POSTURE AND BALANCE IN ELDERLY WHO PRACTICE AND WHO DO NOT PRACTICE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

Bianchi, Adriane Behring; Antunes, Mateus Dias; Santos, Natália Quevedo dos; Bulla, Henrique Augusto; Silva, Eraldo Schunk; Marques, Amélia Pasqual; Bertolini, Sonia Maria Marques Gomes

doi:10.4025/jphyseduc.v31i1.3163

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Journal of Physical Education

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Original Article • J. Phys. Educ. 31 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v31i1.3163 copy

POSTURE AND BALANCE IN ELDERLY WHO PRACTICE AND WHO DO NOT PRACTICE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

POSTURA E EQUILÍBRIO EM IDOSOS PRATICANTES E NÃO PRATICANTES DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to compare body posture and equilibrium between the elderly who practice and who do not practice physical activities. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study, with a convenience sample of 245 elderly people, divided into practicing group of physical activity (PG) (n=169) and non-practicing group of physical activity (NPG) (n=76). The balance was evaluated using the Berg scale and the orthostatic body posture through SAPO software and the seated posture by the Rocha and Souza protocol. It was found that the elderly of the PG had better-seated posture (p=0.046), vertical alignment of the right trunk (p=0.039), vertical alignment of the right (p=0.027) and left (p=0.004) left ankle angle (p=0.023), asymmetry of the frontal plane (p=0.008) and balance (p=0.001), compared to the elderly of NPG. It is concluded that the elderly who practice physical activities have better posture and equilibrium, compared to non-practicing ones. This information can be useful to increase and encourage physical practices and physical activities for the elderly programs in Brazil.

Keywords:
Motor activity; Exercise; Aging; Balance; Health promotion

	Variables	PG (n=169)	NPG (n=76)	p
		N (%)	N (%)
Gender	Female	140 (82.84%)	61 (80.26%)	0.125
	Male	29 (17.16%)	15 (19.74%)
Marital Status	Married	70 (41.42%)	28 (36.84%)
	Single	21 (12.43%)	12 (15.79%)	0.761
	Divorced	29 (17.16%)	15 (19.74%)
	Widowed	49 (28.99%)	21 (27.63%)
Education	Up to 8 years of study	48 (28.40%)	26 (34.21%)	0.625
	9 to 11 years of study	71 (42.01%)	28 (36.84%)
	12 or more years of study	50 (29.59%)	22 (28.95%)
Monthly income	1 to 2 minimum wages	67 (39.65%)	31 (40.79%)
	2 to 4 minimum wages	54 (31.95%)	29 (38.16%)	0.269
	4 to 6 minimum wages	29 (17.16%)	6 (7.89%)

IPAQ Classification	PG (n=169)	NPG(n=76)	p
	N (%)	N (%)
Very active	17 (10.06%)	4 (5.26%)
Active	131 (77.51%)	51 (67.11%)	0.024*
Irregularly active	18 (10.65%)	17 (22.37%)	0.024*
Sedentary	3 (1.78%)	4 (5.26%)

Variables	PG(n=169)	NPG(n=76)	P
	Md (Q1-Q3)	Md (Q1-Q3)
Anterior View
Horizontal head alignment (g)	2.30 (1.10-4.00)	2.50 (1.25-4.60)	0.309
Horizontal alignment of acromions (g)	1.70 (0.80-2.90)	1.60 (0.80-3.10)	0.454
Horizontal alignment of the anterior superior iliac spine (g)	1.60 (0.70-2.50)	1.55 (0.75-2.60)	0.389
Angle between 2 acromions and 2 anterior superior iliac spine (g)	1.70 (0.90-3.60)	2.00 (1.05-3.80)	0.180
Anterior alignment of the right lower limb (g)	4.00 (2.20-6.40)	3.80 (1.45-6.20)	0.187
Anterior alignment of the left lower limb (g)	3.60 (2.20-5.70)	3.50 (1.50-5.60)	0.228
Difference of lower limbs in length (cm)	0.90 (0.50-1.60)	1.00 (0.40-1.60)	0.431
Horizontal alignment of tibial tuberosities (degrees)	1.50 (0.60-3.00)	1.75 (0.50-3.15)	0.392
Right Q-angle (g)	18.70(11.70-27.20)	18.75 (10.90-28.95)	0.389
Left Q-angle (g)	23.30(15.00-32.70)	22.50 (15.80-29.60)	0.195
Posterior View
Horizontal asymmetry of scapulae related to T3 (%)	19.00 (8.50-35.10)	19.20 (7.45-31.50)	0.366
Right leg / rearfoot-to-leg angle (g)	6.00 (3.25-10.20)	7.50 (3.05-12.15)	0.085
Left leg / rearfoot-to-leg angle (g)	6.40 (3.40-10.05)	8.25 (3.80-11.30)	0.087
Right Side View
Horizontal head alignment (C7) (g)	46.10 (41.70-50.70)	47.10 (42.10-52.25)	0.282
Vertical head alignment (acromions) (g)	15.50 (10.00-21.70)	18.10 (9.40-24.10)	0.279
Vertical body trunk alignment (g)	2.60 (1.40-4.10)	3.10 (1.75-4.80)	0.039*
Hip angle (trunk and lower limb) (g)	9.90 (3.00-12.50)	10.35 (6.05-13.55)	0.283
Vertical body alignment (g)	1.95 (1.10-2.90)	2.30 (1.50-3.20)	0.027*
Horizontal alignment of the pelvis (g)	8.90 (4.10-11.60)	8.50 (4.60-15.45)	0.081
Knee angle (g)	4.60 (2.70-7.90)	4.70 (2.60-7.85)	0.391
Ankle angle (g)	86.30 (84.20-88.60)	87.15 (84.50-88.85)	0.142
Left side view
Horizontal head alignment (C7) (g)	43.60 (39.70-48.40)	43.50 (38.95-47.45)	0.252
Vertical head alignment (acromions) (g)	18.00 (10.00-26.10)	17.85 (9.45-28.65)	0.446
Vertical body trunk alignment (g)	3.10 (1.40-5.00)	3.40 (2.05-4.80)	0.362
Hip angle (body trunk and lower limb) (g)	8.50 (5.40-11.90)	9.55 (5.80-12.70)	0.201
Vertical body alignment (g)	1.50 (0.60-2.60)	2.00 (1.05-3.40)	0.004*
Horizontal alignment of the pelvis (g)	8.50 (5.10-11.80)	8.85 (3.10-14.10)	0.422
Knee angle (g)	3.90 (1.70-5.60)	4.00 (2.60-6.95)	0.129
Ankle angle (g)	85.45 (82.80-88.50)	86.60(84.20-88.80)	0.023*
Center of gravity
Asymmetry in the frontal plane (%)	5.20 (2.40-10.00)	7.75 (3.85-11.50)	0.008*
Asymmetry in the sagittal plane (%)	35.90 (29.50-42.80)	38.65 (29.25-47.80)	0.076

Variables	PG	NPG	P
	Md (Q1-Q3)	Md (Q1-Q3)
Balance	(n=169)	(n=76)
	55 (54-56)	54 (53-56)	0,001*

Universidade Estadual de Maringá Avenida Colombo, 5790 - cep: 87020-900 - tel: 44 3011 4315 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: revdef@uem.br

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[1] Author address: Mateus Dias Antunes. Rua Cipotânea, 51, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 05360-000 - São Paulo - SP/Brasil. Telefone: (11) 3091-7459, E-mail: mateusantunes@usp.br