Comparative morphology of the type-species of Isotes and Synbrotica(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae), with a new synonymy of species

In order to solve the affinities of the species of Isotes Weise, 1922, a detailed morphological comparative study was carried out based on type-species of Isotes and its junior synonym,Synbrotica Bechyné, 1956. Isotes tetraspilota (Baly, 1865) and Isotes borrei (Baly, 1889) had their morphology of mouthparts, endosternites, wings and both male and female genitalia compared by the first time. A new synonymy is established between Isotes borrei (Baly, 1889) and Isotes crucigera (Weise, 1916) syn. nov. based on external and genitalia morphology. New structures for Section Diabroticites Chapuis, 1875 are presented and discussed.

KEYWORDS
Taxonomy; Neotropical; Luperini; Diabroticites

Authorship

Juliana M. S. Rodrigues

Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (jrmermudes@gmail.com)Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilLaboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68044, 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (jrmermudes@gmail.com)

Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (julianamourao@yahoo.com.br)Instituto Oswaldo CruzBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilLaboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (julianamourao@yahoo.com.br)

José Ricardo M. Mermudes

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (8)

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Figs 1-5
Habitus: 1, 2, I. borrei (Baly); 3,I. crucigera (Weise) syn. nov.; 4, 5, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Scale bars = 1,0 mm.

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Figs 6-19
Head: Isotes tetraspilota (Baly): 6, frontal; 7, dorsal; 8, lateral; I. borrei (Baly): 9, frontal; 10, dorsal; 11, lateral. Labrum: 12, I. tetraspilota; 13,I. borrei. Mandible: 14, I. tetraspilota; 15, I. borrei. Maxillae: 16,I. tetraspilota; 17, I. borrei. Labium: 18, I. tetraspilota; 19, I. borrei (bs, basistipes; cd, cardo; ds, dististipes; ga, galea; ge, gena; lc, lacinia; lg, ligula; lp, labial palp; m, mentum; mo, mola; mp, maxilar palp; prm, prementum; pros, prostheca; I-V, position of the mandible teeth). Scale bars = 0,5 mm.

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Figs 20-26
Pronotum, dorsal: 20, I. tetraspilota (Baly); 21,I. borrei (Baly). 22, Prosternum and procoxae,I. tetraspilota. Proendosternites, posterior view: 23, I. tetraspilota; 24, I. borrei. Pterothorax, I. tetraspilota: 25, ventral; 26, lateral (gl, gland; msp, mesepimeron; mss, mesepisternum; mts, metepisternum; mtp, metepimeron; pr, proendosternite). Scale bars: 20-24 = 0,5 mm; 25, 26 = 1,0 mm.

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Figs 27-34
Mesoscutellum: 27, Isotes tetraspilota (Baly); 28,I. borrei (Baly). Metanotum: 29, I. tetraspilota; 30, I. borrei. Post-notum, posterior view: 31, I. tetraspilota; 32, I. borrei. Metendosternite: 33, I. tetraspilota; 34, I. borrei (a-d, metanotum apodemes; ar, arm; es, escutelum; la, lamina; mg, median groove; pd, peduncle; pn, post-notum; te, tendon). Scale bars = 0,5 mm.

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Figs 35-36
Hindwings: 35, Isotes tetraspilota (Baly); 36,I. borrei (Baly) (AA, Anal Anterior vein; arc, arculus; C, Costa; CuA, Cubitus Anterior vein; CuA₃₊₄, Cubitus Anterior vein 3+4; E, Empusal; Ju, Jugal; MP1+2, Media Posterior 1+2; MP3, Media Posterior vein 3; R, Radial cell; r3, Radial transversal 3; RA, Radial Anterior vein; RP, Radial Posterior vein; rp-mp2, radial posterior vein - media posterior 2; RP₃₊₄, Radial Posterior vein 3+4; Sc, Subcostal vein). Scale bars = 1 mm.

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Figs 37-39
I. tetraspilota (Baly), Abdomen, ventral view: 37, male; 38, female. 39, Urosternite V, male, I. borrei(Baly). Scale bars: 37, 38 = 1,0 mm; 39 = 0,5 mm.

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Figs 40-47
Aedeagus lateral and sclerites of the internal sac, dorsal: 40,I. borrei (Baly); 41, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Apex of median lobe, dorsal and ventral view, respectively: 42, I. borrei (Baly); 43,I. tetraspilota (Baly). Tegmen, dorsal view: 44,I. borrei (Baly); 45, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Spiculum gastrale: 46, Isotes borrei (Baly), Y-shaped, not fusioned; 47,I. tetraspilota (Baly), V-shaped, fusioned (af, apical flap; cr, basal crest of the median lobe; is, internal sac; llb, lateral lobe; o, basal orifice; os, ostium; sc, sclerite of the internal sac; vl, ventral lobe). Scale bars = 0,5 mm; except 40-43 = 1,0 mm and 0,5 mm, respectively.

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Figures 48-58
Tergite IX: 48, Isotes borrei (Baly); 49, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Sternite VIII: 50, Isotes borrei (Baly); 51, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Vaginal Palpi: 52, Isotes borrei (Baly); 53, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Spermatheca: 54, Isotes borrei (Baly); 55, I. tetraspilota (Baly).Bursa copulatrix: 56, Isotes borrei (Baly); 57, I. crucigera (Weise, 1916) syn. nov.; 58, I. tetraspilota, female genitalia - arrow: bursa copulatrix with detail of the very dense median region (cor, cornu; dct, spermathecal duct; nd, nodulus; mp, median part). Scale bars: 48, 49, 52-55 = 0,1 mm; 50, 51, 56-57 = 0,5 mm; 58 = 1 mm.

Figs 1-5 Habitus: 1, 2, I. borrei (Baly); 3,I. crucigera (Weise) syn. nov.; 4, 5, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Scale bars = 1,0 mm.

Figs 6-19 Head: Isotes tetraspilota (Baly): 6, frontal; 7, dorsal; 8, lateral; I. borrei (Baly): 9, frontal; 10, dorsal; 11, lateral. Labrum: 12, I. tetraspilota; 13,I. borrei. Mandible: 14, I. tetraspilota; 15, I. borrei. Maxillae: 16,I. tetraspilota; 17, I. borrei. Labium: 18, I. tetraspilota; 19, I. borrei (bs, basistipes; cd, cardo; ds, dististipes; ga, galea; ge, gena; lc, lacinia; lg, ligula; lp, labial palp; m, mentum; mo, mola; mp, maxilar palp; prm, prementum; pros, prostheca; I-V, position of the mandible teeth). Scale bars = 0,5 mm.

Figs 20-26 Pronotum, dorsal: 20, I. tetraspilota (Baly); 21,I. borrei (Baly). 22, Prosternum and procoxae,I. tetraspilota. Proendosternites, posterior view: 23, I. tetraspilota; 24, I. borrei. Pterothorax, I. tetraspilota: 25, ventral; 26, lateral (gl, gland; msp, mesepimeron; mss, mesepisternum; mts, metepisternum; mtp, metepimeron; pr, proendosternite). Scale bars: 20-24 = 0,5 mm; 25, 26 = 1,0 mm.

Figs 27-34 Mesoscutellum: 27, Isotes tetraspilota (Baly); 28,I. borrei (Baly). Metanotum: 29, I. tetraspilota; 30, I. borrei. Post-notum, posterior view: 31, I. tetraspilota; 32, I. borrei. Metendosternite: 33, I. tetraspilota; 34, I. borrei (a-d, metanotum apodemes; ar, arm; es, escutelum; la, lamina; mg, median groove; pd, peduncle; pn, post-notum; te, tendon). Scale bars = 0,5 mm.

Figs 35-36 Hindwings: 35, Isotes tetraspilota (Baly); 36,I. borrei (Baly) (AA, Anal Anterior vein; arc, arculus; C, Costa; CuA, Cubitus Anterior vein; CuA₃₊₄, Cubitus Anterior vein 3+4; E, Empusal; Ju, Jugal; MP1+2, Media Posterior 1+2; MP3, Media Posterior vein 3; R, Radial cell; r3, Radial transversal 3; RA, Radial Anterior vein; RP, Radial Posterior vein; rp-mp2, radial posterior vein - media posterior 2; RP₃₊₄, Radial Posterior vein 3+4; Sc, Subcostal vein). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figs 37-39 I. tetraspilota (Baly), Abdomen, ventral view: 37, male; 38, female. 39, Urosternite V, male, I. borrei(Baly). Scale bars: 37, 38 = 1,0 mm; 39 = 0,5 mm.

Figs 40-47 Aedeagus lateral and sclerites of the internal sac, dorsal: 40,I. borrei (Baly); 41, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Apex of median lobe, dorsal and ventral view, respectively: 42, I. borrei (Baly); 43,I. tetraspilota (Baly). Tegmen, dorsal view: 44,I. borrei (Baly); 45, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Spiculum gastrale: 46, Isotes borrei (Baly), Y-shaped, not fusioned; 47,I. tetraspilota (Baly), V-shaped, fusioned (af, apical flap; cr, basal crest of the median lobe; is, internal sac; llb, lateral lobe; o, basal orifice; os, ostium; sc, sclerite of the internal sac; vl, ventral lobe). Scale bars = 0,5 mm; except 40-43 = 1,0 mm and 0,5 mm, respectively.

Figures 48-58 Tergite IX: 48, Isotes borrei (Baly); 49, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Sternite VIII: 50, Isotes borrei (Baly); 51, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Vaginal Palpi: 52, Isotes borrei (Baly); 53, I. tetraspilota (Baly). Spermatheca: 54, Isotes borrei (Baly); 55, I. tetraspilota (Baly).Bursa copulatrix: 56, Isotes borrei (Baly); 57, I. crucigera (Weise, 1916) syn. nov.; 58, I. tetraspilota, female genitalia - arrow: bursa copulatrix with detail of the very dense median region (cor, cornu; dct, spermathecal duct; nd, nodulus; mp, median part). Scale bars: 48, 49, 52-55 = 0,1 mm; 50, 51, 56-57 = 0,5 mm; 58 = 1 mm.

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Comparative morphology of the type-species of Isotes and Synbrotica(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae), with a new synonymy of species

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