OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with schizophrenia attended in a social rehabilitation program (CAPS). METHODS:Cross-sectional study with 40 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, in antipsychotic use, attended in CAPS of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Anthropometric measures were verified (weight, height, waist circumference, body fat percentage), blood pressure and cigarette smoking. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 65% of men. Mean of weight was 75,39 ± 15,73 kg and mean body mass index was within the parameters of overweight (26,76 ± 4,78 kg/m²), 55% of the patients with overweight or obesity according to the OMS/1998 criteria. Waist circumference and body fat percentage were high in most patients (62.5% and 92.5%, respectively). In addition, there was no significant association between BMI and antipsychotics drugs (typic and atypic, clozapine). We found a correlation between duration of disease with body fat percentage (r = 0.39, p = 0.033) and education correlated with weight (r = 0.362, p = 0.046) and BMI (r = 0.372, p = 0.039). In linear regression 13% of the variability in fat percentage was explained by disease duration (r² = 0.131, B = 0.233, p = 0.049), 13% of weight variation was explained by education (r² = 0.131, B = 1.415, p = 0.046) and 13.8% of the variation in BMI was explained by education level (r² = 0.138, B = 0.411, p = 0.039). CONCLUSION: Patients showed increased levels of waist circumference, body fat percentage and overweight. Apparently, the weight gain occurs in all patients exposed to antipsychotics, independent from type of drug and clinical response, and at any moment along illness evolution. It is suggested that in addition to food habits an nutritional assessment and follow-up, the clinician should take notes about early changes along the course of illness, changes of type and dose of drugs.
Schizophrenia; overweight; obesity; nutrition
