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Synopsis of Orchidaceae from Serra do Urubu: an area of montane forest, Pernambuco State, Brazil

Sinopse de Orchidaceae na Serra do Urubu: uma área de floresta montana do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

Abstracts

This study provides a survey of Orchidaceae species in an area of montane Atlantic Forest in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The study area comprises two conservation units (RPPN Frei Caneca and RPPN Pedra D’Anta), forming together the Serra do Urubu, which is located in the border of the Borborema plateau. Orchidaceae is represented in this study area by 81 species and 50 genera. Epidendrum L. (10 spp.) and Habenaria Willd. (four spp.) are the most representative genera. The subtribes Laeliinae (22 spp.) and Pleurothallidinae (14 spp.) together represent about half of the number of species. The high number of orchid species distinguishes Serra do Urubu as one of the richest areas for the family in the Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil. Our study also provides 18 new records of species to Pernambuco as well as reporting on about 40% of the species and 60% of the genera cited to the State. Campylocentrum pernambucense, Cattleya labiata, Cattleya granulosa, Phragmipedium sargentianum and Zygostates bradeiare cited as endangered, 14 species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, and other seven have distributions restricted to northeastern Brazil. All these facts reinforce the importance of this area as well as management strategies for the conservation of Orchidaceae.

hotspot; monocots; northeastern Brazil; orchids


Esse estudo apresenta um inventário taxonômico das espécies da família Orchidaceae em uma área de Floresta Atlântica no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. A área de estudo compreende duas unidades de conservação (RPPN Frei Caneca e RPPN Pedra D’Anta) que formam juntas a Serra do Urubu, localizada no limite oriental do planalto da Borborema. Orchidaceae está representada na área por 81 espécies e 50 gêneros, sendo Epidendrum L. (10 spp.) e Habenaria Willd. (quatro spp.) os mais ricos. As subtribos Laeliinae (22 spp.) e Pleurothallidinae (14 spp.) juntas correspondem a cerca da metade do número de espécies. O alto número de orquídeas evidencia a Serra do Urubu como a área mais rica em espécies da família para Floresta Atlântica do Nordeste do Brasil. Esse estudo apresenta 18 novos registros para o Estado de Pernambuco, e inclui cerca de 40% das espécies e 60% dos gêneros citados para o Estado. Campylocentrum pernambucense, Cattleya labiata, Cattleya granulosa, Phragmipedium sargentianum e Zygostates bradeisão citados como ameaçados de extinção, 14 espécies são endêmicas da Floresta Atlântica, e sete tem distribuição restrita a região Nordeste do Brasil, isso reforça a importância da área para conservação da família Orchidaceae.

hotspot; monocotiledôneas; Nordeste do Brasil; orquídeas


Introduction

The Atlantic Forest biome is the second largest forested formation in South America, but due to the high level of deforestation, and the high number of endemic species, it is considered one of the world's hotspots in biodiversity (Mittermeyer et al. 2004Mittermeier, R.A., Robles, G.P., Hoffmann, M., Pilgrim, J., Brooks, T., Mittermeier, C.G., Lamoreux, J. & Fonseca, G.A.B. 2004. Hotspots Revisited. Garza Garcia N.L. CEMEX, Mexico City.). More than 20,000 species of Angiosperms have been recorded for the Atlantic Forest, and ca. 8,000 (40%) are considered endemic to this formation (Myers et al. 2000Myers, N., Mittermeier, R., Mittermeier, C., Fonseca, G. & Kent, J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 845-853.).

Historical factors point out the northern portion of such ecosystem as the most endangered mainly because it is composed of small and isolated fragments in a matrix of sugarcane (Ranta et al. 1998Ranta, P., Blom, T., Niemela, J., Joensuu, E. & Siitonen, M. 1998. The fragmented Atlantic rain forest of Brazil: size, shape and distribution of forest fragments. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 385-403.). The Atlantic Forest north of Rio São Francisco [also known as Pernambuco Endemism Center (Prance 1982Prance, G.T. 1982. Forest refuges: evidences from woody angiosperms. In: G.T. Prance (ed.). Biological diversification in the tropics. Columbia University Press, New York. pp. 137-158.)] has been far less studied than the southern portion. Furthermore, due to the several new taxa which have been recently described (Alves-Araújo & Alves 2011Alves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M. 2011. Two new species of Pouteria (Sapotaceae) from the Atlantic Forest. Systematic Botany 36: 1005-1007., 2012aAlves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M. 2012a. Two new species and a new combination of Neotropical Sapotaceae. Brittonia 64: 23-29., 2012bAlves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M. 2012b. Pouteria ciliata, P. confusa, P. nordestinensis and P. velutinocarpa spp. nov. (Sapotaceae) from Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 1-8., Amorim & Alves 2012Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. 2012. A new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic Forest, northeastern Brazil. Systematic Botany 37: 694-698., Melo & Alves 2012Melo, A. & Alves, M. 2012. A discovery of Lacandonia (Triuridaceae) in Brazil. Phytotaxa 40: 21-25., Araújo & Alves 2013Terra, M., Farias, A.D., Alves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M.2013. Pradosia restingae sp. nov. (Sapotaceae) from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 437-441., Amorin et al.2013Amorim, B.S., Lourenco, A.R. & Alves, M. 2013. A new species of Myrcia (Myrteae, Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 65: 296-300., Costa-Lima & Alves 2013Costa-Lima, J.L. & Alves, M. 2013. A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 141: 55-60., Lourenço et al. 2013Lourenço, A.R., Amorim, B.S. & Alves, M. 2013. Eugenia pipensis, a new species of Eugenia sect. Umbellatae (Myrtaceae) from northeastern Brazil. Phytotaxa 104: 30-34., Terra et al. 2013Terra, M., Farias, A.D., Alves-Araújo, A. & Alves, M.2013. Pradosia restingae sp. nov. (Sapotaceae) from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 437-441., Costa-Lima et al. 2014Costa-Lima, J.L., Alves, M. & Loyola, M.I. 2014. A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from northeastern Brazil. Brittonia 66: 60-64., Pessoa &Alves 2014Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. 2014. A new species and a new combination in Stelis (Orchidaceae) from South America. Brittonia 66: 156-159., Pessoa et al. 2014aPessoa, E., Barros, F., Alves, M. 2014a. Specklinia integripetala and S. ianthina spp. nov. (Orchidaceae) from northeastern Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 129-132., 2014bPessoa, E., Felix, L.P. & Alves, M. 2014b. A new Epidendrum (Laellinae-Orchidaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil: Evidence from morphology and cytogenetics. Brittonia 66: 347-352.), the Pernambuco Endemism Center is pontentially much more diverse than it is currently known.

In the State of Pernambuco only 4.6% of the original Atlantic Forest remains (Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Meio Ambiente 1994), and the only two surveys of the family in these forest fragments were carried out by Siqueira-Filho & Felix (2006)Siqueira-Filho, J.A. & Felix, L.P. 2006. Bromélias e Orquídeas. In: K.C. Pôrto J.S. Almeida-Cortez & M. Tabarelli (org.). Diversidade Biológica e Conservação da Floresta Atlântica ao Norte do Rio São Francisco. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília. pp. 219-228. and Pessoa & Alves (2012)Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. 2012. Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Orchidaceae. Rodriguesia 63: 341-356.. According to Stehmann et al. (2009)Stehmann, J.R., Forzza, R.C., Sobral, M. & Kamino, L.H.Y. 2009. Gimnospermas e Angiospermas. In: J.R. Stehmann, R.C. Forzza, A. Salino, M. Sobral, D.P. Costa, & L.H.Y. Kamino (eds.). Plantas da Floresta Atlântica. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 27-37., Orchidaceae is very well represented in the Atlantic Forest, with ca. 1400 species (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). They also stressed that from the 180 species cited for the State of Pernambuco, 90% of them occur in the forest fragments of this ecosystem.

The aim of this study was to provide a survey of the Orchidaceae species in a montane area of Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. Our survey includes an identification key, pictures or illustrations, and comments on geographical distribution, ecology as well as main characters of the species.

Material and methods

The study area comprises two conservation units: Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Frei Caneca and Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Pedra D'Anta. Both areas are located in the Serra do Urubu (8°42'S and 35°50'W), within the municipalities of Lagoa dos Gatos, São Benedito do Sul and Jaqueira, in the eastern border of the Borborema plateau (Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil).

The climate is considered tropical wet and dry (Aw sensu Köppen), with an annual average precipitation of 1200 mm, and mean temperatures between 18-30 °C (LAMEPE/ITEP). The site comprises Montane Dense Ombrophilous Forest based on the types of vegetation proposed by Veloso (1992)Veloso, H.P. 1992. Sistema fitogeográfico. In: Manual técnico da vegetação brasileira. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 9-38..

The Serra do Urubu is mainly covered by forest with some exposed rocky outcrops and has an altitude of 600-750 m ASL. The lower elevation areas (300‑400 m) are occupied by sugarcane crops.

The fieldwork was carried out from December 2010 to May 2013, covering eleven months of each year with the exception of February. The samples were submitted to the usual taxonomic procedures (Mori et al.1985Mori, S.A., Mattos-Silva, L.A., Lisboa, G. & Coradin, L. 1985. Manual de Manejo do Herbário Fanerogâmico. 2 ed. CEPLAC/CEPEC, Ilhéus.) and then deposited at the UFP herbarium, with duplicates sent to NY and RB, among other herbaria.

Samples previously collected from the study area were located and studied at the herbaria visited (ALCB, CEPEC, EAC, EAN, HST, HUEFS, IPA, JPB, MAC, PEUFR, RB and UFP; acronyms according to Thiers 2014Thiers, B. 2014. Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium. Available at <http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/> (access in 8-III-2014).
http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/...
).

Taxonomic identification was based upon the most important references [Dunsterville & Garay (1959Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1959. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 1. Andre Deutsch, London., 1961Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1961. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 2. Andre Deutsch, London., 1965Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1965. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 3. Andre Deutsch, London., 1966Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1966. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 4. Andre Deutsch, London., 1972Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1972. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 5. Andre Deutsch, London., 1976Dunsterville, G.C.K. & Garay, L.A. 1976. Venezuelan Orchids Illustrated, v. 6. Andre Deutsch, London.), Pabst & Dungs (1975Pabst, G.F.J. & Dungs, F. 1975. Orchidaceae Brasilienses. v. 1. Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim., 1977Pabst, G.F.J. & Dungs, F. 1977. Orchidaceae Brasilienses. v. 2. Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim.), Carnevali et al.(2003)Carnevali, G., Ramírez-morillo, I.M., Romero-González, G.A., Vargas, C.A. & Foldats, E. 2003. Orchidaceae. In: P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych. & B.K. Holts (eds.). Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, v. 7. Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis. pp. 200-618. and Toscano-de-Brito & Crib (2005)Toscano-de-Brito, A.L. & Cribb, P. 2005. Orchidaceae da Chapada Diamantina. Nova Fronteira, São Paulo.] and analysis of herbarium collections.

The morphological terminology follows Harris & Harris (2001)Harris, J. & Harris, M. 2001. Plant identification terminology - an illustrated glossary. 2 ed. Spring Lake Publishing, Payson. and Gonçalves & Lorenzi (2007)Gonçalves, E. & Lorenzi, H. 2007. Morfologia Vegetal - organografia e dicionário ilustrado de morfologia das plantas vasculares. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa.. The data on geographical distribution of the species follows Barros et al. (2014)Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
and Govaerts et al. (2014)Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
. Basionyms, whenever necessary, are provided after the accepted name as well as new synonyms.

Results and Discussion

Orchidaceae is represented in Serra do Urubu by 81 species and 50 genera. Epidendrum L. (10 spp.) and Habenaria Willd. (four spp.) are the most speciesrich genera. The subtribes Laeliinae (22 spp.) and Pleurothallidinae (14 spp.) represent together almost half of the total number of species found in the area. The diversity of orchid species in Serra do Urubu ranks the area as one of the richest for the family in the Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil (Pessoa & Alves 2011Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. 2011. Orchidaceae Juss. na Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brasil. Revista Caatinga 24: 102-114., Pessoa & Alves 2012Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. 2012. Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Orchidaceae. Rodriguesia 63: 341-356., Marinho & Azevedo 2013Marinho, L.C. & Azevedo, C.O. 2013. Orchidaceae na Reserva do Poço Escuro, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. Sitientibus série Ciências Biológicas 13: 1-14., Coelho & Amorim 2014Coelho, M.M. & Amorim, A.M. 2014. Floristic composition of the Montane Forest in the Almadina-Barro Preto axis, Southern Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 14: 1-41.).

This study provides 18 new records of species to the State of Pernambuco. The results also encompass about 40% of the species and 60% of the genera cited to the State by Barros et al. (2014)Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
. The forested portion of Serra do Urubu is more speciesrich (65 spp.) than the rock outcrops (17 spp.), and only five species share both habitats. According to Barros et al. (2014)Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, among the species found in the area, 14 are considered endemic to the Atlantic Forest, and seven are known only in northeastern Brazil, including a recently described one, Specklinia integripetala E.Pessoa & F.Barros (Pessoa et al. 2014aPessoa, E., Barros, F., Alves, M. 2014a. Specklinia integripetala and S. ianthina spp. nov. (Orchidaceae) from northeastern Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 129-132.). Campylocentrum pernambucense Hoehne, Cattleya labiata Lindl., Cattleya granulosa Lindl., Phragmipedium sargentianum (Rolfe) Rolfe and Zygostates bradei (Schltr.) Garay are cited as endangered by the Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2008)Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2008. Lista Oficial das Espécies da Flora Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. Instrução Normativa MMA nº 06/2008. Available at <www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio> (access in 3-IX-2009).
www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio...
, Biodiversitas (2008)Biodiversitas. 2008. Lista da Flora Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Orchidaceae. Available at <http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/grupo3fim.asp> (access in 23-IV-2010).
http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/...
and Martinelli & Moraes (2013)Martinelli, G. & Moraes, M.A. 2013. Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.. These facts reinforce the value of the area for Orchid conservation.

When the data are compared to a lowland Atlantic Forest area in Pernambuco State [Usina São José, Pessoa & Alves (2012)Pessoa, E. & Alves, M. 2012. Flora da Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco: Orchidaceae. Rodriguesia 63: 341-356.], it is clear that both sites do not share the same compostion of the orchid flora (only 11 shared species). Around 80% of the species from the montane forest are not found in the lowland forest, which shows a strong split pattern in the orchid flora locally.

Seventeen species cited by Siqueira-Filho & Felix (2006)Siqueira-Filho, J.A. & Felix, L.P. 2006. Bromélias e Orquídeas. In: K.C. Pôrto J.S. Almeida-Cortez & M. Tabarelli (org.). Diversidade Biológica e Conservação da Floresta Atlântica ao Norte do Rio São Francisco. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília. pp. 219-228. for the same area were not found during our field trips nor located at the indicated herbaria. Due to the lack of vouchers to corroborate the occurrence of these species in the area, they were ruled out from the present study.

    Key to the species of Orchidaceae from Serra do Urubu
  • 1. Hemi-epiphyte herbs; internodes voluble

    • 2. Leaves coriaceous, oblong; internodes > 9.0 cm long ................................................. 80. Vanilla cf. pompona

    • 2. Leaves membranaceous, elliptic; internodes < 7.0 cm long .................................... 79. Vanilla aff. mexicana

  • 1. Epiphyte, rupiculous or terrestrial herbs; internodes not voluble

    • 3. Inflorescence lateral

      • 4. Pseudobulb absent

        • 5. Leaves fleshy, coriaceous to sub-coriaceous; inflorescence many-flowered

          • 6. Leaves cylindrical, apex acute; inflorescence < 0.8 cm long .......... 12. Campylocentrum pernambucense

          • 6. Leaves plane, apex 2-lobed; inflorescence > 1.3 cm long

            • 7. Leaves oblong, coriaceous; spur slightly curved; fruits not-ribbed ................................................................................................................................................... 10. Campylocentrum crassirhizum

            • 7. Leaves oblong-elliptic, sub-coriaceous; spur strongly curved; fruits 6-ribbed .................................................................................................................................. 11. Campylocentrum micranthum

        • 5. Leaves membranaceous; inflorescence 1-flowered

          • 8. Leaves elliptic; not articulated; peduncle geniculate ........................................ 18. Dichaea pendula

          • 8. Leaves linear-oblong, articulated; peduncle non- geniculate ........................ 17. Dichaea panamensis

      • 4. Pseudobulb present

        • 9. Pseudobulb homoblastic; leaves distributed along the stem .......................... 16. Cyrtopodium flavum

        • 9. Pseudobulb heteroblastic; leaves apical and/or basal

          • 10. Pseudobulb longitudinally multi-sulcate; leaves plicate ......................... 34. Gongora vitorinoana

          • 10. Pseudobulb not sulcate; leaves conduplicate

            • 11. Inflorescence 1-flowered

              • 12. Pseudobulbs apically 2-leaved ............................................ 67. Rhetinantha notylioglossa

              • 12. Pseudobulbs apically 1-leaved

                • 13. Sheaths that envelop the pseudobulbs without leaf blades

                  • 14. Inflorescence longer than 2 times the length of the pseudobulb ..................................................................................................................... 47. Maxillaria leucaimata

                  • 14. Inflorescence shorter than 2 times the length of the pseudobulb

                    • 15. Leaves sub-sessile; mid-lobe of the lip non- papillose .... 50. Mormolyca rufescens

                    • 15. Leaves long petiolate; mid-lobe of the lip papillose ..... 46. Mapinguari desvauxianus

                • 13. Sheaths that envelop the pseudobulbs with leaf blades

                  • 16. Lip pandurate

                    • 17. Leaves discolorous; sepals < 2.0 cm long, the apex acute ........... 39. Heterotaxis discolor

                    • 17. Leaves concolorous; sepals ≥ 2.5 cm long, the apex acuminate ............................ ...................................................................................... 52. Nitidobulbon nasutum

                  • 16. Lip 3-lobed

                    • 18. Apical leaf sessile; sepals < 1.8 cm long, elliptic ............. 8. Camaridium carinatum

                    • 18. Apical leaf pseudo-petiolate; sepals > 3.5 cm long, lanceolate ............................. ........................................................................................ 48. Maxillaria ochroleuca

            • 11. Inflorescence 2- to many-flowered

              • 19. Flowers with spur

                • 20. Terrestrial herbs; spur apically 2-lobed ............................... 55. Oeceoclades maculata

                • 20. Epiphyte herbs; spur apically acute or rounded

                • 21. Leaves green; inflorescence racemose ................................... 78. Trichocentrum fuscum

                • 21. Leaves dark purple; inflorescence paniculate ....................... 15. Comparettia barkeri

              • 19. Flowers without spur

                • 22. Lateral sepals completely free

                  • 23. Pseudobulbs > 1.5 cm long; inflorescence congest; apex of the sepals acute, margin entire ............................................................... 9. Camaridium micranthum

                  • 23. Pseudobulbs < 0.8 cm long; inflorescence lax. apex of the sepals rounded, margin serrate ........................................................... 81. Zygostates bradei

                • 22. Lateral sepals completely to partially connate

                  • 24. Lip clawed; callus or lamellaes absent ................................... 53. Notylia inversa

                  • 24. Lip without claw; callus or lamellaes present

                    • 25. Flowers whitish; lateral sepals completely connate ....... 68. Rodriguezia bahiensis

                    • 25. Flowers yellowish and brownish; lateral sepals connate only up to the middle

                      • 26. Mid-lobe of the lip < lateral lobes; lip margin ciliate .......... 32. Gomesa barbata

                      • 26. Mid-lobe of the lip > lateral lobes; lip margin entire ......... 33. Gomesa hookeri

    • 3. Inflorescence terminal

      • 27. Pseudobulb present

        • 28. Pseudobulb homoblastic

          • 29. Epiphytic or rupiculous herbs; leaves conduplicate ........................... 60. Polystachya estrellensis

          • 29. Terrestrial herbs; leaves plicate

            • 30. Inflorescence umbellate; apex of the lip acute ..................................... 45. Malaxis excavata

            • 30. Inflorescence racemose; apex of the lip 2-lobed ..................................... 44. Liparis nervosa

          • 28. Pseudobulb heteroblastic

            • 31. Pseudobulbs superposed; column with a foot

              • 32. Pseudobulb 1-leaved; inflorescence pedunculate ........................... 70. Scaphyglottis fusiformis

              • 32. Pseudobulb 2-leaved; inflorescence sessile

                • 33. Sepals elliptic; lip not clawed, slightly 3-lobed ...................... 71. Scaphyglottis modesta

                • 33. Sepals linear-oblanceolate; lip sub-clawed, entire ...................... 72. Scaphyglottis sickii

            • 31. Pseudobulbs not superposed; column without a foot

              • 34. Flowers ressupinate

                • 35. Pseudobulbs 1-leaved, fusiform; sepals pinkish ............................... 14. Cattleya labiata

                • 35. Pseudobulbs 2-leaved, cylindrical; sepals greenish to yellowish with brown spots ..................................................................................................... 13. Cattleya granulosa

              • 34. Flowers not ressupinate

                • 36. Plants creeping with a branched rhizome; lip 3-lobed ................. 64. Prosthechea pygmaea

                • 36. Plants cespitose or shortly creeping; lip entire

                  • 37. Lip convex, ≤ 0.7 cm long .............................................. 65. Prosthechea vespa

                  • 37. Lip concave, > 0.9 cm long .................................. 63. Prosthechea alagoensis

      • 27. Pseudobulb absent

        • 38. Leaves disposed in basal rosettes

          • 39. Epiphytic herbs; inflorescence pendulous ......................................... 31. Eurystyles cotyledon

          • 39. Terrestrial or rupiculous herbs; inflorescence erect

            • 40. Flowers ressupinate; sepals > 0.5 cm long

              • 41. Flowers without a spur or mentum; lip calceolate; column with a conspicuous shield-like staminode ...................................................... 57. Phragmipedium sargentianum

              • 41. Flowers with spur or mentum; lip not calceolate; column without staminode

                • 42. Leaves present at flowering; flowers yellowish-white ....... 49. Mesadenella cuspidata

                • 42. Leaves absent at flowering; flowers pinkish to magenta ............ 69. Sacoila lanceolata

            • 40. Flowers not ressupinate; sepals ≤ 0.3 cm long

              • 43. Small rosettes, leaves ovate to wide elliptic, ≤ 4.5 cm long; flowers whitish ................................................................................................. 61. Prescottia oligantha

              • 43. Large rosettes, leaves lanceolate to elliptic, > 5.0 cm long; flowers greenish ................................................................................................... 62. Prescottia plantaginifolia

        • 38. Leaves only apical or distributed along the stem

          • 44. Leaf 1, apical

            • 45. Stem enveloped by lepanthiform sheaths ............................. 43. Lepanthopsis floripectren

            • 45. Stem naked or enveloped by sheaths that are not lepanthiform

              • 46. Leaves cylindrical

                • 47. Inflorescence lax; sepals > 3.7 cm long ........................... 7. Brassavola tuberculata

                • 47. Inflorescence congested; sepals < 1.0 cm long ...................... 54. Octomeria alexandrii

              • 46. Leaves plane

                • 48. Dorsal sepal partially connate to the lateral sepals

                  • 49. Sepals connate at base forming a tube ................................ 76. Stelis deregularis

                  • 49. Sepals connate at base but not forming a tube

                    • 50. Leaves narrowly elliptic; lip with acuminate apex ............. 75. Stelis aprica

                    • 50. Leaves wide elliptical to oblanceolate; lip with rounded apex .................................................................................................................... 77. Stelis loefgrenii

                • 48. Dorsal sepal free

                  • 51. Inflorescence peduncle ≥ 1.0 cm long

                    • 52. Plants < 4.0 cm tall; inflorescence 1-flowered ............ 56. Pabstiella lingua

                    • 52. Plants > 10.0 cm tall; inflorescence multi-flowered

                      • 53. Lateral sepals completely connate ............... 59. Pleurothallis ruscifolia

                      • 53. Lateral sepals connate only at base .............. 51. Myoxanthus exasperatus

                  • 51. Inflorescence peduncle ≥ 1.0 cm long

                    • 54. Lateral sepals connate only at base to the middle

                      • 55. Plants > 8.0 cm tall; sepals > 1.0 cm long ......... 4. Anathallis sclerophyla

                      • 55. Plants < 5.0 cm tall; sepals < 0.4 cm long ........ 74. Specklinia integripetala

                    • 54. Lateral sepals completely connate

                      • 56. Flowers arising successively from the same point at the ape x of the inflorescence ......................................... 3. Anathallis barbulata

                      • 56. Flowers distributed along the inflorescence

                        • 57. Sepals ≤ 0.3 cm long; petals linear ......... 58. Pleurothallis pruinosa

                        • 57. Sepals > 0.3 cm long; petals obovate to elliptic

                          • 58. Peduncle of the inflorescence longer than the subtended leaf ............................................... 1. Acianthera glumacea

                          • 58. Peduncle of the inflorescence shorter than the subtended leaf ............................................ 2. Acianthera hygrophyla

          • 44. Leaves 2 or more, distributed along the stem

            • 59. Flowers with a developed spur

              • 60. Petals entire

                • 61. Apex of the petals truncate-sinuous; lip straight ................... 35. Habenaria petalodes

                • 61. Apex of the petals acute; lip with a lateral-constriction

                  • 62. Leaves ≤ 5.0 cm long; pedicellate ovary < 0.5 cm long .... 5. Aspidogyne argentea

                  • 62. Leaves > 6.0 cm long; pedicellate ovary >1.0 cm long ....... 6. Aspidogyne foliosa

              • 60. Petals 2-lobed

                • 63. Lateral sepals ovate; anterior lobe of the petals longer than the posterior lobe ....................................................................... 36. Habenaria cryptophila

                • 63. Lateral sepals lanceolate; anterior lobe of the petals as long as, or shorter than the posterior lobe

                  • 64. Posterior lobe of the petals elliptical; mid-lobe of the lip rhomboid; spur ≤ 3.0 cm long ............................................. 37. Habenaria pratensis

                  • 64. Posterior lobe of the petals oblong to linear; mid-lobe of the lip linearoblong; spur >3.0 cm long ....................................... 38. Habenaria trifida

            • 59. Flowers without a developed spur, sometimes with an inconspicuous mentum

              • 65. Leaves cylindrical

                • 66. Inflorescence sessile; flowers purple ........................ 41. Jacquiniella globosa

                • 66. Inflorescence long-pedunculate; flowers yellowish to orange .................................................................................................................................. 42. Jacquiniella teretifolia

              • 65. Leaves plane or plicate

                • 67. Leaves plicate; sepals > 6.0 cm long .................................. 73. Sobralia liliastrum

                • 67. Leaves conduplicate; sepals < 3.5 cm long

                  • 68. Column free or adnate only at base with the lip

                    • 69. Leaves ovate .................................................. 66. Psilochilus modestus

                    • 69. Leaves linear, linear-oblong to linear elliptic

                      • 70. Floral bracts almost entirely covering the flower; flowers whitish ........................................................................... 20. Elleanthus linifolius

                      • 70. Floral bracts covering only the base of the pedicellate ovary; flowers pinkish

                        • 71. Sepals free; base of the lip adnate to the column ................................................................................................... 19. Dimerandra emarginata

                        • 71. Sepals connate at base; lip free ...................... 40. Isochilus linearis

                  • 68. Column completely adnate to the lip

                    • 72. Peduncle two times longer than the rachis; flowers reddish

                      • 73. Terrestrial or rupiculous herbs; lateral lobes of the lip completely fringed .......................................... 24. Epidendrum cinnabarinum

                      • 73. Epiphytic herbs; lateral lobes of the lip apically serrate ....................................................... 25. Epidendrum macrocarpum

                    • 72. Peduncle as long as, or shorter than the rachis; flowers greenish, whitish or yellowish

                      • 74. Floral bract completely or partially covering the pedicellate ovary

                        • 75. Stem not branched; lip sub-orbicular ............ 28. Epidendrum rigidum

                        • 75. Stem branched; lip deltoid to ovate

                          • 76. Leaves linear-oblong; petals linear ...... 27. Epidendrum ramosum

                          • 76. Leaves lanceolate to elliptic; petals oblanceolate .................................................................................. 28. Epidendrum strobilliferum

                      • 74. Floral bract short and not covering the pedicellate ovary

                        • 77. Stem branched ................................... 26. Epidendrum proligerum

                        • 77. Stem not branched

                          • 78. Inflorescence curved, paniculate ...... 30. Epidendrum tridactylum

                          • 78. Inflorescence erect, simple (racemose or sub-corymbose)

                            • 79. Mid-lobe of the lip linear ........ 23. Epidendrum carpophorum

                            • 79. Mid-lobe of the lip 2-lobed or orbicular

                              • 80. Sepals > 3.0 cm long; mid-lobe of lip entire ..................................................................... 21. Epidendum anatipedium

                              • 80. Sepals < 1.5 cm long; mid-lobe of lip 2-lobed .................................................................... 22. Epidendrum campaccii

1. Acianthera glumacea (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, Lindleyana 16: 243. 2001 ≡ Pleurothallis glumacea Lindl., Bot. Mag. 2: 355. 1837.

Figure 1a

Figure 1
a. Acianthera glumacea. b. Acianthera hygrophyla. c. Anathallis sclerophylla. d. Aspidogyne argentea. e. Campylocentrum pernambucense. f. Cattleya granulosa. g. Dichaea pendula. h. Dimerandra emarginata. i. Elleanthus linifolius. j. Epidendrum anatipedium. k. Epidendrum carpophorum. l. Epidendrum macrocarpum. m. Epidendrum proligerum. n. Epidendrum strobiliferum. o. Epidendrum tridactylym. p. Gomesa barbata. q. Gomesa hookeri. r. Habenaria cryptophila. s. Habenaria petalodes. t. Habenaria pratensis.

This epiphyte differs from Acianthera hygrophyla by the peduncle of the inflorescence longer than the subtending leaf. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 520 (NY, RB, UFP).

2. Acianthera hygrophila (Barb. Rodr.) Pridgeon & M.W. Chase, Lindleyana 16: 244. 2001 ≡ Pleurothallis hygrophila Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 1: 7. 1877.

Figure 1b

This epiphyte differs from Acianthera glumacea by the peduncle of the inflorescence shorter than the subtending leaf. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Argentina and Brazil (States of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 954 (NY, RB, UFP).

3. Anathallis barbulata (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W.Chase, Lindleyana 16: 247. 2001 ≡ Pleurothallis barbulata Lindl. , Fol. Orchid. 9: 40. 1859.

Figure 2a

Figure 2
a. Anathallis barbulata. b. Aspidogyne foliosa. c. Brassavola tuberculata. d. Camaridium carinatum. e. Camaridium micranthum. f. Campylocentrum crassirhizum. g. Campylocentrum micranthum. h. Cattleya labiata. i. Comparettia barkeri. j. Cyrtopodium flavum. k. Dichaea panamensis. l. Epidendrum campaccii. m. Epidendrum cinnabarinum. n. Epidendrum ramosum. o. Epidendrum rigidum. p. Eurystyles cotyledon. q. Gongora vitorinoana. r. Heterotaxis discolor. s. Jacquiniella teretifolia. t. Lepanthopsis floripectren.

This epiphyte is easily recognized among the Pleurothallidinae in the area by the long peduncle (> 1.0 cm long), from where the purplish flowers arise successively from the same point. It occurs in forested areas, and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics, including Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa 942 (UFP, RB); 29-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1052 (UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 521(UFP).

4. Anathallis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Pridgeon & M.W.Chase,Lindleyana 16: 250. 2001Pleurothallis sclerophylla Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 21: t. 1797. 1835.

Figure 1c

This epiphyte differs from Specklinia integripetala by the size of the plant (> 8.0 cm tall) and the longer sepals (> 1.0 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it is found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Roraima, Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 959 (NY, RB, UFP).

5. Aspidogyne argentea (Vell.) Garay, Bradea 2: 203. 1977 ≡ Ophrys argentea Vell., Fl. Flumin. 9: t. 61. 1831.

Figure 1d

This terrestrial herb differs from Aspidogyne foliosa by its smaller leaves (≤ 5.0 cm long) and shorter-pedicellate ovary (≤ 0.5 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Paraguay and Brazil (States of Distrito Federal, Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 18-XII-2004, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1451 (UFP); 27-XI-2001, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1200 (UFP); 13-XI-2003, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 1419 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 427 (UFP).

6. Aspidogyne foliosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay, Bradea 2: 201. 1977Pelexia foliosa Poepp. & Endl., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 17. 1837.

Figure 2b

This terrestrial herb differs from Aspidogyne argentea by its longer leaves (> 6.0 cm long) and longer-pedicellate ovary (>1.0 cm long). It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from South America - French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil, where it is widely distributed (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-I-2013, fl., D. Araújo 2367 (RB, UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 514 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 416 (NY, RB, UFP).

7. Brassavola tuberculata Hook., Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2878. 1829.

Figure 2c

This epiphyte or rupiculous herb can be confused vegetatively in the area with Octomeria alexandrii, but it is easily distinguished by the lax inflorescence and longer sepals (> 3.7 cm long). It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 9-VII-1999, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 985 (UFP).

8. Camaridium carinatum (Barb. Rodr.) Hoehne, Arq. Bot. Estado São Paulo 2: 72. 1947 ≡ Maxillaria carinata Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 206. 1882.

Figure 2d

This epiphyte differs from Maxillaria ochroleuca by its sessile apical leaf, yellow flowers and shorter sepals (< 1.8 cm long). It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Brazil. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 931 (RB, UFP).

9. Camaridium micranthum M.A. Blanco, Lankesteriana 7: 520. 2007Scaphyglottis parviflora Poepp. & Endl., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 1: 58. 1836.

Figure 2e

This epiphyte is easily recognized among the Maxillariinae in the area by the shorter (< 2.0 cm long) and congested many-flowered inflorescences.

It occurs in forested areas, and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Mato Grosso, Distrito Federal, Ceará, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 928 (RB, UFP).

10. Campylocentrum crassirhizum Hoehne, Arq. Bot.

Estado São Paulo 1: 44. 1939.

Figure 2f

This epiphyte differs from Campylocentrum micranthum by its coriaceous, oblong leaves, flowers with a slightly curved spur and unribbed fruit. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 519 (RB, UFP); 28-I-2013, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1044 (RB, UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 18-XII-2010, fr., E.Pessoa et al. 470 (RB, UFP).

11. Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 9: 136. 1903Angraecum micranthum Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 21: t. 1772. 1835.

Figure 2g

This epiphyte differs from Campylocentrum crassirhizum by its sub-coriaceous, oblong-elliptical leaves, flowers with a strongly curved spur and 6-ribbed fruit. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it occurs in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Pará, Amapá, Rondônia, Tocantins, Maranhão, Ceará, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Mato Grosso and Goiás) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 952 (RB, UFP); 31-I-2013, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1062 (RB, UFP).

12. Campylocentrum pernambucense Hoehne, Arq.

Bot. Estado São Paulo 1: 22. 1938.

Figure 1e

This epiphyte is easily recognized among the species of the genus in the area by its cylindrical leaves and shorter inflorescence (< 0.8 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil (States of Paraiba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is cited as endangered by the Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2008)Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2008. Lista Oficial das Espécies da Flora Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. Instrução Normativa MMA nº 06/2008. Available at <www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio> (access in 3-IX-2009).
www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio...
and Martinelli & Moraes (2013).Martinelli, G. & Moraes, M.A. 2013. Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. There are large populations of this species in the Serra do Urubu.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 960 (RB, UFP); 29-I-2013, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1050 (RB, UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl. e fr., E.Pessoa et al. 429 (RB, UFP).

13. Cattleya granulosa Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 28: t. 1. 1842.

Figure 1f

This epiphyte differs from Cattleya labiata by the 2-leaved, cylindrical pseudobulbs and sepals greenish to yellowish with brown spots. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (States of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia and Espírito Santo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is cited as endangered by the Ministério do Biodiversitas (2008)Biodiversitas. 2008. Lista da Flora Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Orchidaceae. Available at <http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/grupo3fim.asp> (access in 23-IV-2010).
http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/...
, Meio Ambiente (2008)Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2008. Lista Oficial das Espécies da Flora Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. Instrução Normativa MMA nº 06/2008. Available at <www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio> (access in 3-IX-2009).
www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio...
and Martinelli & Moraes (2013)Martinelli, G. & Moraes, M.A. 2013. Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.. It is rarely found in the Serra do Urubu.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 941 (UFP).

14. Cattleya labiata Lindl., Coll. Bot. t. 33. 1824.

Figure 2h

This epiphyte differs from Cattleya granulosa by its 1-leaf, fusiform pseudobulbs and flowers with pinkish sepals. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (States of Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is cited as endangered by the Ministério do Biodiversitas (2008)Biodiversitas. 2008. Lista da Flora Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Orchidaceae. Available at <http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/grupo3fim.asp> (access in 23-IV-2010).
http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/...
, Meio Ambiente (2008)Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2008. Lista Oficial das Espécies da Flora Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. Instrução Normativa MMA nº 06/2008. Available at <www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio> (access in 3-IX-2009).
www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio...
and Martinelli & Moraes (2013)Martinelli, G. & Moraes, M.A. 2013. Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro.. There are small populations of this species in the Serra do Urubu.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 10-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 500 (UFP).

15. Comparettia barkeri (Lindl.) M.W.Chase & N.H. Williams, Lindleyana 21(3): 27. 2008 ≡ Chaenanthe barkeriLindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24: 38. 1838.

Figure 2i

This epiphyte is easily recognized in the area by its dark purple leaves, panicullate inflorescence and flowers with spur. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Venezuela to Peru and Brazil, where it has an Atlantic-Amazon disjunction, and it is cited to the States of Pará and Pernambuco (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1066 (UFP); 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 450 (UFP).

16. Cyrtopodium flavum (Nees) Link & Otto ex Rchb., Iconogr. Bot. Exot. 3: 7. 1830 ≡ Tylochilus flavus Nees, Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 8: 195. 1832.

Figure 2j

This terrestrial or rupiculous herb is easily recognized by the leaves distributed in homoblastic pseudobulbs, and panicullate inflorescence with yellow flowers. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 10-III-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 458 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 434 (UFP).

17. Dichaea panamensis Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 209. 1833.

Figure 2k

This epiphyte differs from Dichaea pendula by its articulated linear-oblong leaves, and non-geniculated peduncle of the inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Pará, Amapá, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 516 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 419 (NY, RB, UFP).

18. Dichaea pendula (Aubl.) Cogn., Symb. Antill. 4: 182. 1903 ≡ Limodorum pendulum Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 819 1775.

Figure 1g

This epiphyte differs from Dichaea panamensis by its lack of articulated, elliptical leaves, and genicuted peduncle of the inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Ceará, Paraíba, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al.2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-V-2012, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 958 (UFP); 30-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1055 (NY, RB, UFP); 2-XI-2001, fr. e fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1178 (UFP).

19. Dimerandra emarginata (G.Mey.) Hoehne, Bol. Agric. (São Paulo) 34: 618. 1933 ≡ Oncidium emarginatum G.Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq.: 259. 1818.

Figure 1h

This epiphyte resembles an Epidendrum, but differs from the species of that genus in the area by its pinkish flowers with the column basally adnate with the lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia and Espírito Santo) (Barros et al.2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 18-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 460 (RB, UFP).

20. Elleanthus linifolius C.Presl., Reliq. Haenk. 1: 97. 1827.

Figure 1i

This epiphyte can be confused vegetatively in the area with Isochilis linearis but it differs by its floral bracts covering almost entirely the white flowers. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Roraima, Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Paraná) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: Brazil. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-I-2000, fl. e fr., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1015 (UFP).

21. Epidendrum anatipedium L.M.Sánchez &

Hágsater, Orquídea (Mexico City) 13: 291. 1993.

Figure 1j

This epiphyte differs from Epidendrum campaccii by its longer sepals (> 3.0 cm long) and entire mid-lobe of the lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil (Ceará State) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 935 (UFP).

22. Epidendrum campaccii Hágsater & L.Sánchez,

Icon. Orchid. 2: t. 117. 1993.

Figure 2l

This epiphyte differs from E. anatipedium by its shorter sepals (< 1.5 cm long) and 2-lobed mid-lobe of the lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 937 (RB, UFP); 10-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 503 (UFP).

23. Epidendrum carpophorum Barb.Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 148. 1882.

Figure 1k

This epiphyte differs from the other Epidendrum species in the area by its linear mid-lobe of the lip. It occurs in forested areas and rock outcrops, and it is known from Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela and Brazil where it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Roraima, Ceará, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-I-2013, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1048 (RB, UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, 17-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 424 (UFP).

24. Epidendrum cinnabarinum Salzm. exLindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 106. 1831.

Figure 2m

It differs from E. macrocarpum by its rupiculous or terrestrial habit and completely fringed lateral lobes of the lip. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to northeastern Brazil (States of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 28-I-2013, fl., D. Araújo 2444 (UFP); 10-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 505 (NY, RB, UFP); 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 436(RB, UFP).

25. Epidendrum macrocarpum Rich., Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 112. 1792.

Figure 1l

This species differs from E. cinnabarinum by its epiphytic habit and apically serrate lateral lobes of the lip. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Roraima, Maranhão, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 13-X-2010, fl., A. Melo 588 (UFP).

26. Epidendrum proligerum Barb.Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 1: 61. 1877.

Figure 1m

The flowers of this epiphyte can be confused in the area with E. campaccii, but it differs vegetatively by its branched stem. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 1-VII-1986, fl., J.G. Gomes s.n. (UFP).

27. Epidendrum ramosum Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl. 29. 1760.

Figure 2n

This epiphyte differs from E. strobiliferum by its linear-oblong leaves and linear petals. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Roraima, Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 21-IX-2011, fr., B.S. Amorim 1128 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 16-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 414 (RB, UFP).

28. Epidendrum rigidum Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 29. 1760.

Figure 2O

This epiphyte or rupicolous herb differs from such species as E. ramosum, E. strobiliferum which also have floral bracts completely or partially covering the pedicellate ovary, by its non-branched stems and greenish flowers. It occurs in forested areas and on rock outcrops and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics, including Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 21-IX-2011, fl., B.S. Amorim 1127 (UFP); 19-IX-2011, fl., B.S. Amorim 1063 (UFP); 10-III-2011, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 506(UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 417 (RB, UFP).

29. Epidendrum strobiliferum Rchb.f., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 333. 1859.

Figure 1n

This epiphyte differs from E. ramosum by its lanceolate to elliptical leaves and oblanceolate petals. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). In Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Acre, Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Roraima, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 420 (NY, RB, UFP).

30. Epidendrum tridactylum Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24: 46. 1838.

Figure 1o

This epiphyte differs from the other Epidendrum species in the area by its paniculate inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 951 (UFP); 17-VII-2002, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 1246 (UFP).

31. Eurystyles cotyledon Wawra, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 223. 1863.

Figure 2p

It is easily recognized among the species with leaves disposed in basal rosettes by its epiphytic habit and pendulous inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl. E. Pessoa et al. 955 (NY, RB, UFP); 8-X-2000, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 1094 (UFP).

32. Gomesa barbata (Lindl.) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 104: 395. 2009 ≡ Oncidium barbatum Lindl. Coll. Bot. t. 27. 1821

Figure 1p

This epiphyte differs from G. hookeri by its midlobe of the lip shorter than the lateral lobes, and ciliate lip margin. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Bolivia and the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (States of Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia and Minas Gerais) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 415 (UFP).

33. Gomesa hookeri (Rolfe) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams, Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 104: 397. 2009 ≡ Oncidium hookeri Rolfe, Gard. Chron. Ser. 3: 520. 1887.

Figure 1q

This epiphyte differs from G. barbata by its mid-lobe of the lip longer than the lateral lobes, and entire lip margin. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (States of Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 2-XI-2001, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1180 (UFP).

34. Gongora vitorinoana Chiron & L.C.Menezes, Richardiana 8: 38. 2008.

Figure 2q

This epiphyte is easily recognized from other species by its longitudinally multi-sulcate pseudobulbs, and plicate leaves. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of the State of Pernambuco (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 28-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1040 (UFP); 22-V-2000, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 1086 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 16-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 413 (UFP).

35. Habenaria cryptophila Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 1: 154. 1877.

Figure 1r

This terrestrial herb differs from species such as H. pratensis and H. trifida, which also have 2-lobed petals and a 3-lobed lip, by its ovate sepals and anterior lobe of the lip longer than the posterior one. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Paraíba, Pernambuco Bahia, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 3-IX-2013, fl., A. Melo 1197 (UFP).

36. Habenaria petalodes Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid Pl. 316. 1835.

Figure 1s

This terrestrial herb differs from the other Habenaria species found in the area by its entire petals and lip. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is known from Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil, where it is widely distributed (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 17-VIII-2010, fl., M.A. Chagas 19 (UFP).

37. Habenaria pratensis (Lindl.) Rchb.f., Linnaea 22: 813. 1850 ≡ Bonatea pratensis Lindl ., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 328. 1835.

Figure 1t

This terrestrial herb differs from H. trifida by its posterior lobe of the petals elliptical, mid-lobe of the lip rhomboid, and shorter spur (≤ 3.0 cm long). It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Alagoas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Goiás and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 17-VIII-2010, fl., M.A. Chagas 20 (UFP).

38. Habenaria trifida Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 330. 1816.

Figure 3a

Figure 3
a. Habenaria trifida. b. Isochillus linearis. c. Jacquiniella globosa. d. Malaxis excavata. e. Mapinguari desvauxianus. f. Maxillaria leucaimata. g. Myoxanthus exasperatus. h. Nitidobulbon nasutum. i. Octomeria alexandrii. j. Pleurothallis pruinosa. k. Prescottia oligantha. l. Prescottia plantaginifolia. m. Prosthechea pygmaea. n. Prosthechea vespa. o. Psilochilus modestus. p. Rhetinantha notylioglossa. q. Scaphyglottis sickii. r. Stelis aprica. s. Stelis deregularis. t. Vanilla cf. pompona.

This terrestrial herb differs from H. pratensis by its posterior lobe of the petals oblong to linear, mid-lobe of the lip linear-oblong, and longer spur (> 3.0 cm long). It occurs on rock outcrops and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics and also in Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 7-VI-2011, fl., J.L. Viana 295 (JPB).

39. Heterotaxis discolor (Lodd. exLindl.) Ojeda & Carnevali, Novon 15: 580. 2005 ≡ Dicrypta discolor Lodd. ex Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 91. 1839

Figure 2r

This epiphyte differs from Nitidobulbon nasutum by its discolorous leaves and shorter acute sepals (< 2.0 cm long). It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Belize, Nicaragua, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Roraima and Bahia) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco and another case of disjunction between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 926 (NY, RB, UFP); 27-VI-1999, J.A.Siqueira-Filho & J.A.Vicente 955 (UFP).

40. Isochilus linearis (Jacq.) R.Br., Hortus Kew. 5: 209. 1813 ≡ Epidendrum lineare Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 29. 1760.

Figure 3b

This epiphyte can be confused vegetatively in the area with E. linifolius, but it differs by its floral bracts covering only the base of the pedicellate ovary, and pinkish flowers. It occurs in forested areas, and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
), including Brazil (States of Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul ) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30 -V- 2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 949 (NY, RB, UFP); 9-VII-1999, fr., J.A. Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 981 (UFP); 11-III-2011, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 538 (NY, RB, UFP).

41. Jacquiniella globosa (Jacq.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 124. 1920 ≡ Epidendrum globosum Jacq. , Enum. Syst. Pl.: 29. 1760.

Figure 3c

This epiphyte differs from J. teretifolia by its sessile inflorescence and purple flowers. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it is found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Pará, Roraima, Ceará, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-I-2013, fl., D. Araújo 2385 (UFP); 10-III-2011, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 507 (RB, UFP); 17-VIII-2010, fl., A. Melo 447 (UFP); 21-IX-2011, fl., B.S. Amorim 1129 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 423 (NY, RB, UFP).

42. Jacquiniella teretifolia (Sw.) Britton & P.Wilson, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands 6: 340. 1926 ≡ Epidendrum teretifolium Sw., Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 122. 1788.

Figure 2s

This epiphyte differs from J. globosa by its longpedunculate inflorescence and yellowish to orangish flowers. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it is found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fr., E. Pessoa 950 (RB, UFP); 29-I-2013, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1053 (UFP).

43. Lepanthopsis floripecten (Rchb.f.) Ames, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 1: 11. 1933 ≡ Pleurothallis floripecten Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 25. 1854.

Figure 2t

This epiphyte is easily distinguished from the other Pleurothallidinae in the area by its lepanthiform sheaths. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it grows in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Pernambuco, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 940 (UFP); 29-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1049 (UFP).

44. Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid Pl.: 26. 1830 ≡ Ophrys nervosa Thunb., Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 814. 1784.

Figure 4a

Figure 4
a. Liparis nervosa. b. Maxillaria ochroleuca. c. Mesadenella cuspidata. d. Mormolyca rufescens. e. Notylia inversa. f. Oeceoclades maculata. g. Pabstiella lingua. h. Phragmipedium sargentianum. i. Pleurothallis ruscifolia. j. Polystachya estrellensis. k. Prosthechea alagoensis. l. Rodriguezia bahiensis. m. Sacoila lanceolata. n. Scaphyglottis fusiformis. o. Scaphyglottis modesta. p. Sobralia liliastrum. q. Specklinia integripetala. r. Stelis loefgrenii. s. Trichocentrum fuscum. t. Zygostates bradei.

This terrestrial herb can be confused vegetatively in the area with Malaxis excavata, but can be easily recognized by its racemose inflorescence and 2-lobed lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is pantropical and widely distributed in Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 21-V-2000, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho 1085 (UFP).

45. Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891 ≡ Microstylis excavata Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 24: 51. 1838.

Figure 3d

This terrestrial herb can be confused vegetatively in the area with Liparis nervosa, but it can be easily recognized by its umbellate inflorescence and acute lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
), including Brazil (States of Bahia, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 7-VI-2011, fl., J.L. Viana 307 (JPB); 22-XI-2011, fl., J.L. Viana 365 (JPB).

46. Mapinguari desvauxianus (Rchb.f.) Carnevali & R.B.Singer, Lankesteriana 7: 525. 2007 ≡ Maxillaria desvauxianaRchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 67. 1854.

Figure 3e

This epiphyte differs from Mormolyca rufescens by its pseudo-petiolate leaves and papillose mid-lobe of the lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 930 (UFP); 9-VII-1999, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 979 (UFP).

47. Maxillaria leucaimata Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 198. 1882.

Figure 3f

This epiphyte can be confused in the area with Mormolyca rufescens and Mapinguari desvauxianus, but it differs by its inflorescences twice as long as the length of the pseudobulb. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from French Guyana and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Pará, Ceará, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-I-2013, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1054 (RB, UFP); 21-IX-2011, fl., B.S. Amorim 1125 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 19-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 479 (UFP).

48. Maxillaria ochroleuca Lodd. exLindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 143. 1832.

Figure 4b

This epiphyte differs from Camaridium carinatum by its pseudo-petiolate apical leaf, withish flowers and longer sepals (> 3.5 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Roraima, Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 927 (UFP); 27-VI-1999, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 957 (UFP); 19-VII-2012, fl., J.L. Costa-Lima 754 (UFP).

49. Mesadenella cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay, Fl. Ecuador 9: 238. 1978 ≡ Spiranthes cuspidata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 471. 1840.

Figure 4c

This terrestrial herb differs from Sacoila lanceolata by having leaves when in bloom and by the yellowish-white flowers. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Brazil (States of Mato Grosso, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 957 (RB, UFP); 30-VI-2011, fl., D.S. Corrêa 105 (UFP).

50. Mormolyca rufescens (Lindl.) M.A.Blanco, Lankesteriana 7: 531. 2007 ≡ Maxillaria rufescens Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 22: t. 1848. 1836.

Figure 4d

This epiphyte differs from Mapinguari desvauxianus by its sub-sessile leaves and smooth, not papillose mid-lobe of the lip. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil, where it is widely distributed (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 929 (NY, RB, UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 547 (UFP).

51. Myoxanthus exasperatus (Lindl.) Luer, Selbyana 7: 36. 1982Pleurothallis exasperata Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 9: 15. 1859.

Figure 3g

This epiphyte differs from Pleurothallis ruscifolia by its lateral sepals connate only at base. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 28-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1042 (UFP); 9-VII-1999, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 983 (UFP).

52. Nitidobulbon nasutum (Rchb.f.) I.Ojeda & Carnevali, Novon 19: 99. 2009Maxillaria nasuta Rchb.f., Beitr. Orchid.-K. C. Amer.: 104. 1866.

Figure 3h

This epiphyte differs from Heterotaxis discolor by its concolorous leaves and longer acuminate sepals (≥ 2.5 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it is found in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Mato Grosso, Bahia and Espírito Santo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco. However it was not recollected during this survey.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 9-VII-1999, fl., J.A. Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 984 (UFP).

53. Notylia inversa Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 223. 1882.

Figure 4e

This epiphyte is easily distinguished from the orchids in the area by its pendulous inflorescence and flowers with a clawed lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Ceará and Minas Gerais) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 28-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1042 (UFP); 31-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1067 (UFP); 10-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 501 (RB, UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 19-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 480 (UFP).

54. Octomeria alexandri Schltr., Anexos Mem. Inst. Butantan, Secc. Bot. 1: 53. 1922.

Figure 3i

This rupiculous herb can be confused vegetatively in the area with Brassavola tuberculata, but it is easily distinguished by its congested fascicle and shorter sepals (< 1.0 cm long). It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic of Brazil (States of Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco. It is cited as endangered by Martinelli & Moraes (2013)Martinelli, G. & Moraes, M.A. 2013. Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro..

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1065 (UFP); 10-III-2011, st., E. Pessoa et al. 502 (UFP).

55. Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 237. 1833 ≡ Angraecum maculatum Lindl. Coll. Bot.: t. 15. 1821.

Figure 4f

This terrestrial herb is easily distinguished from other species in the area by its variegated leaves and the apically 2-lobed spur. It occurs in forested areas and it is pantropical and widely distributed in Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 12-X-2010, fl. e fr., G.A. Gomes-Costa 1094 (UFP).

56. Pabstiella lingua (Lindl.) Luer, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 112: 120. 2007 ≡Pleurothallis lingua Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 28: 80. 1842.

Figure 4g

This epiphyte differs from the other Pleurothallidinae in the area by its 1-flowered inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (States of Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 943 (NY, RB, UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 522 (RB, UFP).

57. Phragmipedium sargentianum (Rolfe) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 4: 332. 1896 ≡ Selenipedium sargentianum Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 1: 239. 1893.

Figure 4h

This terrestrial herb is easily recognized among the species in the area by its undulated petals, calceolate lip, and a conspicuous shield-like staminode. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Alagoas and Bahia) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is cited as endangered by the Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2008)Ministério do Meio Ambiente. 2008. Lista Oficial das Espécies da Flora Brasileira Ameaçadas de Extinção. Instrução Normativa MMA nº 06/2008. Available at <www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio> (access in 3-IX-2009).
www.ibama.gov.br/sisbio...
and Biodiversitas (2008)Biodiversitas. 2008. Lista da Flora Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Orchidaceae. Available at <http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/grupo3fim.asp> (access in 23-IV-2010).
http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/...
. It is rarely found in the Serra do Urubu.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-X-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 435 (UFP).

58. Pleurothallis pruinosa Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 28(Misc.): 75. 1842.

Figure 3j

This epiphyte differs from Acianthera hygrophyla by its shorter sepals (≤ 0.3 cm long) and linear petals. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Maranhão and Pernambuco) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 932 (NY, RB, UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 546 (UFP).

59. Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R.Br., Hortus Kew. 5: 211. 1813 ≡ Epidendrum ruscifolium Jacq., Enum. Syst. Pl.: 29. 1760.

Figure 4i

This epiphyte differs from Myoxanthus exasperatus by its lateral sepals by being completely connate. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it has a disjunct distribution between the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Pará, Roraima and Ceará) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1057 (UFP).

60. Polystachya estrellensis Rchb.f., Linnaea 25: 231. 1852.

Figure 4j

This epiphyte or rupiculous herb is easily recognized among the species in the area by its homoblastic pseudobulbs with conduplicate leaves, and terminal inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and on rock outcrops and it is endemic and widely distributed in Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 939 (UFP, RB); 11-III-2011, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 515 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 418 (RB, UFP).

61. Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 454. 1840 ≡ Cranichis oligantha Sw., Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ.: 120. 1788.

Figure 3k

This terrestrial herb differs from P. plantaginifolia by its shorter (≤ 4.5 cm long), ovate to widely elliptical leaves, and whitish flowers. It occurs in forested areas and on rock outcrops and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al.2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
), including Brazil (States of Roraima, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 433 (UFP).

62. Prescottia plantaginifolia Lindl. ex Hook., Exot. Fl.: t. 115. 1824.

Figure 3l

This terrestrial herb differs from P. oligantha by its longer (> 5.0 cm long), lanceolate to elliptical leaves, and greenish flowers. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 17-X-2001, fl., J.A.Siqueira-Filho 1176 (UFP).

63. Prosthechea alagoensis (Pabst) W.E.Higgins, Phytologia 82: 376. 1997 ≡ Epidendrum alagoense Pabst, Anais Congr. Soc. Bot. Brasil 14: 18. 1964.

Figure 4k

This epiphyte or rupiculous herb differs from P. vespa by its longer (> 0.9 cm long) and concave lip. It occurs in forested areas and on rock outcrops and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil (States of Pernambuco and Alagoas) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1061 (RB, UFP); 10-III-2011, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 504 (RB, UFP); 17-XII-2010, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 426 (UFP).

64. Prosthechea pygmaea (Hook.) W.E.Higgins, Phytologia 82: 380. 1997 ≡ Epidendrum pygmaeum Hook., Bot. Mag. 60: t. 3233. 1833 .

Figure 3m

This epiphyte differs from other Prosthechea species in the area by its long, branched rhizome and 3-lobed lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
), including Brazil (States of Amazonas, Pernambuco, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al.2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 953 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 425 (NY, RB, UFP).

65. Prosthechea vespa (Vell.) W.E.Higgins, Phytologia 82: 381. 1997 ≡ Epidendrum vespa Vell., Fl. Flumin. 9: t. 27. 1831.

Figure 3n

This epiphyte differs from P. alagoensis by its shorter (≤ 0.7 cm long) and convex lip. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Costa Rica, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Acre, Rondônia, Amazonas, Roraima, Pará, Ceará, Pernambuco, Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Carnevali et al. 2003Carnevali, G., Ramírez-morillo, I.M., Romero-González, G.A., Vargas, C.A. & Foldats, E. 2003. Orchidaceae. In: P.E. Berry, K. Yatskievych. & B.K. Holts (eds.). Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, v. 7. Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis. pp. 200-618., Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 20-IX-2011, fl., B.S. Amorim 1087 (UFP).

66. Psilochilus modestus Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 273. 1882.

Figure 3o

This terrestrial herb is easily recognized among the species in the area by its ovate, conduplicate leaves distributed along the stem, flowers without a spur, and column free. It occurs in forested areas, and it is known from Venezuela and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: Brazil. Pernambuco: Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 9-IX-2010, fl., J.L. Viana 121 (UFP).

67. Rhetinantha notylioglossa (Rchb.f.) M.A.Blanco, Lankesteriana 7: 535. 2007 ≡ Maxillaria notylioglossa Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 16. 1854.

Figure 3p

This epiphyte is easily recognized among the species in the area by its 2-leaf pseudobulbs and 1-flowered inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Roraima, Maranhão, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is a new record for the State of Pernambuco.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 525 (RB, UFP).

68. Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb.f., Bonplandia

(Hannover) 2: 90. 1854.

Figure 4l

This epiphyte is easily distinguished from other species in the area by its lateral inflorescence and white flowers with completely connate lateral sepals. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia and Minas Gerais) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 10-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 508 (RB, UFP).

69. Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 28: 352. 1980 ≡ Limodorum lanceolatum Aubl., Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 821. 1775.

Figure 4m

This terrestrial herb differs from Mesadenella cuspidata by its leafless condition when blooming and the pinkish to magenta flowers. It occurs on rock outcrops and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics, including Brazil (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 28-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1041 (UFP).

70. Scaphyglottis fusiformis (Griseb.) R.E.Schult., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 17: 205. 1957 ≡ Hexadesmia fusiformis Griseb., Fl. Brit. W. I.: 623. 1864.

Figure 4n

This epiphyte or rupiculous herb differs from the other Scaphyglottisspecies in the area by its 1-leaf pseudobulb and pedunculate inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru and Brazil (States of Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Ceará, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-I-2013, fl., D. Araújo 2409 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 422 (RB, UFP); 16-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 412 (UFP).

71. Scaphyglottis modesta (Rchb.f.) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 46. 1926 ≡ Tetragamestus modestus Rchb.f., Bonplandia (Hannover) 2: 21. 1854.

Figure 4o

This epiphyte differs from Scaphyglottis sickii by its elliptical sepals, and not-clawed, slightly 3-lobed lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Costa Rica, Panama, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Brazil, where it is widely distributed (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30 -V- 2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 963 (UFP); 29-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1045 (UFP); 9-VII-1999, fl. e fr., J.A.Siqueira-Filho & J.A. Vicente 982 (UFP); 17-VIII-2010, fr., A. Melo 446 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 19-XII-2010, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 481 (RB, UFP).

72. Scaphyglottis sickii Pabst, Orquídea (Rio de

Janeiro) 18: 7. 1956.

Figure 3q

This epiphyte differs from Scaphyglottis modesta by its linear-oblanceolate sepals, and sub-clawed, entire lip. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Trinidad and Tobago, French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Mato Grosso) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 517 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 22-XI-2011, fr., D. Araújo 1893 (UFP); 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa 421 (RB, UFP).

73. Sobralia liliastrum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 177. 1833.

Figure 4p

This terrestrial or rupiculous herb is easily recognized among the species in the area by its plicate leaves and big white flowers (sepals > 6.0 cm long). It occurs on rock outcrops and it is known from French Guyana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Mato Grosso, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Espírito Santo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 17-VIII-2010, fl., A. Melo 459 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 432 (RB, UFP).

74. Specklinia integripetala E.Pessoa & F.Barros, Nordic J. Bot. 32(2): 129. 2014.

Figure 4q

This epiphyte differs from Anathallis sclerophyla by being smaller plants (< 5.0 cm tall) with shorter sepals (< 0.4 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Pernambuco (Pessoa et al. 2014aPessoa, E., Barros, F., Alves, M. 2014a. Specklinia integripetala and S. ianthina spp. nov. (Orchidaceae) from northeastern Brazil. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 129-132.).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 17-XII-2010, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. & A. Melo 428 (NY, RB, SP, UFP); 30-V-2012, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 944 (UFP).

75. Stelis aprica Lindl., Bot. Mag. 2: 353. 1837.

Figure 3r

This epiphyte differs from Stelis loefgrenii by its narrow, elliptical leaves and lip with acuminate apex. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 545 (UFP).

76. Stelis deregularis Barb. Rodr., Gen. Sp. Orchid. 2: 94. 1881.

Figure 3s

This epiphyte differs from the other Stelis species in the area by its sepals connate at base forming a tube. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (States of Pernambuco, Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 21-IX-2011, fl. e fr., B.S. Amorim 1126 (UFP); 4-IX-2013, fl., A. Melo 1211 (UFP).

77. Stelis loefgrenii Cogn. in Mart, Fl. Bras. 3: 558. 1906.

Figure 4r

This epiphyte differs from Stelis aprica by its widely elliptical to oblanceolate leaves and lip with rounded apex. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to Brazil (States of Pernambuco and São Paulo) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa 933 (NY, RB, UFP); 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 938 (NY, RB, UFP); 11-III-2011, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 548 (UFP).

78. Trichocentrum fuscum Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 23: t. 1951. 1837.

Figure 4s

This epiphyte differs from Comparettia barkeri by its green leaves and racemose inflorescence. It occurs in forested areas and it is known from French Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Ecuador and Brazil, where it is widely distributed (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 30-V-2012, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 956 (UFP).

79. Vanilla aff. mexicanaMill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: 1. 1768.

This hemi-epiphyte differs from V. aff. pompona by the texture (membranaceous) and shape (elliptic) of the leaf blades and the length of the internodes (< 7.0 cm long). The identity of the collected specimen is still obscure due to the lack of flowers, but based on vegetative and fruit characters, it appears to belong to the V. mexicana group. It is found in forested areas.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 31-I-2013, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 1060 (UFP).

80. Vanilla cf. pomponaSchiede, Linnaea 4: 573. 1829.

Figure 3t

This hemi-epiphyte differs from V. aff. mexicana by its coriaceous, oblong leaves, and longer internodes (> 9.0 cm long). It occurs in forested areas and it is widely distributed in the Neotropics (Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
); in Brazil, it is cited to the Amazon and Atlantic Forests (States of Amazonas, Amapá, Tocantins, Rondônia, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
).

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 10-III-2011, fr., E. Pessoa et al. 499 (UFP).

Additional material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: São Lourenço da Mata, Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá, 17-XI-2010, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 403 (UFP, RB)

81. Zygostates bradei (Schltr.) Garay, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 21: 263. 1967 ≡ Dipteranthus bradei Schltr.,Anexos Mem. Inst. Butantan, Secç. Bot. 1(4): 65 1922.

Figure 4t

This epiphyte is easily recognized among the species in the area by its flowers with serrate sepals. It occurs in forested areas and it is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (States of Pernambuco, Alagoas, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina) (Barros et al. 2014Barros, F., Vinhos, F., Rodrigues, V.T., Barberena, F.F.V.A., Fraga, C.N., Pessoa, E.M., Forster, W. & Menini Neto, L. 2014. Orchidaceae In: Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov. br/jabot/floradobrasil/FB179> (access in 11-III-2014).
http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/f...
, Govaerts et al. 2014Govaerts, R., Pfahl, J., Campacci, M.A., Holland Baptista, D., Tigges, H., Shaw, J., Cribb, P., George, A., Kreuz, K. & Wood, J. 2014. World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Available at <http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/> (access in 9-III-2014).
http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/...
). It is cited as endangered by Biodiversitas (2008)Biodiversitas. 2008. Lista da Flora Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. Orchidaceae. Available at <http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/grupo3fim.asp> (access in 23-IV-2010).
http://www.biodiversitas.org.br/floraBr/...
. There are large populations of this species in the Serra do Urubu.

Examined material: BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Jaqueira, RPPN Frei Caneca, 29-I-2013, fl., E. Pessoa et al. 1047 (UFP); Lagoa dos Gatos, RPPN Pedra D'Anta, 17-XII-2010, fl. e fr., E. Pessoa et al. 431 (NY, RB, UFP).

Acknowledgments

We are indebted to the organizations, which funded our field research, including CNPq, the US National Science Foundation (DEB-0946618), Velux Stiftung as well as the Beneficia Foundation.

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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    Jan-Mar 2015

History

  • Received
    22 July 2014
  • Accepted
    22 Sept 2014
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