Binge drinking and frequent or heavy drinking among adolescents: prevalence and associated factors

Conegundes, Lara Silvia Oliveira; Valente, Juliana Y.; Martins, Camila Bertini; Andreoni, Solange; Sanchez, Zila M.

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2018.08.005

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Original articles • J. Pediatr. (Rio J.) 96 (2) • Mar-Apr 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.08.005 copy

Binge drinking and frequent or heavy drinking among adolescents: prevalence and associated factors^☆ ☆ Please cite this article as: Conegundes LS, Valente JY, Martins CB, Andreoni S, Sanchez ZM. Binge drinking and frequent or heavy drinking among adolescents: prevalence and associated factors. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2020;96:193-201.

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Abstract

Objective:

To analyze the sociodemographic, school, and family factors associated with the patterns of binge drinking and frequent or heavy drinking among adolescents.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study, nested in a randomized controlled trial, of 6285 seventh and eighth grade adolescent students from Brazilian public schools. The associations between binge drinking (consumption of five or more doses of alcohol on a single occasion) in the last 12 months and frequent or heavy drinking (alcohol consumption on six or more days) in the last month and the several factors were analyzed through weighted logistic regression.

Results:

16.5% of the students reported binge drinking in the year before the interview and 2.2% reported frequent/heavy drinking in the previous month. The factors associated with binge drinking were cigarette smoking (OR = 6.7, 95% CI = 3.96; 11.23), use of marijuana (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.17; 4.31), use of inhalant drugs (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.98; 4.43), exposure to a drunk relative (OR = 2.1, 95% C = 1.67; 2.53), practice of bullying (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.47; 2.17), verbal aggression (OR = 1.7, 95%CI = 1.40; 2.14), and intermediate/low school grades (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.35; 2.20). The factors associated with frequent/heavy drinking were cigarette smoking (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.16; 5.22), use of marijuana (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.32; 7.72), and physical aggression (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.36; 3.50).

Conclusions:

The analyzed outcomes showed an association between the risk consumption of alcohol in early adolescence and low academic performance, involvement with other drugs, aggressiveness, and witnessing episodes of a family member's drunkenness. Considering the impact on public health of the damages caused by alcohol consumption during adolescence, these factors that showed such association should be considered in the development of preventive interventions.

KEYWORDS
Adolescents; Alcohol; Students; Binge drinking

Characteristics	n	%	95% CI
Gender
Male	3127	48.8	47.03; 50.56
Female	3260	51.2	49.44; 52.97
Age
11	139	1.7	1.23; 2.22
12	3204	52.2	49.30; 55.04
13	2199	32.9	31.26; 34.56
14	628	9.6	8.22; 11.26
15	217	3.6	2.93; 4.54
ABEP mean (SE)	6387	27.7 (0.4)	26.92; 28.41
A (35-42)	244	3.78	26.92; 28.41
B (23-34)	2467	36.64	2.80; 5.11
C (14-22)	3343	53.98	33.54; 39.85
D/E (0-13)	322	5.6	50.41; 57.50
Father lives in the same household	3749	57.1	4.60; 6.80
Mother lives in the same household	5691	88.9	87.54; 90.04
Practice of violence at school by the adolescent in the previous 30 days
Bullying	1156	18.8	17.31; 20.42
Physical aggression	501	8.1	7.12; 9.23
Verbal aggression	725	11.8	10.48; 13.17
School grades in the previous year
High	1869	29.2	27.49; 30.87
Intermediate/low	4375	70.9	69.13; 72.51
Sporadic alcohol consumption (parents and/or siblings)	3187	51.4	48.50; 51.23
Exposure to a drunk family member (parents and/or siblings)	858	14.1	12.89; 15.34
Use of drugs by the adolescent
Heavy drinking	141	2.2	1.77; 2.73
Cigarette smoking	115	1.8	1.39; 2.42
Inhalant drug use	176	2.8	2.26; 3.35
Marijuana use	76	1.2	0.89; 1.67
Use of drugs by the adolescent in the previous 12 months
Binge drinking	1006	16.5	15.10; 18.01
Cigarette smoking	243	4.0	3.31; 4.86
Inhalant drug use	525	8.2	7.45; 9.07
Marijuana use	156	2.6	2.05; 3.20

	(1) FD/HD, previous month					(2) BD, previous year
	Yes		No			Yes		No
	n	%	n	%	p-Value	n	%	n	%	p-Value
Gender
Male	82	58.1	3.031	48.5	0.061	510	49.6	2.570	48.5	0.591
Female	59	41.9	3.188	51.5		496	50.4	2.741	51.5
Age	141	12.9 (0.03)	6.223	12.6 (0.10)	0.001	1.006	12.9 (0.05)	5.315	12.56 (0.03)	<0.001
ABEP score	141	29.8 (1.14)	6.219	27.6 (0.36)	0.031	1.006	28.4 (0.50)	5.311	27.5 (0.38)	0.017
Father lives in the same household (no)	70	53.4	2.545	42.7	0.015	476	48.8	2.122	41.7	<0.001
Mother lives in the same household (no)	22	15.4	661	11.0	0.108	132	13.0	545	10.8	0.023
Inhalant drug use (yes) ^a a Due to the temporal difference of the outcome, when BD was the dependent variable, the variables cigarette smoking, use of inhalant drugs, and marijuana were considered in the previous 12 months. When FD/HD was the dependent variable, the variables cigarette smoking, use of inhalant drugs, and marijuana were considered in the previous 30 days.	20	14.7	156	2.5	<0.001	209	21.8	313	5.5	<0.001
Marijuana use (yes) ^a a Due to the temporal difference of the outcome, when BD was the dependent variable, the variables cigarette smoking, use of inhalant drugs, and marijuana were considered in the previous 12 months. When FD/HD was the dependent variable, the variables cigarette smoking, use of inhalant drugs, and marijuana were considered in the previous 30 days.	21	15.4	55	0.9	<0.001	114	11.4	42	0.8	<0.001
School grades in the previous year
High	22	15.5	1.840	29.4	0.004	189	18.8	1.666	31.2	<0.001
Intermediate/low	116	84.5	4.246	70.6		792	81.2	3.540	68.8
Practice of physical aggression at school (30 days)
Yes	39	28.8	460	7.6	<0.001	170	16.8	326	6.5	<0.001
Practice of verbal aggression at school (30 days)
Yes	47	35.0	677	11.2	<0.001	237	23.7	480	9.4	<0.001
Practice of bullying at school (30 days)
Yes	65	45.6	1.086	18.2	<0.001	340	34.5	802	15.7	<0.001
Sporadic alcohol consumption (parents and/or siblings)
Yes	81	58.7	3.098	51.2	0.311	558	55.4	2.598	50.5	0.020
Exposure to a drunk family member (parents and/or siblings)
Yes	28	16.4	830	14.1	0.582	226	23.0	623	12.3	<0.001

	Frequent/heavy drinking, previous month
	cOR	95% CI	p-Value	aOR	95% CI	p-Value
Gender (male)	0.7	0.44; 1.02	0.063
Age (increment year)	1.5	1.23; 1.88	<0.001
ABEP (score)	1	1.00; 1.10	0.013
Father lives in the same household (n)	1.5	1.09; 2.17	0.016
Mother lives in the same household (n)	1.5	0.91; 2.36	0.110
Cigarette smoking in the previous 30 days	17.8	10.32; 30.61	<0.001	2.5	1.16; 5.22	0.020
Inhalant drug use in the previous 30 days	6.7	3.72; 12.18	<0.001
Marijuana use in the previous 30 days	20	9.46; 42.26	<0.001	3.2	1.32; 7.72	0.011
Intermediate/low school grades in the previous year	2.3	1.29; 4.02	0.005
Physical aggression at school, previous 30 days	4.9	3.11; 7.69	<0.001	2.2	1.36; 3.50	0.001
Verbal aggression at school, previous 30 days	4.2	2.75; 6.55	<0.001
Practice of bullying at school, previous 30 days	3.8	2.62; 5.39	<0.001
Sporadic consumption of alcohol (parents and/or siblings)	1.4	0.75; 2.45	0.313
Exposure to a drunk family member (parents and/or siblings)	1.2	0.62; 2.33	0.583
Binge drinking	24.6	13.86; 43.76	<0.001	19.1	10.44; 35.09	<0.001

	Binge drinking, previous year
	cOR	95%CI	p-Value	aOR	95%CI	p-Value
Gender (Male)	1	0.81; 1.13	0.592
Age (increment year)	1.6	1.43; 1.71	<0.001	1.4	1.22; 1.49	<0.001
ABEP (score)	1	1.00; 1.02	0.015
Father lives in the same household (n)	1.3	1.15; 1.54	<0.001
Mother lives in the same household (n)	1.2	1.03; 1.47	0.023
Cigarette smoking in the previous 12 months	15.6	10.68; 22.68	<0.001	6.7	3.96; 11.23	<0.001
Inhalant drug use in the previous 12 months	4.8	3.57; 6.35	<0.001	3.0	1.98; 4.43	<0.001
Marijuana use in the previous 12 months	15.4	10.35; 22.78	<0.001	2.2	1.17; 4.31	0.016
Intermediate/low school grades in the previous year	2	1.61; 2.39	<0.001	1.7	1.35; 2.20	<0.001
Physical aggression at school, previous 30 days	2.9	2.32; 3.68	<0.001
Verbal aggression at school, previous 30 days	3	2.53; 3.55	<0.001	1.7	1.40; 2.14	<0.001
Practice of bullying at school, previous 30 days	2.8	2.42; 3.31	<0.001	1.8	1.47; 2.17	<0.001
Sporadic consumption of alcohol (parents and/or siblings)	1.2	1.03; 1.43	0.020
Exposure to a drunk family member (parents and/or siblings)	2.1	1.79; 2.53	<0.001	2.1	1.67; 2.53	<0.001
Heavy/frequent drinking in the previous month	24.6	13.86; 43.76	<0.001	15.0	7.96; 28.28	<0.001

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[1] * Corresponding author. E-mail:zila.sanchez@unifesp.br (Z.M. Sanchez).