Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among university students of health sciences in Brazil: findings and implications

Alves, Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá; Paula, Waléria de; Netto, Patrícia Ribeiro Rezende; Godman, Brian; Nascimento, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do; Coura-Vital, Wendel

doi:10.1590/0047-2085000000322

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Epidemiology Research, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-2476

Waléria de Paula

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9438-7343

Patrícia Ribeiro Rezende Netto

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Health Center of UFOP, Psychology Sector, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-3645

Brian Godman

University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom. Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, School of Pharmacy, Division of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, 0208, South Africa.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-6972

Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Departament of Pharmacy, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-2157

Wendel Coura-Vital

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Epidemiology Research, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), School of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1434-7676

Address for correspondence: Wendel Coura-Vital. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário – 35400-000 – Morro do Cruzeiro, MG, Brazil. E-mail: wendelcoura@ufop.edu.br

INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves, Wendel Coura-Vital – Conception and design of study.

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves – Acquisition of data.

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves, Waléria de Paula, Patrícia Ribeiro Rezende Netto, Brian Godman, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Wendel Coura-Vital – Data analysis and/or interpretation of data

Júlia Vasconcelos de Sá Alves, Waléria de Paula, Patrícia Ribeiro Rezende Netto, Brian Godman, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Wendel Coura-Vital – Draft and revising the manuscript.

All authors approved the final version.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Variables	n (%)
Gender
Women	394 (79.9)
Age (years)
18-22	184 (37.3)
23-25	183 (37.1)
>25	126 (25.6)
Chronic disease (yes)	90 (18.6)
Psychological treatment (yes)	223 (45.2)
Psychiatric treatment (yes)	101 (20.5)
Victim of childhood violence
Physical	15 (3.2)
Mental	52 (11.0)
Physical and mental	38 (8.0)
Suicidal thoughts (yes)	225 (47.7)
Residence with
Friends (students house)	295 (61.3)
Parents	115 (23.9)
Alone	45 (9.4)
Relatives	26 (5.4)
Deceased parents (yes)
Father	26 (5.3)
Mother	5 (1.0)
Father and mother	13 (2.6)
Good relationship with (yes)
Father	380 (81.0)
Mother	462 (95.3)
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	404 (83.3)
Homosexual	29 (6.0)
Bisexual	52 (10.7)
Unique sexual partner (yes)	244 (51.1)
Sexual orientation approved by parents (yes)	429 (92.8)
Physical activities (yes)	260 (53.4)
Frequency of physical activity
Once a week	42 (16.3)
Two times a week	77 (29.8)
Three times a week	71 (27.5)
Four times a week or more	68 (26.4)
Consume of alcoholic beverages (yes)	369 (75.8)
Frequency of alcohol consumption
Often	60 (16.3)
Occasionally	259 (70.2)
Rarely	50 (13.5)
Use of illicit drugs (yes)	80 (22.5)
Frequency of illicit drugs use
Often	15 (19.0)
Occasionally	32 (40.5)
Rarely	32 (40.5)
Ideal period of the course (yes)	231 (48.6)
On exams period during the study data collection (yes)	134 (27.6)
Satisfaction with the course
Very Satisfied	33 (6.8)
Pleased	202 (41.7)
Unhappy	163 (33.7)
Dissatisfied	86 (17.8)

Variables	Degrees of anxiety					p-value
Variables	Mild RP (IC 95%)	p-value	Moderate RP (IC 95%)	p-value	Severe RP (IC 95%)	p-value
Age (years)
18-22	-	-	-	-	-	-
23-25	0.9 (0.7-1.1)	0.454	0.9 (0.7-1.1)	0.273	0.8 (0.6-1.0)	0.049
>25	0.9 (0.7-1.2)	0.427	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	0.899	0.7 (0.5-0.9)	0.021
Gender
Male	-	-	-	-	-	-
Female	1.2 (0.9-1.5)	0.192	1.45 (1.1-1.9)	0.013	2.0 (1.3-3.2)	0.001
Chronic disease
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	1.0 (0.7-1.3)	0.820	0.8 (0.7-1.0)	0.075	0.7 (0.6-0.9)	0.006
Victim of childhood violence
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes, physics	1.1 (0.5-2.5)	0.799	1.5 (1.2-1.9)	0.001	1.4 (0.8-2.5)	0.286
Yes, mental	1.5 (1.2-1.8)	0.000	1.4 (1.1-1.8)	0.003	1.7 (1.4-2.0)	0.001
Yes, both	1.4 (1.0-2.0)	0.032	1.5 (1.2-1.8)	0.001	1.7 (1.5-2.1)	0.001
Suicidal thoughts
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	0.9 (0.7-1.2)	0.378	1.4 (1.2-1.7)	0.001	2.2 (1.6-3.0)	0.001
Sexual Orientation
Heterosexual	-	-	-	-	-	-
Homosexual	0.8 (0.5-1.4)	0.475	1.0 (0.8-1.5)	0.730	0.8 (0.5-1.5)	0.538
Bisexual	0.6 (0.3-1.1)	0.103	0.9 (0.6-1.3)	0.540	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	0.848
Deceased father and/or mother
Not	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes father	2.0 (1.1-3.7)	0.029	2.7 (1.1-6.5)	0.032	1.4 (1.0-1.8)	0.029
Yes mom	1.5 (0.6-3.5)	0.345	2.3 (0.9-5.9)	0.087	1.0 (0.5-2.0)	0.345
Yes both	1.3 (0.7-2.4)	0.441	1.8 (0.7-4.3)	0.215	0.9 (0.6-1.2)	0.441
Good relationship with their fathers
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	0.052	1.3 (1.0-1.5)	0.032	1.4 (1.1 -1.7)	0.052
Good relationship with their mothers
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	1.2 (0.8-1.8)	0.431	1.3 (0.9-1.7)	0.126	1.2 (0.8-1.8)	0.431
Physical activity
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	1.0 (0.8-1.2)	0.972	1.1 (0.9-1.4)	0.180	1.4 (1.1-1.7)	0.004
Ideal period of the course
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	1.2 (0.9-1.4)	0.121	1.1 (0.9-1.3)	0.313	1.2 (0.9-1.4)	0.144
Satisfaction with the course
Very satisfied	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pleased	1.1 (0.7-1.7)	0.651	2.7 (1.0-7.6)	0.052	1.3 (0.7-2.4)	0.404
Unhappy	1.4 (0.9-2.2)	0.100	3.6 (1.3-9.9)	0.013	1.9 (1.1-3.5)	0.033
Dissatisfied	1.4 (0.9-2.2)	0.165	3.8 (1.4-10.6)	0.010	2.2 (1.2-4.0)	0.009
Being on exams week
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	0.038	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	0.001	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	0.004

Variables	Degrees of anxiety
Variables	Mild RP (IC 95%)	p-value	Moderate RP (IC 95%)	p-value	Severe RP (IC 95%)	p-value
Victim of childhood violence
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Physics (Yes)	-	-	1.4 (1.1-1.9)	0.01	-	-
Mental (Yes)	1.5 (1.2-1.9)	0.01	-	-	1.4 (1.1-1.8)	0.01
Both (Yes)	1.4 (1.1-2.0)	0.02	-	-	1.7 (1.4-2.1)	0.01
Suicidal thoughts
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	-	-	1.4 (1.1-1.7)	0.01	1.8 (1.4-2.4)	0.01
Deceased father and/or mother
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Father (Yes)	1.9 (1.1-3.5)	0.04	2.7 (1.1-6.3)	0.02	-	-
Mother (Yes)	-	-	2.3 (1.1-5.0)	0.04	-	-
Both (Yes)	-	-	2.1 (1.1-4.1)	0.04	-	-
Good relationship with their father
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
No	-	-	1.2 (1.1-1.5)	0.03	-	-
Degree of satisfaction with the course
Very satisfied	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pleased	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unhappy	-	-	2.5 (1.1-5.8)	0.03	-	-
Dissatisfied	-	-	2.6 (1.1-6.2)	0.03	-	-
Being on exams week
No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yes	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	0.01	-	-	1.5 (1.2-1.8)	0.01

[1] Address for correspondence: Wendel Coura-Vital. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Universitário – 35400-000 – Morro do Cruzeiro, MG, Brazil. E-mail: wendelcoura@ufop.edu.br

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Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety among university students of health sciences in Brazil: findings and implications

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ABSTRACT

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions