INTRODUCTION: Different stimuli can potentially protect cells from damage if applied prior to a strong and harmful insult. This phenomenon is called tolerance- or priming-induced cellular protection. In the central nervous system (SNC), several forms of priming stimuli were identified and showed a significant effect reducing neuronal death in the brain. OBJECTIVE: The present review discusses different studies involving neuroprotection and epilepsy, as well as their clinical implications. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A number of studies reported that hypoxic, ischemic, hyperthermic and convulsive priming events activate endogenous mechanisms capable of reducing both the behavioral and cellular damaging effects of subsequent seizures. Such mechanisms seem to involve the activation of specific signaling cascades and gene expression changes. These findings, therefore, can contribute to a better understanding of the preconditioning events on epileptic seizures as well as introduce new perspectives to the treatment of epilepsy.
neuroprotection; epilepsy; hypoxia; ischemia; status epilepticus; neuronal death
