A Novel Tri-bandpass Filter Side-coupled Square Ring Based

Duarte Júnior, José Garibaldi; Silva Neto, Valdemir Praxedes da

doi:10.1590/2179-10742020v19i2850

José Garibaldi Duarte Júnior

Postgraduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering – PPGEEC/UFRN, Natal, RN, Brazil, garibaldijrrn@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9708-3118

Valdemir Praxedes da Silva Neto

Communication Engineering Department – DCO/UFRN, Natal, RN, vpraxedes.neto@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3867-3297

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Fig. 1
Tri-band Bandpass Filter. (a) TBF Resonator geometry. (b) Equivalent circuit modeled on transmission line.

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Fig. 2
Network of coupled lines with three ports and their corresponding circuit based on [¹⁵[15] Y. Nemoto, K. Kobayashi, R. Sato, “Graph transformations of nonuniform coupled transmission line networks and their application,” IEEE Trans. on Micro. Theory and Tech, vol. 33, pp. 1257-1263, 1985.].

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Fig. 3
Equivalent circuit composition of coupled lines and admittance matrix Y_s.

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Fig. 2
Network of coupled lines with three ports and their corresponding circuit based on [¹⁵[15] Y. Nemoto, K. Kobayashi, R. Sato, “Graph transformations of nonuniform coupled transmission line networks and their application,” IEEE Trans. on Micro. Theory and Tech, vol. 33, pp. 1257-1263, 1985.].

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Fig. 3
Equivalent circuit composition of coupled lines and admittance matrix Y_s.

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Fig. 4
Frequency response to equivalent circuit considering f_R equal to 1.00 GHz.

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Fig. 5
Frequency response (phase) to equivalent circuit considering f_R equal to 1.00 GHz.

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Fig. 6
Equivalent circuit analysis for f_R equal 1.00 GHz and Z_oe = 100 Ω. (a) r in function of Z_oo e Z_L. (b) tz in function of Z_oo and Z_L. (c) BW in function of Z_oo and Z_L.

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Fig. 7
Analysis of the response of r as a function of Z_L variation for different Z_oo values.

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Fig. 8
(a) Tri-bandpass Filter model with f_R = 1.50 GHz (dimensions in mm: s = 0.4, w_L = 3.24, w_c = 1.58, w = 2.24, L_L = 11.64, L_c₁ = 39, L_c₂ = 46.82, L = 5.58). (b) Built prototype.

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Fig. 9
Surface current density obtained via EM simulation for (a) 0.78 GHz, (b) 1.50 GHz, (c) 2.30 GHz.

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Fig. 10
Comparison of frequency response of results obtained by EM simulation and experimental measurement.

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Fig. 11
(a) Comparison between input impedance Z_in as a function of frequency obtained by simulation and experimental measurement. (b) Group Delay.

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Table I
SUMMARY OF RESULTS OBTAINED VIA EM SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT

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Table II
COMPARISON BETWEEN PROPOSED TBF AND LITERATURE MODELS

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

Transmission Band	f_sim (GHz)	−3 dB BW (GHz)_sim	Ins. Loss (dB)_sim	f_meas (GHz)	−3 dB BW (GHz)_meas	Ins. Loss (dB)_meas
Main	1.5	0.19	0.63	1.49	0.13	1.45
LTB	0.77	0.04	1.40	0.78	0.02	1.48
UTB	2.33	0.19	1.47	2.30	0.15	1.62

Model	f (GHz)	−3 dB BW(%)	N tz	Ins. Loss(dB)	Resonator
[²[2] K. Da Xu, Z. Luo, Y. Liu, Q. H. Liu, “High-selectivity single-ended and balanced bandpass filters using ring resonators and coupled lines loaded with multiple stubs,” AEU-Inter. Journal of Electr. and Com., vol. 96, pp. 193-198, 2018.]	2.1	23.7	6	1.6	Side-coupled Square Ring / Stub-loaded
[³[3] M. K. M. Salleh, G. Prigent, O. Pigaglio, R. Crampagne, “Quarter-wavelength side-coupled ring resonator for bandpass filters,” IEEE Trans. on Micro. Theory and Tech, vol. 56, pp. 156-162, 2008.]	2	12	2	2.4	Side-coupled Square Ring
[⁶[6] S. Karthie, S. Salivahanan, “Fractally slotted patch resonator based compact dual-mode microstrip bandpass filter for Wireless LAN applications,” AEU-Inter. Journal of Electr. and Com., vol. 107, pp. 264-274, 2019.]	2.4	5	2	0.91	Fractally Sloted Patch
[⁷[7] V. K. Killamsetty, B. Mukherjee, “Compact triple band bandpass filters design using mixed coupled resonators,” AEU-Inter. Journal of Electr. and Com., vol. 107, pp. 49-56, 2019.]	0.35 / 0.957 / 1.68	10.5 / 6.2 / 4.3	8	1.1 / 0.77 / 0.67	Coupled Line / Stub-loaded
[¹³[13] A. Ghaderi, A. Golestanifar, F. Shama, “Microstrip bandpass filters using coupled feed lines for third and fourth generation communications,” AEU-Inter. Journal of Electr. and Com., vol. 86, pp. 195-201, 2018.]	2.1 / 2.62	1.76 / 1.527	3	0.81 / 1.13	Coupled Feed Lines
[¹⁴[14] S. Y. Shriram, K. V. P. Kumar, S. S. Karthikeyan, “Compact dual-wideband bandpass filter for wireless applications,” AEU-Inter. Journal of Electr. and Com., vol. 95, pp. 69-72, 2018.]	1.57 / 4.6	82.16 / 41.52	2	0.21 / 0.39	Coupled Lines
[¹⁸[18] F. Song, B. Wei, L. Zhu, Y. Feng, R. Wang, B. Cao, “A novel tri-band superconducting filter using embedded stub-loaded resonators,” IEEE Trans on Appl. Superc., vol. 26, pp. 1-9, 2016.]	1.8 / 2.38 / 3.5	4 / 4.1 / 4	3	0.07 / 0.08 / 0.11	Embedded Stub-loaded
[¹⁹[19] H. W. Wu, L. Y. Jian, Y. W. Chen, Y. K. Su, “New triple-passband bandpass filter using multipath stub loaded resonators,” IEEE Micro. and Wir. Comp. Let., vol. 26, pp. 186-188, 2016.]	1.575 / 1.8 / 2.4	6.1 / 3.5 / 3.1	6	0.7 / 0.9 / 0.9	Stub-loaded
[²⁰[20] M. P. Mohan, A. Alphones, M. F. Karim, “Triple band filter based on double periodic CRLH resonator,” IEEE Micro. and Wir. Comp. Let., vol. 28, pp. 212-214, 2018.]	3.6 / 6 / 9	3 / 4.7 / 3.5	5	3.16 / 2.17 / 3.16	Double CRLH
This work	0.78 / 1.49 / 2.30	2.56 / 8.72 / 6.52	4	1.48 / 1.45 / 1.62	Modified Side-coupled Square Ring

Y_{s 11} = \frac{s^{2} Y_{u e}^{2} Z_{L} \cos θ_{L} + j s Y_{u e} \sin θ_{L} + j s Y_{u e}^{3} Z_{L}^{2} \sin θ_{L} + Y_{u e}^{2} Z_{L} \cos θ_{L}}{2 s Y_{u e} Z_{L} \cos θ_{L} + j s^{2} \sin θ_{L} + j Y_{u e}^{2} Z_{L}^{2} \sin θ_{L}}

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A Novel Tri-bandpass Filter Side-coupled Square Ring Based

Abstract