Abstract.
Quartz phenolic composites have been applied to thermal protection systems (TPSs) for reentry vehicles since the late fifties due to their excellent ablative resistance and mechanical performance. TPSs must withstand the aggressive reentry environment, such as atomic oxygen, when submitted to very high temperatures (> 1000° C) and heat flux. The ablative performance of composites is influenced by both base materiais and environmental parameters during the ablation process.
For TPS systems phenolic resin is usually used as the base matrix due to its ability to form a stable char during decomposition. This charplays an important role in the absorption of the heat generated during the ablation process. During re-entry, parts of the charred matrix can be abrasively removed by shear force due to high pressure and velocity.
In this work the ablative and mechanical properties of quartz phenolic composites were evaluated in order to identify the range of properties suitable for the use of these materiais as thermal protection systems for space vehicles. Quartz fabric having an areai weight of 680 g/m2 and a resole-typephenolic resin were used to prepare the composites. The resin has a viscosity of l65 MPa at 20°C. The prepreg material was cured by heating under pressure of 100 bar in a mold. The resin content of the prepreg obtained was about 50 per cent. The mechanical properties evaluated were, tensile, shear and flexural strength. The results obtained showed that this material has average values of 38.5 MPa, 52 MPa and 85 MPa for tensile, shear andflexural strength, respectively.
The ablative tests were carried out in a high-energy air plasma in ambient atmosphere and the mass losses were measured for different exposure time.
Key words:
Ablation; Quartzphenolic; Mechanical properties; Thermal protection systems
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REFERENCES
- ASTM C1275, "Monotonic Tensile Behavior of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature".
- ASTM D 5379, "Standard Test Method for Shear Properties of Composite Materials by the V-Notched Beam Method".
- ASTM D790, "Standard Test Method for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials".
- Kanno Y., 1993, "Development of Ablative Material for Planetary Entry", Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Composite Materials, Madrid, pp.120.
- Knop A., Pilato L.A., 1985, "Phenolic Resin: Chemistry, Application and Performance", Berlin: Springer-Verlag, Chapter 10.
- Kumara, R, Vinod, G, Renjith, S., Rajeev, G., Jana, M.K. and Harikrishnan, R., 2005, "Thermo-structural Analysis of Composite Structures", Materials Science and Engineering, A412, pp. 6670.
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Publication Dates
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Publication in this collection
Jan-Jun 2009
History
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Received
27 Apr 2009 -
Accepted
25 May 2009
