Novos registros de algas marinhas vermelhas na costa do Estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil

Soares, Luanda Pereira; Carneiro, Pedro Bastos de Macedo; Fujii, Mutue Toyota

doi:10.1590/2236-8906-41/2017

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Articles • Hoehnea 45 (2) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-41/2017 copiar

Novos registros de algas marinhas vermelhas na costa do Estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Um recente levantamento florístico de Rhodophyta do Estado do Ceará (02º46'30''-07º52'15''S, 37º14'54''-41º24'45''W), Brasil, revelou a ocorrência de 113 espécies distribuídas em 14 ordens, 28 famílias e 63 gêneros. Dentre esses, 18 espécies pertencentes a sete ordens são novos registros, algumas pobremente descritas e ilustradas na literatura ou somente citadas em listas. Com o objetivo de expandir o conhecimento taxonômico acerca dessas espécies, são apresentadas descrições detalhadas, ilustrações e comparações com táxons relacionados. A ocorrência de Ceratodictyon scoparium é confirmada na costa do Atlântico Sul. Os gametófitos masculinos de Dohrniella antillarum var. brasiliensis e tetrasporófitos de Gracilariopsis silvana são ilustrados pela primeira vez. Ceramium fujianum é um novo registro para a costa nordeste do Brasil. Dentre as novas ocorrências, Callithamnion corymbosum, Ceramium clarionense, C. fujianum and C. scoparium mostraram uma expansão significativa da distribuição geográfica ao longo do litoral brasileiro. A maioria das espécies é filamentosa, diminutas ou formam tufos, demonstrando a necessidade de novas coletas para detectar a presença desses componentes.

Palavras-chave:
biodiversidade; macroalgas; Rhodophyta; taxonomia

Autoria

Luanda Pereira Soares ⁴4Corresponding author: luanda87@gmail.com

Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, Av. Miguel Stefano 3687, 04301-902 São Paulo, SP, BrasilInstituto de BotânicaBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilInstituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ficologia, Av. Miguel Stefano 3687, 04301-902 São Paulo, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4207-5022

Pedro Bastos de Macedo Carneiro

Universidade Federal do Ceará, Instituto de Ciências do Mar (Labomar), Av. Abolição 3207, 60165-081 Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do CearáBrasilFortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará, Instituto de Ciências do Mar (Labomar), Av. Abolição 3207, 60165-081 Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Mutue Toyota Fujii

4Corresponding author: luanda87@gmail.com

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras

Figuras (11)

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Figure 1
Map of Brazil showing study sites along the Ceará State coast.

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Figure 2
a-e. Callithamnion corymbosum. a. General habit. b. Detail of branching pattern. c. A multinucleate cell (arrows indicate nuclei). d. Apical hyaline hairs. e. Detail of hyaline hairs. f-h. Acrothamnion butleriae. f. General habit. g. Detail of erect axe. h. Detail of gland cell (arrow). i-l. Ceramium clarionense. i. General habit. j. Nodal cortication. k. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell, pd: pseudoperiaxial cell, apd: pseudoacropetal cell, bpd: pseudobasipetal cell). l. Cystocarp with gonimolobes surrounded by involucral branches. m-o. Ceramium deslongchampsii. m. General habit. n. Detail of a smooth multicellular rhizoid. o. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell). Scale bars = 1.5 mm (a), 250 µm (b, m), 25 µm (c, h, j, k), 100 µm (d-g, l, n, o), 1 mm (i).

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Figure 3
a-f. Ceramium fujianum. a. General habit. b. Detail of nodes and internodes. c. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell, a: acropetal cell, b: basipetal cell). d. Whorled tetrasporangia in stichidia-like structures. e. Detail of tetrasporangia partially covered by cortical cells (arrows). f. Cystocarps with gonimolobes surrounded by involucral branches. g-m. Dohrniella antillarum var. brasiliensis. g. General habit. h. Detail of alternate branching. i. Digitate rhizoid. j. Detail showing the small basal cells of lateral branches. k. Apical branch showing papilliform cells, singly or up to 2 per branch cell. l. Spermatangial branches (arrows). m. Detail of spermatangial structures. Scale bars = 250 µm (a, h), 25 µm (b, c, e, i-m), 100 µm (d, f), 1.6 mm (g).

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Figure 4
a-i. Herposiphonia delicatula. a. General habit of sterile plant. b. Detail of thallus showing trichoblasts well-developed and indeterminate branches produced every three segments. c. Rhizoid unicellular with digitate tip. d. Squash preparation of a determinate branch, showing the axial cell (a) and eight pericentral cells (p). e. Detail showing three trichoblasts produced per branch. f. Trichoblast basal cell (arrow). g. Procarp disposed in the lower half of erect branch (arrow). h. Detail of female plant showing the carpogonial branch (cb) and tricogine (tr). i. Mature cystocarp. Scale bars = 820 µm (a), 250 µm (b), 25 µm (c, d, f, h, i), 100 µm (e, g).

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Figure 5
a-h. Laurencia aldingensis. a. General habit. b. Cortical cells in surface view, showing secondary pit-connections (arrows). c. Longitudinal section through a branchlet showing non-projecting cortical cells. d. Transverse section of the thallus, with an axial cell (a). e. Transverse section of the thallus showing an axial cell (a) and four pericentral cells (p). f. Longitudinal section through a branchlet showing spermatangial branches and an axial cell row discernible at the base (arrow). g. Detail of spermatangial branches (arrow) and sterile branch (sb) on trichoblast (bt). h. Detail of spermatangial branches showing terminal vesicular sterile cells (arrow). Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 25 µm (b, e-h), 100 µm (c, d).

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Figure 6
a-e. Laurencia oliveirana. a. General habit. b. Detail of branching. c. Basal portion with discoid holdfast (arrow). d. Cortical cells in surface view, showing secondary pit-connections (arrows). e. Transverse section of the thallus, showing cortical cells not arranged in palisade. Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 2 mm (b), 1 mm (c), 25 µm (d, e).

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Figure 7
a-d. Colaconema infestans. a. Habit of endophytic filaments in Acanthophora muscoides. b. Detail of endophytic filaments showing the contorted cells. c. Detail showing a short erect filament with a monosporangium (arrow). d. Detail of a single unicellular hair. e-i. Gelidiella flabella. e. General habit. f. Detail of sparse and irregular branching; note the slight central thickening, like a midrib. g. Surface view of apex, showing apical cell (arrow). h. Cross section in the basal region of an erect branch. i. Cross section in the middle region of an erect branch. Scale bars = 10 µm (a-d), 1 cm (e), 1.6 mm (f), 25 µm (g-i).

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Figure 8
a-h. Chondracanthus saundersii. a. General habit. b. Detail of compressed thallus, with apical fixation pads (arrows). c. Surface view showing rounded to ovate cortical cells. d. Transverse section of the basal region. e. Transverse section of the median region. f. Transverse section showing detail of outer and inner cortical cells. g. Cystocarp in surface view. h. Transverse section of cystocarp showing large central carposporangial mass surrounded by medullary filaments. i-l. Gracilaria hayi. i. General habit. j. Transverse section of the median region, showing abrupt transition between cortical and medullary cells. k. Transverse section of tetrasporophyte, showing cruciate tetrasporangia. l. Transverse section of spermatangial thallus, showing shallow textorii-type conceptacles. Scale bars = 1 cm (a, i), 1.6 mm (b), 25 µm (c, f, j-l), 100 µm (d, e, h), 200 µm (g).

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Figure 9
a-f. Gracilariopsis silvana. a, b. Range of habit variation. c. Branches with proliferations. d. Detail showing lanceolate and tortuous branchlets. e. Transverse section of the median region, showing gradual transition between cortical and medullary cells. f. Transverse section of tetrasporophyte, showing cruciate tetrasporangia (arrow). g-k. Grateloupia dichotoma. g. General habit. h. Surface view of thallus. i. Transverse section of thallus. j. Transverse section showing outer and inner cortical cells. k. Transverse section showing a stellate cell in the outer medulla. l-m. Grateloupia filiformis. l. General habit. m. Transverse section of cystocarp; note the ostiole not protruding. Scale bars = 1 cm (a, b, g, l), 1.6 mm (c, d), 100 µm (e, m), 25 µm (f, h, i-k).

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Figure 10
a-b. Ceratodictyon planicaule. a. General habit. b. Transverse section of the median region of thallus. c-f. Ceratodictyon scoparium. c-d. Range of habit variation. e. Transverse section of the basal region of thallus. f. Transverse section of the median region of thallus. Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 25 µm (b), 1 cm (c, d), 50 µm (e, f).

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Figure 11
Distribution of red seaweeds taxa by Brazilian States.

Figure 1 Map of Brazil showing study sites along the Ceará State coast.

Figure 2 a-e. Callithamnion corymbosum. a. General habit. b. Detail of branching pattern. c. A multinucleate cell (arrows indicate nuclei). d. Apical hyaline hairs. e. Detail of hyaline hairs. f-h. Acrothamnion butleriae. f. General habit. g. Detail of erect axe. h. Detail of gland cell (arrow). i-l. Ceramium clarionense. i. General habit. j. Nodal cortication. k. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell, pd: pseudoperiaxial cell, apd: pseudoacropetal cell, bpd: pseudobasipetal cell). l. Cystocarp with gonimolobes surrounded by involucral branches. m-o. Ceramium deslongchampsii. m. General habit. n. Detail of a smooth multicellular rhizoid. o. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell). Scale bars = 1.5 mm (a), 250 µm (b, m), 25 µm (c, h, j, k), 100 µm (d-g, l, n, o), 1 mm (i).

Figure 3 a-f. Ceramium fujianum. a. General habit. b. Detail of nodes and internodes. c. Detail of the nodal cortication (p: periaxial cell, a: acropetal cell, b: basipetal cell). d. Whorled tetrasporangia in stichidia-like structures. e. Detail of tetrasporangia partially covered by cortical cells (arrows). f. Cystocarps with gonimolobes surrounded by involucral branches. g-m. Dohrniella antillarum var. brasiliensis. g. General habit. h. Detail of alternate branching. i. Digitate rhizoid. j. Detail showing the small basal cells of lateral branches. k. Apical branch showing papilliform cells, singly or up to 2 per branch cell. l. Spermatangial branches (arrows). m. Detail of spermatangial structures. Scale bars = 250 µm (a, h), 25 µm (b, c, e, i-m), 100 µm (d, f), 1.6 mm (g).

Figure 4 a-i. Herposiphonia delicatula. a. General habit of sterile plant. b. Detail of thallus showing trichoblasts well-developed and indeterminate branches produced every three segments. c. Rhizoid unicellular with digitate tip. d. Squash preparation of a determinate branch, showing the axial cell (a) and eight pericentral cells (p). e. Detail showing three trichoblasts produced per branch. f. Trichoblast basal cell (arrow). g. Procarp disposed in the lower half of erect branch (arrow). h. Detail of female plant showing the carpogonial branch (cb) and tricogine (tr). i. Mature cystocarp. Scale bars = 820 µm (a), 250 µm (b), 25 µm (c, d, f, h, i), 100 µm (e, g).

Figure 5 a-h. Laurencia aldingensis. a. General habit. b. Cortical cells in surface view, showing secondary pit-connections (arrows). c. Longitudinal section through a branchlet showing non-projecting cortical cells. d. Transverse section of the thallus, with an axial cell (a). e. Transverse section of the thallus showing an axial cell (a) and four pericentral cells (p). f. Longitudinal section through a branchlet showing spermatangial branches and an axial cell row discernible at the base (arrow). g. Detail of spermatangial branches (arrow) and sterile branch (sb) on trichoblast (bt). h. Detail of spermatangial branches showing terminal vesicular sterile cells (arrow). Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 25 µm (b, e-h), 100 µm (c, d).

Figure 6 a-e. Laurencia oliveirana. a. General habit. b. Detail of branching. c. Basal portion with discoid holdfast (arrow). d. Cortical cells in surface view, showing secondary pit-connections (arrows). e. Transverse section of the thallus, showing cortical cells not arranged in palisade. Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 2 mm (b), 1 mm (c), 25 µm (d, e).

Figure 7 a-d. Colaconema infestans. a. Habit of endophytic filaments in Acanthophora muscoides. b. Detail of endophytic filaments showing the contorted cells. c. Detail showing a short erect filament with a monosporangium (arrow). d. Detail of a single unicellular hair. e-i. Gelidiella flabella. e. General habit. f. Detail of sparse and irregular branching; note the slight central thickening, like a midrib. g. Surface view of apex, showing apical cell (arrow). h. Cross section in the basal region of an erect branch. i. Cross section in the middle region of an erect branch. Scale bars = 10 µm (a-d), 1 cm (e), 1.6 mm (f), 25 µm (g-i).

Figure 8 a-h. Chondracanthus saundersii. a. General habit. b. Detail of compressed thallus, with apical fixation pads (arrows). c. Surface view showing rounded to ovate cortical cells. d. Transverse section of the basal region. e. Transverse section of the median region. f. Transverse section showing detail of outer and inner cortical cells. g. Cystocarp in surface view. h. Transverse section of cystocarp showing large central carposporangial mass surrounded by medullary filaments. i-l. Gracilaria hayi. i. General habit. j. Transverse section of the median region, showing abrupt transition between cortical and medullary cells. k. Transverse section of tetrasporophyte, showing cruciate tetrasporangia. l. Transverse section of spermatangial thallus, showing shallow textorii-type conceptacles. Scale bars = 1 cm (a, i), 1.6 mm (b), 25 µm (c, f, j-l), 100 µm (d, e, h), 200 µm (g).

Figure 9 a-f. Gracilariopsis silvana. a, b. Range of habit variation. c. Branches with proliferations. d. Detail showing lanceolate and tortuous branchlets. e. Transverse section of the median region, showing gradual transition between cortical and medullary cells. f. Transverse section of tetrasporophyte, showing cruciate tetrasporangia (arrow). g-k. Grateloupia dichotoma. g. General habit. h. Surface view of thallus. i. Transverse section of thallus. j. Transverse section showing outer and inner cortical cells. k. Transverse section showing a stellate cell in the outer medulla. l-m. Grateloupia filiformis. l. General habit. m. Transverse section of cystocarp; note the ostiole not protruding. Scale bars = 1 cm (a, b, g, l), 1.6 mm (c, d), 100 µm (e, m), 25 µm (f, h, i-k).

Figure 10 a-b. Ceratodictyon planicaule. a. General habit. b. Transverse section of the median region of thallus. c-f. Ceratodictyon scoparium. c-d. Range of habit variation. e. Transverse section of the basal region of thallus. f. Transverse section of the median region of thallus. Scale bars = 1 cm (a), 25 µm (b), 1 cm (c, d), 50 µm (e, f).

Figure 11 Distribution of red seaweeds taxa by Brazilian States.

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[1] 4Corresponding author: luanda87@gmail.com