	7.36
Average		57.41	49.12	18.05	4.53	14.64	24.02
CV (%)		6.71	12.92	4.12	3.98	2.88	11.29
CVg (%)		15.56	16.52	3.26	7.16	4.67	11.78
CVg/CVe (%)		2.31	1.27	0.79	1.79	1.61	1.04
h² (%)		94.16	83.07	65.28	90.63	88.71	76.54
		GY	IY	CAR	CP	LIP	SS
Genotypes	7	7.30*	183.55**	1.29	0.78	0.38	1.43
Blocks	2	16.68	52.97	0.07	0.37	0.10	3.13
Residuals	14	2.47	13.50	0.70	0.31	0.23	1.09
Average		7.51	45.18	19.92	6.32	2.63	11.47
CV (%)		20.94	8.13	4.22	8.90	18.17	9.13
CVg (%)		16.87	16.66	2.21	6.20	8.74	2.92
CVg/CVe (%)		0.80	2.04	0.52	0.69	0.48	0.32
h² (%)		66.08	92.64	45.04	59.28	40.99	23.57

IE	STD	PP	FP	NLP	SD	PH	EH	NE	EL	ED	NRE	NGR	IY	CAR	CP	LIP	SS
STD	0.28	0.08	0.18	-0.01	0.15	-0.01	-0.03	0.20	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.12	0.03	-0.07	0.02	0.11	0.11
PP	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.03	0.00	-0.01	0.00	0.02	0.00	-0.01	0.01	0.00	-0.01
FP	0.10	0.13	0.15	0.06	0.10	0.05	0.05	0.14	0.06	-0.05	-0.03	0.08	0.00	-0.08	0.08	0.02	-0.01
NLP	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.06	0.00	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.02	-0.01	0.01	0.00	-0.02	-0.01	0.04	-0.03	0.02
SD	-0.04	-0.05	-0.05	0.00	-0.07	0.02	0.01	-0.05	0.02	0.01	0.01	-0.05	-0.01	0.02	0.00	-0.03	0.00
PH	0.00	0.00	-0.01	-0.01	0.00	-0.02	-0.01	0.00	-0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	-0.01	0.00	-0.01
EH	0.01	-0.02	-0.03	-0.03	0.02	-0.07	-0.08	-0.02	-0.07	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.20	-0.05	0.00	0.01
NE	0.12	0.14	0.16	0.08	0.11	0.04	0.04	0.17	0.05	-0.04	0.01	0.09	0.00	-0.08	0.09	0.00	0.02
EL	0.02	0.02	0.06	0.06	-0.03	0.14	0.14	0.04	0.15	-0.07	-0.08	-0.06	-0.08	-0.10	0.00	0.02	0.02
ED	0.01	-0.10	-0.14	-0.04	-0.07	-0.24	-0.30	-0.11	-0.19	0.41	0.09	0.15	0.27	0.25	0.16	-0.12	0.02
NRE	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.02	-0.01	-0.04	0.00	0.00	-0.01	0.00	0.02	-0.01
NGR	0.08	0.13	0.10	0.01	0.13	-0.10	-0.07	0.10	-0.07	0.07	-0.01	0.19	0.13	0.06	0.05	-0.03	-0.06
IY	0.03	0.04	-0.01	-0.12	0.02	-0.22	-0.14	-0.01	-0.15	0.19	0.02	0.20	0.29	0.20	0.14	-0.09	-0.18
CAR	-0.01	-0.01	-0.02	-0.01	-0.02	-0.03	-0.02	-0.02	-0.03	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.05	0.03	-0.03	-0.02
CP	0.01	0.05	0.06	0.08	0.00	0.10	0.08	0.06	0.09	-0.05	0.00	-0.03	-0.06	-0.09	0.12	-0.01	0.02
LIP	-0.02	0.01	-0.01	0.03	-0.03	0.00	0.00	0.00	-0.01	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.04	0.01	-0.06	-0.02
SS	0.02	-0.02	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.02	-0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.02	-0.02	-0.03	-0.02	0.01	0.02	0.05
Total	0.63	0.45	0.52	0.20	0.34	-0.03	-0.28	0.58	-0.07	0.60	0.10	0.77	0.63	0.20	0.04	-0.22	-0.04

Traits used in the direct selection	Selected genotypes	Selection gains direct and indirect (%)
Traits used in the direct selection	Selected genotypes	STD	NE	ED	NGR	GY	IY
STD	L6P15, L8P12 and L8P7	1.50	12.00	1.09	3.44	9.90	-2.26
NE	L6P15, L8P10 and L8P12	1.32	16.70	-1.62	5.67	9.76	1.77
ED	L6P2, L7P3 and L8P7	0.05	-10.73	5.56	1.03	2.54	9.37
NGR	L6P15, L6P2 and L7P3	0.19	1.10	2.52	9.60	5.82	10.74
GY	L6P15, L7P3 and L8P12	0.77	11.06	1.89	8.86	11.65	4.42
IY	L6P15, L7P3 and L8P10	0.41	7.49	0.03	8.71	8.52	13.53

Traits	Selection genetic gain (%)
Traits	Base index	Classic index	Desired gains index	Genotype-ideotype distance index
STD	0.41	1.32	0.96	0.96
NE	7.49	16.70	6.74	4.86
ED	0.03	-1.62	-0.99	1.43
NGR	8.71	5.67	6.41	-2.90
GY	8.52	9.76	3.92	6.47
IY	13.53	1.77	8.08	0.40
Total	38.69	33.60	25.12	11.22
Selected genotypes	L6P15, L7P3 and L8P10	L6P15, L8P10 and L8P12	L6P15, L6P2 and L8P10	L8P10, L8P12 and L8P7

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