HBV and HCV serological markers in health professionals and users of the Brazilian Unified Health System network in the city of Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Silva, Alexandre R.; Ferreira, Orlando C.; Sá, Rafael S. A.; Correia, Antonio L.; Silva, Suely G. C.; Carvalho, Marco Antonio L.; Pôrto, Luís Cristóvão M. S.

doi:10.5935/1676-2444.20170016

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Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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LABORATORY MEDICINE, Original article • J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab. 53 (2) • Mar-Apr 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20170016 copy

HBV and HCV serological markers in health professionals and users of the Brazilian Unified Health System network in the city of Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Marcadores sorológicos para HBV e HBC em profissionais de saúde e usuários da rede do Sistema Único de Saúde no Município de Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are a major public health problem.

Objectives:

The study aimed to detect HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HCV among health professionals and users of the Brazilian Unified Health System [Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)] in the city of Resende, Rio de Janeiro, and to describe the sociodemographic profile and background of exposure.

Methods:

A total of 585 samples were collected between May and June 2014, obtained from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System [Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN)] data, which were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HCV.

Results:

The predominant age group observed was 30-44 years (n = 277; 47.3%), 54.87% (n = 321) were female and 271 (46.32%) self declared skin colour/ethnicity white. The married participants were 262 (44.78%), 42.22% graduated from high school (n = 247) and 174 were health professionals (29.74%). Four participants were anti-HCV reagents and 18 were anti-HBc reagents. From these, 15 participants were reactive for anti-HBs antibodies. Among health professionals, 68.8% were anti-HBs positive. And 63.9% of participants declared to be vaccinated against hepatitis B.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of 0.68% for HCV and 3.08% for anti-HBc are below that detected in the Southeast region from the last census in the capitals of Brazil. There is still a reduced acceptance among health professionals for HBV and HCV screening.

Key words:
health assessment; anti-hepatitis antibodies; hepatitis B antigens; anti-hepatitis C antibodies; healthcare technical personnel; immunization coverage

Variables	Classes	Anti-HBc reagent n (subtotal)	%	χ² p	Anti-HBs reagent n (subtotal) %		χ² p
Gender	Female Male	9 (321) 9 (264)	2.8 3.4	0.856	160 (311) 89 (251)	51.4 35.5	0.001
Age group	18-29 30-44 45-59 > 60	0 (84) 6 (277) 9 (156) 2 (47)	0 2.2 5.8 4.3	0.105	52 (84) 119 (268) 49 (146) 19 (44)	61.9 44.4 33.6 43.2	0.001
Marital status	Not married Married* Divorced** ND	7 (198) 8 (301) 3 (70) 0 (16)	3.5 2.7 4.3 0	0.761	100 (189) 122 (290) 23 (67) 4 (16)	52.9 42.1 34.3 25	0.01
Education	Under to 8 years From 8 to 10 years Up to 10 years ND	8 (100) 6 (277) 4 (204) 0 (4)	8 2.2 2 0	0.02	32 (91) 124 (270) 91 (197) 2 (4)	35.2 45.9 46.2 50	0.295
Ocupation	Health Others ND	5 (174) 11 (385) 2 (26)	2.9 2.9 7.7	0.378	115 (167) 130 (371) 4 (24)	68.9 35 16.7	0
City	Resende Other regions ND	15 (434) 2 (134) 1 (17)	3.5 1.5 5.9	0.409	186 (415) 59 (131) 4 (16)	44.8 45 25	0.288

Risk variables	Anti-HBc reagente					Anti-HBs reagent
Risk variables	No	Yes	ND	Sometimes	χ² p	No	Yes	ND	Sometimes	χ² p
Accident involving biological material	17/530 (3.21%)	0/26 (0%)	1/29 (3.45%)		0.6475	112/292 (38.4%)	19/23 (82.6%)	118/247 (47.8%)		0.0001
Acupuncture	17/527 (3.23%)	0/28 (0%)	1/30 (3.33%)		0.6267	222/505 (44.0%)	16/28 (57.1%)	11/29 (37.9%)		0.3055
Crack abuse	17/546 (3.11%)	0/8 (0%)	1/31 (3.23%)		0.8787	233/524 (44.5%)	3/8 (37.5%)	13/30 (43.3%)		0.9198
Hemodialysis	16/519 (3.08%)	1/35 (2.86%)	1/31 (3.23%)		0.996	217/498 (43.6%)	20/34 (58.8%)	12/30 (40%)		0.1982
Injection drug	17/555 (3.06%)	0/1 (0%)	1/29 (3.45%)		0.9775	237/533 (44.5%)	0/1 (0%)	12/28 (42.9%)		0.6621
Injectable medications	14/414 (3.38%)	3/136 (2.21%)	1/35 (2.86%)		0.7864	173/396 (43.7%)	62/132 (47%)	14/34 (41.2%)		0.7498
Three or more partners	15/512 (2.93%)	2/47 (4.26%)	1/26 (3.85%)		0.8574	220/493 (44.6%)	17/44 (38.6%)	12/25 (48%)		0.6936
Piercing/tattoo	15/465 (3.23%)	2/88 (2.27%)	1/32 (3.13%)		0.8933	189/445 (42.5%)	47/86 (54.7%)	13/31 (41.9%)		0.1104
Transfusion	15/534 (2.81%)	2/19 (10.53%)	1/32 (3.13%)		0.1601	232/514 (45.1%)	5/17 (29.4%)	12/31 (38.7%)		0.3561
Transplant	16/554 (2.89%)	1/1 (100%)	1/30 (3.33%)		0	237/533 (44.5%)	0/0 (-)	12/29 (41.4%)		0.8935
Surgical treatment	10/416 (2.40%)	7/135 (5.19%)	1/34 (2.94%)		0.2663	173/405 (42.7%)	64/124 (51.6%)	12/33 (36.4%)		0.1394
Dental treatment	8/275 (2.91%)	9/277 (3.25%)	1/33 (3.03%)		0.9735	114/265 (43.0%)	123/265 (46.4%)	12/32 (37.5%)		0.5336
Disposable personal hygiene toiletries	6/185 (3.24%)	6/283 (2.12%)	4/57 (7.02%)	2/60 (3.33%)	0.2762	80/177 (45.2%)	127/275 (46.2%)	22/53 (41.5%)	20/57 (35.1%)	0.461
Own personal hygiene toiletries	8/326 (2.45%)	3/158 (1.90%)	5/52 (9.62%)	2/49 (4.08%)	0.0324	140/316 (44.3%)	66/154 (42.9%)	20/46 (43.5%)	23/46 (50%)	0.8618
Hepatitis B vaccine	6/94 (6.38%)	7/263 (2.66%)	5/51 (9.80%)	0/177 (0%)	0.0007	14/88 (15.9%)	163/255 (63.9%)	72/219 (32.9%)		0
Complete hepatitis B vaccine	6/94 (6.38%)	7/263 (2.66%)	5/228 (2.19%)		0.1228	105/155 (67.7%)	22/30 (73.3%)	36/70 (51.4%)		0.0322

Participant	Sex	Skin colour/ethnicity	Marital status	Age	Education (years)	Occupation	Anti-HBc	Anti-HBs
1	F	White	Widow	83	4	Other	R	NR
2	M	Black	Single	38	12	Health	NR	R
3	F	White	Married	57	8	Other	NR	R
4	F	Caucasian	Widow	65	8	Other	NR	R

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Luís Cristóvão Pôrto HLA-UERJ; Avenida Marechal Rondon, 381; São Francisco Xavier; CEP: 20950-003; Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brasil; Phone: +55 (21) 2334-2421; e-mail: lcporto@uerj.br.